Causes and Risk Factors
Expected Signs and Symptoms
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Low back pain
Blood in urine
Chills
Fever
Feeling of “impending doom”
SOB
N/V
Increased HR
CP
Jaundice
A  B or AB
B  A or AB
O  A, B, or AB
AB  A, B, AB, or O
Clerical error
Exposure
The blood and the patient both need extensive testing
done BEFORE infusion to avoid reaction
Disease or Condition (Define and Describe)
ABO Reaction
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This occurs when a patient has received a blood transfusion that is incompatible with
their original blood type, which causes antibodies to react against the other blood type.
Blood Types:
o A, B, AB, O
O – universal DONOR
AB – universal RECIEVER
Patient Education
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Nursing Interventions and Treatments
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Know and understand the signs and symptoms of a
reaction
Always communicate with healthcare staff during
transfusion of ANY concern
Consent forms
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Blood Test
o Hbg decreases
o Bilirubin increased
o LDH increased
o BUN & creatinine increased
o + DAT
Urine Test
o Blood due to the breakdown of RBCs
Redo Type, Screen & Match
STOP TRANSFUSION IMMEDIATELY
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Administer IV fluids, antihistamines, steroids
References
Capriotti, T. (2020) Davis advantage for pathophysiology: Introductory concepts and clinical perspectives. (2nd ed.). F.A. Davis
Company.