Results of the French Revolution for France
The ideas of DEMOCRACY and NATIONALISM
were “unleashed”:
I. Spread of democratic ideas
motto of the revolution:
“liberty, equality, fraternity”
A. Liberty
1. freedom from absolute rule
2. freedom from unfair economic restrictions
3. freedom of speech, press, religion, etc.
Results of the French Revolution for France
I.
Spread of DEMOCRATIC ideas
B. Equality – equal treatment before the
law
C. Fraternity - brotherhood of all people
working together to make a better world
Results of the French Revolution for France
II. Nationalism
A. Citizen armies to
defend the nation
B. National Anthems
Marseillaise
C. National holidays
Bastille Day, July 14
D. State controlled
education
The ideals of the French
Revolution and the
Napoleonic Era spread to
other nations.
Napoleon’s domination of
conquered nations does
lead to the question…was
Napoleon a hero or a
tyrant?
Napoleonic Era Helps
Influence Other Nations
HOW?
Planted Seeds of Revolution
* Equality and freedom
* Ended abuses of feudalism/serfdom
* Introduced Code of Napoleon
* Encouraged state controlled education
* Introduced constitutions to conquered
nations
Napoleonic Era Helps
Influence Other Nations
WHERE?
Europe
* Changed the Map of Europe
* Reduced the number of German states from
100 to 39
* Ended Austrian domination of German states
* Greek Independence – 1829
* Belgium – 1830
Napoleonic Era Helps
Influence Other Nations
WHERE?
Latin America:
1. Haiti – 1804
2. Argentina & Chile – 1816, 1817 (Jose San Martin)
3. Venezuela – 1819 (Simon Bolivar)
4. Mexico – 1821 (Jose Morelos, Miguel Hidalgo)
5. Santo Domingo – 1821
* …forced
Spain no
longerofcontrolled
land
in the
Latin
America
removal
Ferdinand VII
from
Spanish
after 1824
thrown
and his replacement by Joseph Bonaparte,
Napoleon's brother…
Napoleonic Era Helps
Influence Other Nations
Napoleon’s Legacy of War/Empire
A. Promoted militarism
B. Aroused nationalism
C. Caused widespread destruction/loss
of life
D. Taxed conquered people heavily
E. Set example as 1st modern dictator
Napoleon Hero or Tyrant?
Did Napoleon destroy or preserve the
French Revolution?
1. Ruled as an ABSOLUTE MONARCH
(Isn’t this what the Bourbons were?)
2. Provided an efficient government
(Isn’t this what Louis XVI was NOT?)
3. Furthered revolutionary principles of equality
(Isn’t this the reason for the Revolution?)
Napoleon - Hero or Tyrant?
REFORMS
1. Centralized local government to strengthen his control on
the country (appointed governors, mayors, judges,
police heads) Even today, France still has a highly
centralized government.
…hmmm, a strong leader?.....
A centralized government is the form of government in which power is
2.concentrated
Set up a insystem
ofauthority
state controlled
education
(uniform
a central
to which local
governments
are
for all, built new schools, promoted French Nationalism)
subject.
…hmmm, equality for all?.....
Remember the main question here: Did Napoleon destroy or
preserve the French Revolution?
Napoleon - Hero or Tyrant?
REFORMS
3. Guaranteed religious toleration
…something the people wanted….
4. Concordat of 1801 (re-established friendly
relations with the church)
a. State paid
salaries
* Catholicism
wasclergy
declared
the religion of the majority of
Frenchmen.
Napoleon
b. Church
wanted
surrendered
to heal thelands
divisions
taken
within
during
the Catholic
the
revolution
*Church
Papal
acceptance
of churchafter
lands
during theof Church
that had developed
thelost
confiscation
Revolution.
property
and the
Civil Constitution
of the
Clergy.approves
c. Bishops
nominated
by State
& Pope
* Bishops
subservient
…exactly
how to
is the
this regime.
good for the church?....
*But,
Eventually,
Pope
Piusintent
VII renounced
and
Napoleon’s
clear
was to usethe
theConcordat,
clergy to prop
up his Napoleon
regime. had him brought to France and placed
under house arrest.
Napoleon - Hero or Tyrant?
REFORMS
5. The Code of Napoleon
a. equal treatment before the law
The Napoleonic Code, (French Civil Code),
b. abolished
established under Napoléon. It was drafted
serfdom/feudalism
rapidly by
a commission of four eminent jurists
and entered into force on March 21, 1804. Even
c. granted trial by jury
though the Napoleonic code was not the first
legal
code to be established
d. religious
tolerationin a European
country
a civil legal
system, it is considered
…let’s
seewith
– equality
and freedom/liberty…
the first successful one and strongly influenced
the law of many other countries. The Code, with
its stress on clearly written and accessible law,
was a major step in establishing the rule of law.
Historians have called it “one of the few
documents which have influenced the whole
world."
Napoleon - Hero or Tyrant?
REFORMS
6. Improved France’s infrastructure
* built roads, bridges, canals, harbors and public
works – he beautified Paris
…made people proud of their country – Nationalism…
7. Improved the Economy
a. created the Bank of France to maintain
sound currency
b. collected taxes fairly/efficiently
c. paid the government debts
…hmmm, ran an efficient government…who wants that?...
Napoleon
Hero or Tyrant?