RIZAL’S LIFE:
FAMILY and ANCESTORS
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DR. JOSE PROTACIO
RIZAL MERCADO y
ALONSO REALONDA
RIZAL’S LIFE
• Born in the lakeside town of
Calamba, Laguna, on the moonlit
night of June 19, 1861, between
eleven and twelve o'clock in the
morning.
• Pepe was the seventh child of
Don Francisco Mercado and
Dona Teodora Alonso
• He was named Jose Protacio in
honor of Saint Joseph and Saint
Protacio.
• Saint Joseph P.P (Pater Putativus)
RIZAL’S LIFE
• Rizal wrote in his diary, "Memoirs of
a Student in Manila," that his
mother had a difficult time giving
birth to him. It is said that Dona
Teodora made a pact with
Antipolo's Patroness, Our Lady of
Peace and Good Voyage, that she
would send the child she was
carrying on a pilgrimage to her
shrine once she had passed
through
the
difficult
birthing
process.
RIZAL’S LIFE
• Rizal was christened at the church on
June 22, 1861, when he was only
three days old. He was baptized by
Reverend Father Rufino Collantes,
and his godfather was Reverend
Father Pedro Casanas.
RIZAL’S LIFE
• Pepe's baptismal certificate was
unfortunately destroyed in a fire in
1862.
• It was only restored with the help of
eyewitnesses and under the
supervision of Father Leoncio
Lopez
• Pepe loved going to see Father
Lopez because he could talk to him
about anything.
• Father Lopez was the model for
Pepe's
portrayal
of
Father
Florentino in "El Filibusterismo."
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Rizal
Family
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R
I
Z
A
L
’
S
F
A
M
I
L
Y
• Don Francisco and Dona Teodora married on June, 28,
1848, were able to find joy and happiness. They have a
harmonious relationship in which affections are shared
among family members.
• They were firm believers in the adage "spare the rod, spoil
the child." If children are not disciplined decisively and are
never punished when they deserve it, they will become
spoiled or bad-mannered.
• Every day, especially on Sundays, they heard mass. Before
going to bed, they prayed the Angelus and the Holy Rosary
together at 6 a.m., 12 p.m., and 6 p.m. They were
Rizal’s Parents
• Don Francisco and Dona Teodora
• They had eleven children:
• Saturnina was born in 1850
• Paciano in 1851
• Narcisa in 1852
• Olimpia in 1855
• Lucia in 1857
• Maria in 1859
• Jose in 1861
• Concepcion in 1862
• Josefa in 1865
• Trinidad in 1868
• Soledad in 1870.
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Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro
• Born as the youngest of 13 children to
Cirila Alejandro and Juan Mercado on
May 11, 1818, in Binan, Laguna.
• He was from the fourth generation of a
Chinese immigrant named Domingo
Lamco who arrived in the late 1600.
• He’s early education he studied Latin,
and later went on to study philosophy and
Latin at the Colegio de San Jose in
Manila.
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Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro
• He was elected as Cabeza de Barangay, or head of
the Barangay.
• He was a Dominican state tenant and landowner in
Calamba, Laguna.
• His rented holdings increased as a result of his hard
work and dedication, and he built a stone house in the
town center. However, due to his failure in the agrarian
case with the friars, he was evicted from his house in
September 1899.
• He died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80.
• "model of fathers"
• A strong willed, educated and independent-minded
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Doña Teodora Morales Alonzo Realonda y Quintos
• On November 9, 1827, she was born in
Manila as the second child of Lorenzo
Alonso and Brigida de Quintos.
• She attended the College of Santa Rosa.
• She died on August 16, 1911, in Manila, at
the age of 85, in her home at San Fernando
Street in Binondo.
• The Philippine government offered her a life
pension shortly before her death.
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"My family has never been patriotic for money.
If the government has a surplus of funds and is
unsure what to do with them, it should lower
taxes.”
