Prophetic Monotheism:
Judaism
Abraham: the Patriarch
· Founder of Judaism
· Moved from
· Mesopotamia to Canaan
(Israel)
· Tested by God
· Covenant: monotheism
· “I will make you the
father of a great nation”
Moses the Lawgiver
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
10 Plagues and “Passover”
Ten Commandments
Exodus to the Promised Land (Israel)
Moses believed author of the Torah
Gods chosen people
10 commandments
· Rules for Judaism and Christianity
Torah and Talmud
· Sacred Text of Judaism.
· In Christianity, Torah is known as the
Old Testament
Jewish view of Jesus?
· Jesus is a prophet, not
the sun of God or the
messiah.
· They are still waiting
for the messiah to
return.
Kosher Laws
· Food must be blessed
· Do not mix meat and dairy
· Do not eat Pork (dirty animal)
Synagogue
Kingdom of Israel
· Saul
· David - conquers city
of Jerusalem
· Solomon - builds
temple in Jerusalem
· Fall to the Assyrians
· Babylonian exile
· First temple destroyed
Jerusalem
Wailing Wall
· In Jerusalem,
people often
write prayers for
God and put
them within the
wall. It is from
when the first
temple was
destroyed
Jewish Diaspora
· Numerous Jewish revolts in Palestine (Roman name
for the region). The Romans crush the revolts, destroy
the temple in the CITY OF JERUSALEM, and the
Jews disperse.
Medieval Anti-Semitism
· In the Middle Ages, Charlemagne asked Jews to
move to his Holy Roman Empire because
Christians were not allowed to lend money (it
was seen as the sin of usury)
· Many European nations attempted to forcibly
convert or expel Jews from their kingdoms.
After the Crusades, Anti-Semitism increases
greatly.
Attacks and Expulsions
· The First Crusaders rampage through
Jewish communities in Northern Europe
en route;
· Jews often live apart in ghettoes;
· Jews are blamed for the plague;
· Jews are expelled from France, Italy,
England, Germany, Spain, etc.
· Many move to Poland, Russia, etc.
Pogroms in Russia
· 1791: Jews in Russia
must live within an
area called the Pale
· Czarist govt.
authorities in 19th C.
Russia encourage
attacks on Jewish
settlements
Twentieth Century
· Zionism (the Jewish Nationalist
Movement to return to Israel) grows
· The Balfour Declaration in England
promises to support a Jewish Homeland
· The Holocaust
· The Creation of Israel by the United
Nations after World War II
Arab-Israeli Wars
· 1948 Wars of Independence
· 1968 Six Day War
· 1973 October (Yom Kippur) War
Peace Accords:
· Egypt
· Jordan
Disputed Territories
· Grey Territories:
Palestine
· Blue: Jewish
settlements
· Since 1948, Israel
has expanded its
control of some of
this land for security
reasons.
Miscellaneous
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Rosh Hashanah
Yom Kippur
Chanukah
Pesach (Passover)
Sabbath (at home or
synagogue/temple)
· Bar / Bat Mitzvah