ASIA-PACIFIC UNION FOR HOUSING
FINANCE
PRO-POOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING
CHALLENGES
=ISSUES WE KNOW, ANSWERS WE SEEK=
WWW.APUHF.INFO
1
EVOLUTION OF APUHF
•
In May, 2008 the World Bank initiated a dialogue (GDLN) between
countries of South Asia to address issues of housing and housing
finance.
•
In May 2009 the World Bank organized a regional housing conference in
Jakarta, Indonesia.
•
To better understand the issues and underlying challenges, the World
Bank also initiated a study on housing in South Asia titled “Expanding
Housing Finance to the Underserved in South Asia”, published in 2010
published in 2010.
•
At the Jakarta Conference, based on its findings/recommendations, a
proposal to set up a more permanent regional platform in the name of
“South Asia Housing Forum-SAHF” was tabled.
•
The proposal was fully endorsed by the conference participants and the
multilateral agencies like the World Bank, IFC, and Asian Development
Bank.
2
EVOLUTION OF APUHF CONT’D
•
Around the same time UNESCAP and UNHABITAT had launched an
initiative on Pro-Poor Housing in Asia-Pacific region.
•
Under the initiative, a study titled “ Regional Project on Pro-Poor Housing
Finance in Asia-Pacific-A Compendium of Seven Countries” was
launched In January 2010.
•
Findings and Recommendations of UNESCAP/UNHABITAT Study were in
line with the objectives of SAHF.
•
In a joint meeting of the two initiatives held in Delhi in January, 2010 it
was decided to merge the two initiatives, expand its scope to Asia-Pacific
region and rename it as “ Asia-Pacific Union for Housing FinanceAPUHF.”.
•
APUHF is functional since January 2010, with its Head Quarter in Delhi
(Courtesy National Housing Bank, India)
•
Its affairs are run by its Advisory Board, and its General Assembly.
3
OBJECTIVES
• Provide a basis and a platform for exchange of ideas, views,
experiences, events, practices, products in different countries of
South Asia.
• Help in policy design, strategic intervention, design of supply and
finance instruments.
• Exchange of learning and best practices on regional basis.
• Provide an e-Platform for knowledge sharing and networking.
•
Publish a periodic Journal on Housing and Housing Finance
developments in the region
4
APUHF ADVISORY BOARD
India:
Mr. R.V.Verma - Chairman
Chairman & Managing Director, National Housing Bank
Thailand:
Mr. Woravit Chailimpamontri - Alternate Chairman
President, Government Housing Bank
Pakistan:
Mr. Muhammad Ashraf Khan– Vice Chairman
Executive Director, State Bank of Pakistan (Central Bank)
Srilanka:
Mr.P.D.J.Fernando – Member
Deputy Governor, Central Bank of Srilanka
Bangladesh: Mr. Mohammad Nazrul Huda – Member
Ex - Deputy Governor, Bangladesh Bank
Mongolia:
Ms. Enkhbayar Tsedendorj – Member
CEO, Mongolia Mortgage Corporation
Indonesia:
Mr. Raharjo Adisusanto – Member
President Director, SMF, Indonesia
Afghanistan: Mr.Noorullah Delawari – Member
Governor, Da Afghanistan Bank (Central Bank)
Japan:
Mr. Masahiro Kobayashi – Member
Chief Economist, Japan Housing Finance Agency
Mr. Zaigham Mahmood Rizvi – Member & Secretary General
Expert Consultant, Housing and Housing Finance
5
A REGIONAL SNAPSHOT
• Asia-Pacific represents one-quarter of the World
population,
• Nearly half of the World Poor
• Housing is an essential part of political sloganism, like:
“Housing for all”, “Slums Free Cities”, “Maang Raha hai har
Insaan-Roti, Kapra, aur Makan and so on……”
• In some countries delivery is SOME, and in most it is NONE
• Each country in the region has its own geo-socio-economic
parameters. From Afghanistan to Indonesia, all facing a
common issue of “shelter less poor”, and an under
developed housing finance system and the housing sector.
so regional successful models would be needing sharing of
experience and knowledge.
