By CA. Prakash Wohra
RELATED PARTY:
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RELATED PARTY: (Sect. 2 (76)
“related party”, with reference to a company, means—
(i)
a director or his relative;
(ii) a key managerial personnel or his relative;
(iii) a firm, in which a director, manager or his relative is a partner;
(iv) a private company in which a director or manager is a member or
director;
(v) a public company in which a director or manager is a director or
holds along with his relatives, more than two per cent. of its paidup share capital;
(vi) any body corporate whose Board of Directors, managing director or
manager is accustomed to act in accordance with the advice,
directions or instructions of a director or manager;
(vii) any person on whose advice, directions or instructions a director or
manager is accustomed to act:
Provided that nothing in sub-clauses (vi) and (vii) shall apply to the
advice, directions or instructions given in a professional capacity;
(viii) any company which is—
(A) a holding, subsidiary or an associate company of such company; or
(B) a subsidiary of a holding company to which it is also a subsidiary;
(ix) such other person as may be prescribed;
RELATIVES: (Section 2 (77)
‘‘relative’’, with reference to any person, means any one who is related
to another, if—
(i)
they are members of a Hindu Undivided Family;
(ii)
they are husband and wife; or
(iii) one person is related to the other in such the following
manner, namely:(1) Father: Provided that the term “Father” includes step-father.
(2) Mother: Provided that the term “Mother” includes the stepmother.
(3) Son: Provided that the term “Son” includes the step-son.
(4) Son’s wife.
(5) Daughter.
(6) Daughter’s husband.
(7) Brother: Provided that the term “Brother” includes the stepbrother;
(8) Sister: Provided that the term “Sister” includes the step- sister.
Meaning of “relative”
A person shall be deemed to be a relative of another if, and only if,(a) they are members of a Hindu undivided family; or
(b) they are husband and wife; or
(c) the one is related to the other in the manner indicated in Schedule IA as under:
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(List of Relative)
1. Father
2. Mother (including step-mother)
3. Son (including step-son)
4. Son’s wife
5. Daughter (including step-daughter)
6. Father’s father
7. Father’s mother
8. Mother’s mother
9. Mother’s father
10. Son’s son
11. Son’s son’s wife
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12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Son’s daughter
Son’s daughter’s husband
Daughter’s husband
Daughter’s son
Daughter’s son’s wife
Daughter’s daughter
Daughter’s daughter’s husband
Brother (including step-brother)
Brother’s wife
Sister (including step sister)
Sister’s husband
From the above we find that the definitions of relative under new companies act, 2014
has been restricted to the persons in ascending and descending order with brother and
sisters only.
Whereas, in old provisions of Companies Act, 1956, it was more large and extensive
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(1) On and after the commencement of this Act, no company shall
invite, accept or renew deposits under this Act from the public except in
a manner provided in Chapter V:
(2) A company may, subject to the passing of a resolution in general
meeting and subject to such rules as may be prescribed in consultation
with the Reserve Bank of India, accept deposits from its members on
such terms and conditions, subject to the fulfillment of certain
conditions, namely:— circulars, deposit not less than 15% in separate
bank account , deposit insurance , certificate regarding not commitment
of any default, providing security, if any. filing a copy of the circular
along with such statement with the Registrar within thirty days before
the date of issue of the circular; deposit repayment reserve account etc.
Deposit includes any receipt of money by way of deposit or loan or in
any other form, by a company, but does not include any amount
received–
Cont……
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From the Central /State Government or a State Legislature, local or any
other statutory authority. ;
From foreign Governments,
From foreign or international banks,
From multilateral financial institutions or
From foreign Governments owned development financial institutions
etc.;
From any banking company or
From institution notified by the Central Government, or
From a co-operative bank ;
From Public Financial Institutions;
From issue of commercial paper or
From any other instruments issued in accordance with the guidelines or
notification issued by the Reserve Bank of India;
From any other company; (Inter Corporate Deposits)
Cont…..
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subscription to any securities, including share application money or
advance towards allotment of securities pending allotment, provided the
allotment is made within sixty days from the date of receipt of the
application money or advance for such securities and such application
money or advance is refunded to the subscribers within fifteen days
from the date of completion of sixty days.
From a director of the company
From the issue of bonds or debentures
From an employee of the company not exceeding annual salary.
