INTRODUCTION TO
HUMAN ANATOMY:
PART 1
KELSEY STEVENS, M.S.
OBJECTIVES
• Review common medical/ anatomical terms
• Describe anatomical relationships utilizing anatomical positional terminology including anatomical:
– Regions
– Planes
– Directional terms
– Positional terms
• Demonstrate the various joint movements
• Compare and contrast origins and insertions
• Compare and contrast a regional to a systemic approach to anatomy
• Describe the general structure, functions, and relationships of the systems of the human body
YOUR OTHER
PROFESSOR…
• Zach Murphy, PA
• https://www.ninjanerd.org/
• Sometimes more than you need to
know, but a great secondary resource
to the lectures
• Especially great for my visual learners
• Don’t know what kind of learner you
are?
http://www.educationplanner.org/stude
nts/self-assessments/learning-styles
MATCH THE FOLLOWING TERMS WITH
THEIR MEANING…
Glosso
Blood
vessels
Little
cavity
Osseo
Heme
Tongue
Muscle
Angio
Myo
Blood
Bone
Alveus or
alveolar
Can you think of any others?
ANATOMICAL
REGIONAL TERMS
ANATOMICAL POSITIONAL TERMS
Sometimes terms can be similar, for
example cranial and superior…
ANATOMICAL POSITIONAL TERMS
ANATOMICAL
PLANES
MOVEMENT TERMS
You will
always
need to
provide
the joint
that is
moving!!!
MOVEMENT TERMS
MOVEMENT
TERMS
• Origin –
Proximal
Attachment
Based on your previous anatomy
experience, predict which of the
following bones most likely
contains the origin for the biceps
brachii muscle?
A. Scapula
B. Humerus
C. Radius
D. Ulna
• Insertion –
Distal
Attachment
THERE ARE SOOOOO MANY ORIGINS
AND INSERTIONS… DO I NEED TO
KNOW THEM ALL?
YES! BUT YOU HAVE A TON OF
RESOURCES.
• I will list most in your lectures – will
most likely test on these
• Hint: The Netter Atlases have
comprehensive O/I, innervation, and
action tables at the end of each
section
REGIONAL VERSUS SYSTEMIC
ANATOMY
TISSUE
TYPES
TISSUES MAKE ORGANS
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Integumentary System
Structures
Functions
Skin (all parts)
Hypodermis
Associated glands
Hair
Nails
Temperature
regulation
Fluid homeostasis
Vitamin D synthesis
Sensation
Mediates healing
DIFFERENT
TYPES OF
EPITHELIAL
CELLS
STRUCTURE WILL MATCH FUNCTION!
SKIN ANATOMY
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM –
DEEP FASCIA
SKELETAL SYSTEM
SKELETAL SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
Locomotion
Organ
protection
Homeostasis
Facilitates
breathing
Blood and
immune
functions
BONE STRUCTURE
OVERVIEW
OSTEONS – FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF
COMPACT BONE
Bone cells
BONE STRUCTURE
• Compact bone (outside). 80% of mass. Strong and dense.
• Spongy/ cancellous/ trabecular bone (inside). 20% of mass.
More surface area and responds to dynamic changes.
Contains marrow which is the site of blood cell formation
(hematopoiesis) and destruction.
• Epiphysis: ends of long bones and contains spongy bones.
• Diaphysis: shaft of long bones and contains medullary
cavity.
• Metaphysis: found between epiphysis and diaphysis.
Contains epiphyseal line or plate (growth plate) in
children. Endochondral ossification occurs here and
contributes to growth of long bones.
BONES TYPES
BONY LANDMARKS
JOINTS
Tendon
Ligament
ARTICULAR SYSTEM – SYNOVIAL JOINTS
ARTICULAR SYSTEM – SYNOVIAL JOINTS
ARTICULAR SYSTEM – OTHER JOINTS
CARTILAGINOUS
FIBROUS
REFERENCES
• Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. (2017). Clinically oriented
anatomy (8th ed.). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
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