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Doña Teodora Morales Alonzo Realonda y Quintos
• She was a remarkable woman, with refined
culture, literary talent, business acumen and
the tenacity of Spartan women. Rizal penned
a poem about his adoring mother.
• Jose Rizal in his letter to Blumentritt which
read as follows:
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"My mother is not a woman of ordinary culture. She
is more knowledgeable about literature and speaks
more fluently than I do. When I was studying rhetoric,
she even corrected my poems and gave me sound
advice. She is a mathematician who has read a lot of
books. Her father, the Philippine delegate to the
Cortes, had presentation
been her
teacher."
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Rizal’s
Siblings
-Francisco Mercado and
Teodora Alonso had 11
children, with two boys and
nine girls.
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Saturnina (1850-1913)
• The eldest of the siblings and was
commonly referred to as Neneng.
• She attended La Concordia College
in Manila's Sta. Ana.
• Manuel Hidalgo of Tanauan,
Batangas, was her husband.
• In 1909, Dona Saturnina published
Pascual
Poblete's
Tagalog
translation of Noli Me Tangere.
• She passed away in 1913, at the
age of 63.
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Paciano (1851-1930)
• He was commonly referred to as Ciano.
• Prior to enrolling at the Colegio de San
Jose in Manila, he studied Latin with
Maestro Justiniano Cruz.
• Jose referred to him as "Uto"
• Many people thought he was the
Pilosopong Tasio mentioned in Noli Me
Tangere.
• He was apprehended by American forces in
1900 as a result of his involvement as
military commander.
• Prior to his death, he led a simple life as a
farmer.
• He married his common-law wife, Severina
Decena, and they had two children.
• He
died of tuberculosis at the age
of 79.
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Narcisa (1852-1939)
• She was called Sisa by her siblings.
• It was believed that she also supported
her brother Jose's studies abroad and
perhaps the only amongst the siblings
that could narrate the poems of Jose.
• She was married to Antonio Lopez, a
teacher and musician.
• Rizal's remains were buried in an
unmarked grave in the Cementerio
General de Paco. After a two-day
search, his sister Narcisa discovered it.
• To mislead authorities, she placed a
marble marker given by Doroteo
Ongjunco with the initials R.P.J.
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Olimpia (1855-1887)
• Was called as Ypia. She was married
to Silvestro Ubaldo, a telegraph
operator from Manila.
• Jose loved to tease her, sometimes
good-humoredly describing her as his
stout sister.
• Jose's first love, Segunda Katigbak,
was Olimpia's schoolmate at the La
Concordia College.
• Rizal confided to Olympia about
Segunda and the sister willingly
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served as the mediator between
the
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Lucia (1857-1919)
• She married Mariano Herbosa
and they had five children.
• Mariano died in 1889 as a result
of an epidemic, but he was
denied a Christian burial. This
was due to the fact that he was
Jose Rizal's brother-in-law.
• This marked the beginning of the
Rizal family's persecution by
Spanish friars. Lucia passed
away in 1919.
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Maria (1859-1945)
• She married Daniel Faustino
Cruz of Binan, Laguna, and they
had five children together.
• One of Maria's children, Mauricio
Cruz, became a student of Jose
Rizal in Dapitan and was known
to be one of his uncle's favorites.
• During Jose's lifetime, Maria
was a known recipient of many
of his letters. Maria passed away
in 1945.
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Concepcion (1862-1865)
• was called as Concha.
She died at the age of
three.
Josefa (1865-1945)
• She was unmarried and
lived with sister Trinidad
until death.
• Josefa was said to
have
suffered
from
epilepsy. She died in
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Trinidad (1868-1951)
• She remained single and shared a home with her
sister Josefa.
• Trinidad was the one who received from Jose an
alcohol lamp in which he secretly hid the Last
Farewell, also known as "Mi Ultimos Adios," a
poem Rizal wrote on the eve of his death in 1896.
• Trinidad died in 1951, having outlived all of her
siblings.
Soledad (1870-1929)
• Soledad Rizal Quintero was the youngest of the
Rizal siblings, born in 1870.
