Ch 3.4
The French and Indian War
MAIN IDEA
British victory over the French in
North America enlarged the British
empire but leads to new conflicts
with the colonies.
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
British influence spread over North
America, however French
populations and place names still
exist here.
Britain and France Compete
• Both want to create
a world-wide
empire.
• Both want the
Ohio River Valley.
France’s North American Empire
• Claim St. Lawrence River and Mississippi
Valley
• By 1754, New France has small
population.
-mostly fur traders and missionary priests.
-good relations with Native Amer.
- Military alliances
The War Begins
• French build Fort Duquesne in Ohio Valley.
-Land claimed by Virginia.
• 1754, George Washington is sent to evict
French.
-He’s defeated.
• War begins- forth war between the
empires.
Early French Victories
• Gen. Edward Braddock’s army ambushed
near Duquesne.
• 1755-1756, British lose repeated battles to
French, native allies.
William Pitt and the Iroquois
• Both help the
British.
• Capture in the
Battle of Quebec
in 1759, ends the
war.
• Treaty of Paris
(1763) ends war.
-split land between
Spain and British.
Victory Brings New Problems
• Pontiac fears loss
of land; captures
British forts.
• British use
smallpox as
weapon.
• Proclamation of
1763 -colonist can’t
settle west of
Appalachians.
British Policies Anger Colonists
• Proclamation Line
of 1763.
• Smuggling
crackdown in
Massachusetts.
• Writ of assistance
allow searches of
ships, businesses,
and homes.
Problems Resulting from the War
• Prime Minister
George
Grenville sets
policies to pay
war debt.
• Enacts a series
of “Acts” and
“Duties”.
-TAXES!!!!