WG 3.2 EQ: Analyze population issues
and policies, including pro-natal and antinatal policies of different countries and
their effects on population characteristics.
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Anti-natal – preventing or outlawing
families from having more than one child
through taxing
Pro-natal – encouraging families to have
more children to boost population birth
rates.
Infanticide – although highly unethical and
illegal, it is the practice of killing children
that are unwanted by families. This
occurred in Ancient Greece and more
recently China and some third world
countries.
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In its most recent census, Germany discovered it had lost 1.5
million inhabitants. By 2060, experts say, the country could
shrink by an additional 19 percent, to about 66 million people.
Germany actively encourages their citizens to have more than
one child.
A large majority of the population in Germany are elderly.
Soon, with their retirement, others leaving the country, and
very few people to replace them, Germany faces a huge labor
shortage.
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The German government now pay families to have more children.
They have also become more accepting to immigrants from other
countries.
In Germany, more and more of the labor force that support retirees are
immigrants from other eastern European countries.
Copy this graph in your notes.
You only have to copy down the years 2008-2012. In that four year time period.
Their population fluctuated about 1.5 million.
What are the repercussions of these policies?
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Russia is facing the very real chance to lose over 42%
of its workforce in the next twenty year.
Russian men live a short 58 years.
 Their lifestyle shortens their lifespans.
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France offers financial incentives for families with
more than 3 children.
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Aside from Japan, European countries are the fastest aging
countries in the world.
Singapore’s changes by the year.
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The country, in the early 1960s, limiting the
size of the family to three.
After a huge decline, the Family Planning
and Population Board (FPPB) was
established, initially advocating small
families but eventually running the Stop at
Two program.
The government eventually became pronatalist, and officially announced its
replacement Have Three or More (if you
can afford it) in 1987.
The government wanted to encourage the
middle class and upper class families,
while discouraging lower class families
from having children.
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China has land availability issues due to their high
population, and for religious regions, their one child
policy affects the population of females.
Confucianism favors sons because they are more helpful
in the rural areas, while taking care of his parents.
The family lives with the male, after his marriage.
According to estimates, this year China has prevented
the birth of close to 400 million people.
After the second child, families are subject to tax fines.
Before modernization, Chinese government could not
handle the burden. Laws were stricter.
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Families are having twins through medical
fertilization.
Since there are no tax penalties for twins, the amount
of twins born in China has doubled in the last year.
Population growth has slowed, but the growth
continues.
Population Change in China
Year
Population in
Millions
Change
1964
694.6
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1982
1008.2
+313.6
2000
1265.8
+257.6
2010
1339.7
+73.9