INTERNATIONALIZATION
MULTINATIONAL
ENTERPRISES AND
BORN GLOBAL
COMPANIES
From incremental to born global
Knight & Liesch (2016).
Well-established MNE applying a
logic of monopolistic or oligopolistic
rents, efficiency-seeking, and
power, to a logic of young,
resource-constrained firms
emphasizing a logic of profit,
opportunity creation, and
resourceful innovativeness
BG´s are those companies that
conduct international business at or
near their founding.
They tend to internationalize faster
than described by traditional
perspectives which have observed
that internationalizing firms
often operate in domestic markets
before venturing overseas
RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES
FACTORS
FUTURE
RESEARCH
Resources, capabilities,
and strategies are
important antecedents,
mediators and
moderators that impact
internationalization,
performance and the
long-term survival of
BGs.
The role of digitalization
and servitization on
BG international
opportunity discovery
and exploitation.
Technologies in
communications and
other areas have hugely
influenced the rise of BG
firms.
Integrate
entrepreneurship and
international perspectives
to create new models that
advance an opportunitybased understanding of
international
entrepreneurship.
THE RISE OF BG FIRMS SIGNALS
Future research
Early and rapid adopters of
internationalization.
Knowledge
International business field substantially evolved
from theorizing the MNE
Trend
Newer forms of internationalizing
firms invite robust theorization.
By the 2000s, scholars highlighted
factors in the firm’s external
environment thought to drive early
internationalization, including
the liberalization of international
markets, advances in information
and communications technologies,
and emergence of the
Internet.