Terms
Hybridization atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridizedorbitals
influences molecular geometry and bonding properties
Molecular Formula
a chemical formula of a molecularcompound that
shows the kinds of atoms andtheamount ofeach atom
present EX Catta
StructuralFormula a formula thatshows the connectivity of atoms
in its molecule
Ex
1
Condensed Structural Formulas
H
or
shows the hydrogen atoms or otheratoms
or groups rightnext to the carbon atoms which
they're attached to
Skeletal line structures
imply carbons at the ends and cornersofeach line
each carbon is
understood
to be attached to enough
hydrogen atoms to give each carbon fourbonds
Hydrocarbons a compound with only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Substituents branch orfunctional group that replaces hydrogen atomsin a
larger hydrocarbon chain
Functional Group partof an organic molecule thatimparts a specific chemical
reactivity to the molecule
Alkyl Group substituent consists of an alkane missingonehydrogen attached tolarger
structure
Alkane
allcarbon atoms are linked by single bonds
Alkene molecule consisting of carbonand hydrogen containing at least
one carbon carbon double bond
Alkyne molecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen containing at least
one carbon carbon triple bond
Aromatic cyclic molecule consisting of carbon and hydrogen with delocalized
alternating carbon carbon single and double bonds
results in enhanced stability
Alcohol
organic compound with a hydroxyl group OH bondedto a
carbon atom
Ether organic compound with an oxygen atom that's bonded to twocarbon
atoms
Carbonyl group
carbon atom double bonded to an oxygenatom
Aldehyde organic compound containing a carbonyl group bondedtotwohydrogen atoms
or a hydrogenatomand a carbonsubstituent
Heteroatom
anyatom in a molecule thatisn't carbon or hydrogen