Setting the stage for a New
Nation
Roots of Government
Magna Carta 1215
Limited the power
of the king.
Had to ask to raise
taxes
Roots of Government
Salutary neglect
Hands off policy
Passed laws but
didn’t enforce
Spanish Armada
•1588
•Spain sent its Navy
to destroy England.
•England was able to
defeat the Armada
Spanish Armada
•The consequence
of the defeat.
Spain was
weakened.
England and other
countries settled
Northern Colonies
Differences in Style
English settled
and stayed
French traded and
left
Spanish Destroyed
St. Augustine
The first
successful
settlement
in North
America
1513
Roanoke - The Lost Colony
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Started by Sir Walter Raleigh
Early settlers more interested in Gold than fishing
When Gold ran low, they returned to England
In 1587, Raleigh sent a second group but they
arrived too late in season to plant crops
Their leader (John White) sailed back to England
for more supplies. While there fighting broke out
between England and Spain.
His return was delayed for three years.
When he finally reached the island, the colonist
had disappeared.
Carved on the doorpost was the word
Jamestown
First
successful
English
colony in
America.
Jamestown
Pocahontas “saving” John
Smith
Settled by the river, the
land was marshy. The
Natives lived deeper
into the forest.
Jamestown
John Smith almost
killed himself with
gun powder.
Two years earlier
the colony would
have rejoiced. This
time they almost
died.
While John Smith left, the colony
experienced a “starving time. 60
of the 214 lived
Land Disputes
•NativeAmericans found
out what the
settlers wanted
and cut them off.
•What did they
want?
John Rolfe
•Married to
Pocahontas
•Developed high
grade tobacco
•Gave England a
reason to care
about America
Bacon’s Rebellion
•1676
•By 1670 ¼ of free
white men were former
servants.
•Resented land owners
•Lost the rebellion, but
forced laws to change.
New England Colonies
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Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Why Come?
• These settlers
came here
mostly for
religious
freedom.
• Highly religious
people.
Subsistence Farming
•Growing mainly
just enough for
your family.
•Sell very little of
what you grow
Staple Crops
• Crops that are a main
part of the diet
– Corn is a prime
example
Town Hall Meetings
•Close
communities.
•Town meetings
to settle
problems.
•Met in the
Church
Puritan Theocracy
• Church is
political
• Punishments
come from the
Bible
Middle Colonies
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New York
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New Jersey
The Middle Colonies/ Jobs
•Most of the
Craftsman and
merchant traders
came from here.
•Still had some
slaves.
Religion
• Had religious freedom
throughout
• Pennsylvania mostly
Quaker though
– William Penn
Why Come?
• Came here for both
religious freedom and
Jobs/Money
Southern Colonies
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Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Importance of Land
•Land determines
social position.
You own land you
have power.
•Voting restricted
to white male land
owners
Commercial Farmers
• Had large farms
(plantations) for the
purpose of making
money.
Cash Crops
• Crops that are highly
profitable
Why Come?
• Came here for the
purpose of making
money
• Land = Power and
Money
Charter
A legal document
that gives you rights
to the land.
Colony
A distant area that
is controlled by the
home country.
Market
A place to buy and
sale goods.
The goal of the Colonies was to create a
market for English goods.
Indentured Servant
Work for a term of time
and then receive your
freedom.
Free trip to the Colonies
Apprentice
Training to become a
master craftsman.
Work for little or no
pay and then you
start your own
business.
Triangular Trade
•Columbian
Exchange
•Trading goods
between 3
ports.
Plantations
•Had to have many
slaves to operate.
•Cash crops-crops
raised for trade,
not consumption.
This is industrial
agriculture.
Slavery
Plantations and
Commercial
farming led to the
need for free labor.
This is a part of the
Triangular Trade
Called the Middle
Passage
First African Slaves
in America were in
1619
Push/Pull Factors
Pull- Good things that draw
you to an area.
Push- Bad things that make you
leave.
Puritans
Wanted to
“purify,” clean up
the Church of
England. They
were forced to
leave England.
Pilgrims
People that left
England for a new
home and
religious freedom
in 1620.
They are Puritans.
Great Migration
Pilgrims
leaving
England for
religious
freedom in the
mid 1600’s
Trade
The job in which
you do or
exchanging
goods.
The Great Awakening
A religious movement that swept
through the colonies in the
1730’s and 1740’s
Why is it important
• Changed colonial religion
• Affected social and political life
• Drew people of diff’t regions, classes and
races together
• This is one of the few times people from
diff’t colonies exchanged ideas
• People were introduced to new ideas,
colonies with less political freedom were
introduced to more democratic systems
Enlightenment
A movement that took place during the
1700’s that spread the idea that
reason and logic could improve society
Why is it important
• Ideas of the Enlightenment influenced
colonial leaders
• John Locke’s social contract theory –
which stated there was a contract between
gov’t and citizens
• Also said people had natural rights such
as equality and liberty
King Phillip’s War
A conflict that started in 1675 between the
Wampanoag, led by Metacomet (also known
as King Phillip) and colonists who wanted
Indian lands. Ended in 1676, after 600
colonists and nearly 3,000 Indians had died
Why is it important
• Alliances developed among the colonists
and certain Native groups, such as the
Iroquois League, and they fought with the
colonists against Metacomet.
French and Indian War
War fought between the French and
their native allies and the English and
their native allies over land in the Ohio
River Valley
Why is it important
• England and the colonists won the war
• Treaty of Paris was signed
• Benjamin Franklin came up with the
Albany Plan of Union
• Tried to unite the colonies for the first time
• Didn’t pass, local governments and
peoples didn’t want to give up power
Franklin’s political cartoon
Treaty of Paris
Treaty that ended the French and
Indian War
Why is it important
• The treaty gave Canada to Britain
• Britain also gained all French lands east of
the Mississippi River with the exception of
the city of New Orleans and two small
islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
• Britain also received Florida from Spain,
who had allied with France
• Changed the balance of power in N.A.
Opened up the west to British settlers
Pontiac and his Rebellion
Pontiac was an Ottawa chief who had fought
with France, he tried to keep British settlers
from coming west. His rebellion started in
1763 within a month he had destroyed or
captured 7 British forts. Surrendered in 1766
PONTIAC = DETROIT
Why is it important
• Britain was scared more fighting would
take place if colonists kept moving west
• King George III issued the Proclamation of
1763 – this law banned British settlement
west of the Appalachian mountains, and
ordered settlers to leave the upper Ohio
River valley
• The Proclamation angered colonists and
went mostly ignored by them
Navigation Acts
A series of laws passed by the
British Parliament between 16501696 limiting colonial trade
Why is it important
• These acts did such things as forbade
colonists from trading with other countries
• Required them to use English ships to
transport goods
• Required all good to pass through English
ports and pay duties or taxes
John Peter Zenger Case
• Officials arrested Zenger claiming he
printed false statements about the Gov. of
New York thus damaging the Governor’s
reputation
• Zenger’s attorney argued that Zenger
could publish anything he wanted as long
as it was true
Why is it important
• The jury sided with Zenger and his
attorney
• This shows that colonists believed that
people had a right to voice their opinions
and ideas openly without the threat of
prosecution.
• This concept would later be guaranteed in
the Bill of Rights.