From any non-interest bearing amount received or held in trust
in the course of, or for the purposes of, the business of the company
From the promoters by way of unsecured loan as per stipulation of
lending financial institution or a bank.
by a Nidhi company in accordance with the rules made under section
406 of the Act.
Repayment of deposits etc. accepted before commencement of this
Act. (Sec. 74)
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(1)
Where in respect of any deposit accepted by a company before the
commencement of this Act, the amount of such deposit or part thereof or
any interest due thereon remains unpaid on such commencement or
becomes due at any time thereafter, the company shall—
(a) file, within a period of three months from such commencement or
from the date on which such payments, are due, with the Registrar a
statement of all the deposits accepted by the company and sums
remaining unpaid on such amount with the interest payable thereon along
with the arrangements made for such repayment.; and
(b) repay within one year from such commencement or from the date on
which such payments are due, whichever is earlier.
(2) The Tribunal may on an application made by the company, after
considering the financial condition of the company allow further time as
considered reasonable to the company to repay the deposit.
3)
If a company fails to comply with the above it shall, in addition to
the payment of deposit and the interest due, be punishable with fine of
not less than one crore rupees but which may extend to ten crore rupees
and every officer of the company who is in default shall be punishable
with imprisonment upto seven years or with fine of not less than twentyfive lakh rupees but which may extend to two crore rupees, or with both.
Filling of Documents, Forms with ROC. (Rules 16,19 and 20)
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16. Every company to which these rules apply, shall on or before the
30th day of June, of every year, file with the Registrar, a return in Form
DPT-3 along with the fee as provided in Companies (Registration Offices
and Fees) Rules, 2014 and furnish the information contained therein as
on the 31st day of March of that year duly audited by the auditor of the
company.
19. Applicability of sections 73 and 74 to eligible companies.It is hereby clarified that in case of a company which had accepted or
invited public deposits under the relevant provisions of the Companies
Act, 1956 and rules made under that Act (hereinafter known as “Earlier
Deposits”) and has been repaying such deposits and interest thereon in
accordance with such provisions, the provisions of clause (b) of subsection (1) of section 74 of the Act shall be deemed to have been
complied with if the company complies with requirements under the Act
and these rules and continues to repay such deposits and interest due
thereon on due dates for the remaining period of such deposit in
accordance with the terms and conditions and period of such Earlier
Deposits and in compliance with the requirements under the Act and
these rules;
20. Statement regarding deposits existing as on the date of
commencement of the Act shall be in Form DPT-4.
ACCEPTANCE OF DEPOSITS FROM PUBLIC BY
CERTAIN COMPANIES: (Sec. 76)
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(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 73, a public
company, having such net worth or turnover as may be prescribed, may
accept deposits from persons other than its members subject to
compliance with the requirements provided in sub-section (2) of section
73 and subject to such rules as the Central Government may, in
consultation with the Reserve Bank of India, prescribe:
Provided that such a company shall be required to obtain the rating
(including its net worth, liquidity and ability to pay its deposits on due
date) from a recognized credit rating agency for informing the public the
rating given to the company at the time of invitation of deposits from
the public which ensures adequate safety and the rating shall be
obtained for every year during the tenure of deposits:
Provided further that every company accepting secured deposits from
the public shall within thirty days of such acceptance, create a charge on
its assets of an amount not less than the amount of deposits accepted in
favour of the deposit holders in accordance with such rules as may be
prescribed.
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On and from the commencement of these rules,—
No company referred to in sub-section (2) of section 73 and
no eligible company shall accept or renew any deposit, whether
secured or unsecured, which is repayable on demand or upon
receiving a notice within a period of less than six months or more
than thirty-six months from the date of acceptance or
renewal of such deposit:
Provided that a company may, for the purpose of meeting any
of its short-term
requirements of funds, accept or renew such
deposits for repayment earlier than six months from the date of
deposit or renewal, as the case may be, subject to the condition
that(a)
such deposits shall not exceed ten per cent. of the
aggregate of the paid up share capital and free
reserves of the company, and
(b)
such deposits are repayable not earlier than three
months from the deposits or renewal thereof.
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For inviting deposits from its members or other public
following requirements needs to be fulfilled:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Advertisements or circulars by registered post including
speed post or by electronic mode in Form DPT-1an advertisement in Form DPT-1 for the purpose in English
language in an English newspaper and in vernacular
language in one vernacular newspaper having wide
circulation in the State in which the registered office of the
company is situated.