• She married Pantaleon Quintero and they had five
children.
• Soledad passed away in 1929.
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• Rizal was close to all of his siblings. His relationship with his
only brother, Paciano, was, however, more than that of an
older brother. Paciano took on the role of Rizal's second
father. Rizal admired him and valued all of his advice.
Paciano accompanied Rizal to his first day of school in
Binan. Paciano also persuaded Rizal to pursue higher
education in Europe. He was sending Rizal his allowance
while he was studying abroad
• Rizal's sisters, despite not holding significant government
positions, were crucial to the family's unity and moral
support. Despite persecution and deportation, there was no
resistance from the family, including the sons-in-law. Rizal's
sisters' care during his deportation and his stay in Hongkong
was exceptional. All ofpresentation
this titledemonstrates the family's24
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Rizal’s
Ancestors
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RIZAL’S ANCESTOR
The Rizal family was a mix of races as
Principales. Jose had Chinese ancestors
on his father's side and Japanese
ancestors on his mother's side. According
to a recent study, his mother is from Rajah
Lakandula. In short, his ancestry can also
be traced back to Malayan and
Indonesian genes, resulting in a truly
magnificent blend of bloods.
Domingo Lamco
• Jose Rizal's great-great grandfather on
his patrilineal side.
• A native Chinese of Sionggue, City of
Changchow, Province of Fukien.
• He arrived in Manila around 1690
• Lamco became a Christian because he
wished to be a Catholic.
• She married Ines de la Rosa, a wealthy
Chinese Christian lady from Manila.
• He decided to change his surname to
"Mercado" in 1731.
• Their union produced two children,
Francisco and Josefa, who died five days
after her birth.
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Francisco Mercado
• Jose's great grandfather, named after an uncle and
a friar scholar in Manila.
• In the Hacienda San Pedro Tunasan, he married
Cirila Bernacha (also known as Bernarda Monicha),
a Chinese-Filipino mestiza.
• He lived in Binan and was eventually elected as the
town's Gobernadorcillo.
• They had two children before his death in 1801, Juan
and Clemente.
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Juan Mercado
• Jose's grandfather
• elected
as
Gobernadorcillo,
and
was
affectionately known as Kapitan Juan by many.
• He was elected three times, in 1808, 1813, and
1823, and served as Hermano Mayor on several
occasions.
• He married Cirila Alejandra, the daughter of
Juan Siongco.
• They had 12 children, the youngest of whom
was Jose's father, Francisco Mercado.
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• Jose Rizal's matrilineal descent can be traced back to
Lakandula
• Eugenio Ursua, Dona Teodora's great-grandfather,
was of Japanese ancestry and married a Filipina
named Benigna.
• They had a daughter named Regina, who married a
Chinese lawyer named Manuel de Quintos from
Pangasinan.
• Brigida, one of their daughters, married Lorenzo
Alberto Alonso, a deputy for the Philippines in the
Spanish Cortes, and was a prominent Bian SpanishFilipino mestizo.
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RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD
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• They lived on the Laguna Lake's shore and at the
foot of Mt. Makiling. He enjoyed seeing the
magnificent beauty of Laguna de Bay.
• His eagerness to learn can be used to characterize
his childhood.
• He was an amiable, thoughtful and loving son,
brother and sibling. Because he was frail and
sickly, his parents lavished him with tender loving
care. Despite his physique, he can do things like any
other young man.
• When he was three years old, his mother taught him
the alphabet and how to pray.
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• His mother noticed that he could write poems at a young
age and encouraged him to keep writing.
• "In Memory of My Town," (Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo).
A poem about his love for his hometown, reminiscing about his
beautiful memories as a young boy and cherishing the scenic
beauty of his hometown.
• His father built him a small nipa hut that served as both a
sanctuary for him to play with his siblings and a resting
place for him.
• He was also attended to by an Aya (nurse maid) hired
by his father to look after his needs. His nurse maid told
him ghost stories, treasure stories, legends, and folktales.
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thank you
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