Name ANSWER KEY
Study Guide - Unit 4 Skeletal System
1. Fill out the chart below.
Name of bone
Location
Type of
Bone (long,
How many?
short, flat,
sesamoid,
irregular)
Humerus
Upper arm
long
2
Clavicle
Collarbone
long
2
Lower back vertebrae
irregular
5
Carpal
Wrist
short
8 per wrist- 16 total
Radius
Lower arm (thumb side)
long
2
Scapula
Shoulder blade
flat
2
Sacrum
Base of lumbar vertebrae - connected to pelvis
irregular
1
Cervical vertebrae
Top of vertebrae - neck
irregular
7
Sternum
Connects the ribs in front
flat
1
Patella
Kneecap
sesamoid
2
Phalanges
Fingers and toes
long
14 each - 56 total
Ankle
short
7 each - 14 total
Vertebrae in the middle of back (behind ribs)
irregular
12
Shin bone (front of lower leg)
long
2
Middle of the hand
long
5 each - 10 total
Ulna
Lower arm (pinky side)
long
2
Coccyx
Tailbone
irregular
1
Cranium
Skull
flat
22 total
Ribs
Thoracic region
flat
12 pairs - 24 total
Fibula
Lower leg - back
long
2
Lumbar vertebrae
Tarsal
Thoracic vertebrae
Tibia
Metacarpal
Mandible
Pelvis
Metatarsal
Lower jawbone
irregular
1
Lower part of torso - between abdomen and legs
flat
1
Middle of the foot
long
5 each - 10 total
2. What is the name of the ring of bones that holds the limbs on? GIRDLE
3. How many bones make up the human skeleton? 206
4. The first cervical vertebrae (C1) is called the ATLAS.
5. The second cervical vertebrae (C2) is called the AXIS.
6. How many phalanges do you have in one hand? 14 two hands? 28
7. How many phalanges do you have in one foot? 14 two feet? 28
8. What is the most commonly broken bone in the human body? CLAVICLE
9. How many ribs do you have? 24 How many pairs? 12
10. Your sacrum is attached to your PELVIS.
11. Which vertebrae are the largest - cervical, thoracic or lumbar? LUMBAR
12. How many bones make up the vertebral column? 26
13. How many bones make up the skull? 22
14. What is the non-weight-bearing bone of your leg that helps with balance and stability? FIBULA
15. What is the thigh bone called? FEMUR
16. The forearm bone that rotates is known as the RADIUS.
17. The longest and strongest bone of the upper extremity is the HUMERUS.
18. The collarbone is known as the CLAVICLE.
19. The shoulder blade is known as the SCAPULA.
20. What is the pectoral girdle? CONNECTS YOUR UPPER LIMBS ALONG THE AXIS OF YOUR BODY
21. What is the pelvic girdle? CONNECTS YOUR LOWER LIMBS ALONG THE AXIS OF YOUR BODY
22. The ribs attach to the THORACIC vertebrae.
23. What is another word for the breastbone? STERNUM
24. What is the name of the “cushions” of fibrocartilage that separate the vertebrae? INTERVERTEBRAL DISKS
25. What is the longest and strongest bone of the human body? FEMUR
26. What is the only bone of the skull that can freely move? MANDIBLE
27. Where is the vomer bone located? NOSE - DIVIDES THE NASAL CAVITIES
28. What is the upper jawbone called? MAXILLA
29. What is the lower jawbone called? MANDIBLE
30. What are the smallest facial bones called? LACRIMAL
31. Where, in the bone, are blood cells produced? RED BONE MARROW
32. How many facial bones do you have? 14
33. Describe the male pelvic girdle vs the female pelvic girdle. THE MALE PELVIS IS NARROWER AND LESS
FLARED - FEMALE PELVIS IS MORE BROAD AND ROUNDED
34. What makes up the axial skeleton? SKULL, VERTEBRAE, AND THORACIC CAGE
35. What makes up the appendicular skeleton? PECTORAL GIRDLE, UPPER LIMBS, PELVIC GIRDLE, LOWER LIMBS
36. What is another name for the tailbone? COCCYX
37. Describe the shape of the vertebral column in a healthy human. FOUR NATURAL CURVES - S SHAPED
38. List 7 functions of bone. SUPPORT, PROTECTION, ANCHORAGE, MINERAL STORAGE, BLOOD CELL
FORMATION, FAT STORAGE, HORMONE PRODUCTION
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