Every company inviting deposits from the public shall
upload a copy of the circular on its website, if any.
enter into a contract for providing deposit insurance
at least thirty days before the issue of circular or
advertisement or at least thirty days before the date
of renewal, as the case may be.
Creation of security.
Appointment of trustee for depositors.
Meeting of depositors
Maintenance of liquid assets and creation of deposit
repayment reserve account.Maintaining of registers of deposits.
Return of deposits to be filed with the Registrar
PUNISHMENT FOR CONTRAVENTIONIf any company referred to in sub-section (2) of section 73 or any eligible
company inviting deposits or any other person contravenes any provision
of these rules for which no punishment is provided in the Act, the company
and every officer of the company who is in default shall be punishable with
fine which may extend to five
thousand rupees and where the
contravention is a continuing one, with a further fine which may extend to
five hundred
rupees for every day after the first day during which the
contravention continues.
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From the above details following terms emerges which clears the above
contention:
Public deposits for which certain terms and conditions are applicable.
Secured or unsecured loans from banks, financial institutions etc.
Loan against commercial paper or any other instruments.
Loan from another Company i.e. inter corporate deposits.
amount received towards subscription to any securities, including share
application money or advance towards allotment of securities pending
allotment provided the allotment is made within sixty days from the date
of receipt of the application money or advance for such securities and
such application money or advance is refunded to the subscribers within
fifteen days from the date of completion of sixty days.
Amount received from a person who, at the time of the receipt of the
amount, was a director of the company:
Amount received from an employee of the company not exceeding his
annual salary.
Cont…….
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Amount received in the course of, or for the purposes of, the business of
the company provided that such advance is appropriated against supply
of goods or provision of services within a period of three hundred and
sixty five days from the date of acceptance of such advance.
Advance received in connection with consideration for property under an
agreement or arrangement;
Security deposit for the performance of the contract for supply of goods
or provision of services;
Advance received under long term projects for supply of capital goods.
Amount brought in by the promoters of the company by way of
unsecured loan in the stipulation of any lending financial institution or a
bank. This exemption shall be available only till the loans of financial
institution or bank are repaid and not thereafter;
Under the new act, even private company has to seek permission from
members in general meeting before accepting such loans or deposits.
No such approval was required under old Companies Act, 1956.
Earlier, the above provisions were mainly applicable to Public Limited
Companies only. Now all these are made applicable to private companies
also.
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Where family has sufficient owned funds and do not require any financial
assistance.
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Where out of total family members including HUFs only two or three
persons are directors.
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Where old share application money kept for long duration or at least for
more than 60 days.
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Business advance for more than 365 days. Even genuine advance for
goods having manufacturing cycle of more than 365 days.
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Even financial assistance obtained but fully repaid shortly.
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Advance security deposit of employee kept with the company but he or
she leaves the company and such deposit is not yet refunded.
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No company shall directly or indirectly advance any loan, including any
loan represented by book debt, to any of its director or to any other
person in whom the director is interested.
The expressions “to any of its director or to any other person in whom
the director is interested” is also defined as under:
(a) Any director od a lending company or of a company which is its
holding company; or any partner or relative of any such director;
(b) Any firm in which any such director or relative is a partner;
(c) Any private Company of which any such director is a director or
member; (It means inter corporate deposits within group as well.)
(d) Any body corporate at a general meeting of which not less than
25% of total voting power may be exercised or controlled by any
such director or by two or more such directors, together or
(e) Any body corporate, the board of directors, managing director or
manager, whereof is accustomed to act in accordance with the
directions or instructions of the board or any director or directors
of the lending company.
(f) This covers guarantees also. It means not only loans but corporate
guarantees are also covered.
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PENALTIES AND PROSECUTION:
(a)
(b)
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Minimum fine of Rs. 5.00 lacs (Maximum up to Rs. 25.00
lacs) to the Company.
Minimum fine of Rs. 5.00 lacs (Maximum up to Rs. 25.00
lacs) or imprisonment up to 6 months or both to all such
directors.
CAUTION:
(a)
(b)
It is to be noted that existing loans on the date of
applicability of new provisions shall not be covered but
any addition or renewal will be covered.
Similarly any outstanding corporate guarantee will also
not be covered. However any fresh guarantee or renewal of
such old guarantee will be subject to new provisions and
are prohibited.
Thanks………..