Unit Four/Ch. 22
AP European History - UHS

 Inability of Louis Philippe to make necessary reforms  lots of unemployed & unhappy people in Paris
 Competition between socialist Republicans like Louis
Blanc, and more moderate republicans who were weary of socialism
 National Workshops vs. Constituent Assembly (more conservative)
 Attempted closure of the workshops instigated “June
Days” (10,000 killed or wounded)  militant class warfare
 Constituent Assembly drafts new constitution  best defense against radicals is to create strong executive power in the hands of the president to be elected by universal male suffrage = 2 nd Republic

Setting the Stage (Pre 1850 vs. Post
1850)
 Repressive conservatism  period of war & change
 Exuberant Romanticism 
Hardheaded realism
 Economic hardship 
Prosperity
 New organizing principle 
Nationalism
 The Realpolitik


 Elected president in Dec.
1848
 Politically ambitious & manipulative
 Coup d’etat  Dismissed
National Assembly in 1851
 Later elected hereditary emperor  Napoleon III

 Most successful aspect of
Napoleon III’s rule
 Used gov’t resources to stimulate nat’l economy & industrial growth
 Social welfare reforms
 Vast reconstruction of Paris
 Baron Haussman
 Stimulated business and employment

Internal Challenges & Liberalization
 Internal opposition to regime increased in 1860s
 Liberalization of the regime
 Frequent warfare & poor foreign policy

 The Eastern Question: Who would benefit from the disintegration of the
Ottoman Empire?
 RUS, AUS, FR, GB interested in opportunity
 OE & RUS declare war Oct.
1853
 Concerns over upsetting
“balance of power”

 AUS remained neutral, GB & FR sided with Turks
 Crimean war long, inefficient, costly
 New trends in warfare  journalists, nurses
 Dramatic changes to balance of power in Europe