Points: Main Notes/Ideas Psych Definition Lecture Objective: Attend the correct Section!!/read course syllabus (look around brightspace) History of how we got to modern psych Career Paths In Psych Course Structure/Syllabus: PractQ is meant for textbook specific, Exam is for TextB & Lect Research assignments where you have to participate, up to % percent, look at SONA (Get in early/often) Distressing topics will be covered Types of Psych Dualism How Humanistic & Cognitive evolved/bra nched from Behaviouris m Aim of Psyc: To empathize (And or go further via medical means) Psych Def: Understand Human Behaviour TectB Def ● The science that studies behaviour/the cognitive processes that underlie it. ● The profession that applies the cumulative knowledge of the science to practical problems Look at the scientific process at how we study behavior Look at applications at the findings of this research Ancient Greek Both a Natural/Social Science, ie. understand physiological functions & Philosopher understand interactions with ppl s & their contribution How do we study all the complex factors/behaviours that affect us to Psych Gleick Analogy: ● People obey mathematical laws of surprising subtlety ● To understand people, even the smallest factors can make the largest differences ● No two snowflakes will be the same to to the environment, changing the snowflake even if identical at the start ● Overall, what Caused a snowflake to land at where they are, and why they’re shaped the way they are ● We are all alike, but all unique at the same time Trying to understand behaviour: ● Human Nature (We are all alike in some ways) ● Group Differences (some groups experience the same general things, shaping them to have a group of similarities others might not) ● Individual Uniqueness (very unique and studies the specific things, an example would be a case study) Types of Psych: ● Research: to study the behaviours in either ppl or animals, to try and understand behaviour ● Applied: How people use psychology for a variety of uses Modern Psych: ● Reflects historical development ● Has areas of specialization/subfields - Due to not knowing everything about psych because there’s too much Contemporary Psych:??? ● Modern psych ● Textbook ch 1 Areas of specialization Contemporary Psych: BioPsych - Look at the functioning of th different parts of the body in relation to the brain & neurons and how we inherit certain natures from environment or nature Cognitive Psych - Understand all parts of mental thinking ie. language, thoughts, memory, etc. - How do we process information though the body and how does previous experiences shape them for action Developmental Psych - Looking at the process of change throughout a lifespan - Interested in all parts of development, behaviour, creativity, relationships, etc. Personality Psych - Understand the core traits of a disposition - Look at all the different & all the factors that shape a person - What does it mean to have a specific personality trait Social Psych - Understand a person as they interact with others - How ppl are influenced by others (Including groups) - Could be imagined interactions!! Cultural Psych - Tied to Social Psych - What elements are Universal, & what are cultural Positive Psych (Humanistic Psych) - What are the elements of someone coping well with stress Forensic Psych - Psych within all elements of the law system Health Psych - What are the things that undermine a persons health - How to make it better and or prevent - Ex. Health Psych will help design green spaces within urban area. To help ppl Applied Psych Clinical Psychologist - Clinical focused - Patients are mostly ppl who do have some form of mental diagnosis - Sometimes will be a troubled person who just needs help with ideas - Counselor will council ie. family, marriage, school, etc. Many areas, ie - Marketing - Sports & Performance - Social Work - Assessment Technician - research Contemporary Subfields of Applied & what they do Clinical Psychologist - Work with patients & research treatments whatnot Counseling Psychologist - How do we identify & chande dysfunctional behavioural patterns in a relationship - How do we fix it School Psychologist - How do they accurately assess achievement levels of student - How do they promote academic success - What strats can be used to help with problems Industrial-Organizational Psychologist (IO Psychologist) - Works in large institutions with lots of ppl - How to improve job satisfaction & productivity Engineering Psychologist (Human-Computer interaction Psychologist) - Focus on how ppl interact with tech, whether it be physical or digital History of Psychology ● Initially rooted in Philosophy Early Psychology Theories ● Attempted to provide a universal account of fundamental Psychological processes and characteristics of the human species ● Eg. Freud's Psychodynamic theory (and his psychoanalysis of the mind) ● Went through fragmented stages & successive shift (ie. Structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviourism, humanism, cognitive, psych, biological, etc) Animism - Belief that isn't part of the material universe, ie souls, spirits, etc - Becomes hard to prove Rene Descartes ● Animals & ppl are grounded in the physical world Dualism: mind & body are two separate categories (Distinct entities) ● Body functions like a machine ● Mind isn’t grounded in the physical world Rationalism - Pursuit of truth through reason Empiricism - Pursuit of truth through observation and experience Materialism - Reality can only be understood by examining the physical world Structuralism: Examines the structure of the mind (ideas, sensations, etc.) Wilhelm Wundt tried to confirm his hypothesis that conscious mental life can be broken down into fundamental elements that form more complex things Functionalism: Interested in the purpose of behaviour, ie. what purpose does the thing serve? Behaviourism: Focus on observable behaviours and make ideas based on that - Can not speculate on non-observable traits, ie. thoughts, emotions, dreams, motives, Etc. Humanistic, Cognitive, Etc. TEXTBOOK NOTES: Wilheim Wundt Summary of lesson:
