Chapter 9
Section 1
I. Washington takes office
A. Washington’s inauguration
1. April 30th Federal Hall, NYC
2. Vice President: John Adams
I. Washington takes office
B. Set many precedents
1. Calling him Mr. President
2. Running just 2 terms
3. “So help me God” at the end of his oath
4. Appointing a cabinet– relying on them a
lot!
Secretary of War- Henry Knox
Secretary of Treasury-Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of State-Thomas Jefferson
Attorney General- Edmond Randolph
I. Washington takes office
C. Federal Judiciary Act 1798
1. Established a Court System
2. Gave the Supreme Court 6 members
(1 chief and 5 associate)
3. Chief Justice was John Jay
4. Now we have 9 justices!
II. Economic Problems
A. Hamilton needs to dig the country out of
debt.
B. His plan: 1. Pay off debts
2. Raise Government $
3. Create a National Bank
II. Economic Problems
C. Southern states had
already paid off their
debts, they did not
want to help the
northern states get out
of debt.
1. Compromise:
South helps pay off
debts in exchange of a
more southerly located
capital.
II. Economic Problems
D. Tariff is a tax placed on goods coming into the
country
E. Hamilton placed a tariff on foreign goods.
III. Interpreting the Constitution
A. Jefferson was an anti
federalist and feared a
strong central government.
1. Strict constructionists–
believe in interpreting the
constitution just as it is written
III. Interpreting the Constitution
B. Hamilton was a Federalist
1. Loose constructionists believe in a broad or
flexible interpretation of the constitution.
IV. French Revolution
A. France had been a monarchy.
B. French Revolution
1. People rebelled to make it a
democracy.
C. England went to war with the
democratic France.
IV. French Revolution
D. USA had a tough decision
to make
1. Would we help the
democratic nation or
would we remain neutral?
a. Jefferson said help
the democratic
France.
b. Hamilton said stay
neutral.
2. Washington stayed
neutral.
IV. French Revolution
E. It was hard to remain neutral
1. Both sides kept seizing our ships.
2. Jay treaty-unsuccessful really.
3. Pinckney’s treaty did help smooth out
problems with Spain.