6
POPULATION TRENDS IN ASIA-PACIFIC
Total
Population
Countries
(mn)
2007
Population
Growth %
2007-
Urban
Population
(mn)
2007
Urban
Urbanization
Population % Growth %
of Total
GDP Growth
Rate %
2000-07
2015
India
1,125
1.3
329
29
2.5
Pakistan
162
2.1
58
36
3.3
Sri Lanka
20
0.3
3
15
0.2
Thailand
64
0.5
21
33
1.6
Mongolia
26
1.0
1.5
57
1.3
Indonesia
225
1.0
113
50
4.3
Bangladesh
158
1.6
42
27
3.7
7.8
5.6
5.3
5.3
7.5
5.1
5.7
7
HOUSING CHALLENGES IN ASIA-PACIFIC REGION
• The Region represents more than one out of four persons
and one out of two poor on the planet.
• Including China, Asia-Pacific represents one out every two
persons on the planet
• It is among the lowest in terms of Mortgage Finance
• (Average Mortgage Debt to GDP Ratio 3.3)
• Region is faced with massive housing shortage, as Indian
Urban Housing shortage 27 million plus,
• Nearly the entire urban shortage is in Low-Income Category
• Persons per Room Density in India/Pakistan is 3.5. EU is
1.1, USA is 0.5
8
POPULATION EXPLOSION IN ASIAN CITIES
•
In 1950, about 232 million people lived in urban areas, which
represented about 17% of Asia’s total population. Today it is more than
one-third and by 2025 nearly half of Asian Population will be Urban
•
This means that by 2030, one out of every two urban residents in the
world will be in Asia
•
In India, as per census 2001, the total housing stock was 249 million
units out of which 29% (72 million) were in urban areas. India today
faces an Urban housing shortage of 25 million units. Pakistan around 3
million.
•
Nearly entire Urban Housing Shortage is in Economically Weaker
Sections of society
India, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippine, Malaysia, Pakistan , Turkey and more
from the region have unique success stories in different areas and regional
countries could benefit from knowledge and experience sharing.
•
9
SLUMS PREVALENCE IN THE REGION
Afghanistan: 80 percent of the Kabul population (2.44 million) live in slums,
damaged or destroyed housing
Bangladesh: 2,100 slums; more than 2 million people in Dhaka live either in
slums or are without any proper shelter
India:
52,000 slums holding 8 million urban households, representing
about 14 percent of the total urban population.
Pakistan:
Karachi alone has between 600-800 slums, sheltering about 7.6
million (or 1 million households) out of the total city population of
15.1 million people
Sri Lanka:
A considerable share of the population of Sri Lanka lives in
plantations, slums and shanties.
Mongolia:
51% of the population is residing in temporary ger dwellings
Indonesia:
17.2 million families live in approximately 10,000 slum areas
10
WHERE THE URBAN POOR LIVE
• Hiding behind higher persons/room density, and living in slums.
In some cases homeless poor live on footpaths, and even in
abandoned sewerage pipes
• Slums, Shanty Towns, Jhopar Patti, Jhuggi, Basti, Katchi Abadi,
Squatter Settlements, legal/illegal habitat, and you name it
• Nearly 50% of major metropolitans in the regions are slums
•
Two prong approach would be needed
•
Slums improvement programs and
•
Slums rehabilitation programs
11
URBAN REALITIES
CONNECT BETWEEN APUHF AND ADFIAP
Housing Supply:
•
Housing constructions have a direct linkage to Construction Material Industry ( 72
items in direct sense and many more in related sense)
•
Construction Sector has a direct impact on economic growth and GDP of a country
•
Developer Industry is an important provider of employment in terms of Professionals,
Skilled, Semi-Skilled, and unskilled workforce.
•
DFIs can play a crucial role in promotion of Construction Industry ,and Construction
Material Industry
Housing Finance:
•
Mortgage Debt to GDP Ratio is an important indicator of economic growth
•
Specialized Housing Finance Institutions (DFIs) and Commercial banks play an
important role in extending Mortgage Debt
•
Housing Micro-Finance and Rural Housing Finance is now assuming new dimensions
•
Capital Market, REITS, Insurance Industry etc. are related institutions to contribute.
13
MESSAGE FROM:
R.V. VERMA, CHAIRMAN APUHF
APUHF aims at exploring viable and sustainable answers to the
challenge of Affordable Housing Supply and Housing Finance for
the vast Low-Income Population of Asia-Pacific Region. The
Forum will seek to facilitate the development of
Appropriate policies across the Region
It welcomes endorsement
and support of international
agencies, housing experts
and stakeholders in housing
and housing finance.
14
THANK YOU
Presented by:
Zaigham Mahmood Rizvi
Secretary General, APUHF
At 35th ADFIAP Annual Meeting
DFI’s Role in Sustainable
Development amidst the
Economic
April 25-27, 2012,
Istanbul
15