Smart Shoe Navigation System for Blind Person:
Integrating Arduino with Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
A Capstone Project Presented to
the faculty of the College of Computer Studies
School of ICCT Colleges Foundation, Inc
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
By
Baltazar, Kenrick S.
Benipayo, Blessie Mae B.
Boco, Michael Angelo S.
Javier, Revelyn B.
Oliveros, Alyssanans B.
Regondon, Denmark N.
Revilla, Christian B.
Romero, Stanley M.
Samson Maryjean O.
Tupaz, Stephen T.
August 2024
APPROVAL SHEET
The capstone project entitled “Smart Shoe Navigation System for blind
Person Integrating Arduino with Ultrasonic Distance Sensor” prepared
and submitted by Kenrick S. Baltazar, Blessie Mae B. Benipayo, Michael
Angelo S. Boco, Revelyn B. Javier, Alyssanans B. Oliveros, Denmark N.
Regondon, Christian B. Revilla, Stanley M. Romero, Maryjean O. Samson,
and Stephen T. Tupaz in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Name of Degree and Major to be Completed by the Student has been
examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval.
Jerico M. Vilog
Adviser
APPROVED BY
_________________________
_________________________
Panel Evaluator
Panel Evaluator
_________________________
_________________________
Panel Evaluator
Panel Evaluator
Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor
of Science in Information Technology.
Mr. Jerico M. Vilog
Officer in Charge, College of Computer Studies
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to extend their high thanks and gratitude to
the following people for being a part of the success of this study. Their
contribution was indeed appreciated by the researchers.
First and foremost, to the God Almighty for without his Grace and Gifts
of wisdom, this study would have not been possible.
To their Thesis Adviser, Mr. Jerico S. Vilog: for guiding the researchers
throughout the entire study.
And last but not the least, to the Blind Person who had agreed to partake
in the study to gather the necessary data for the research- for their notable
support, participation and time in terms of providing the researchers all the
needed information for the paper.
ABSTRACT
The Smart Shoe Navigation System one promising tool to help visually impaired
people to navigate their environment more independently and confidently is the Smart Shoe
Navigation System. The goal of this project is to combine an ultrasonic distance sensor,
vibration motor, switch, lithium battery, charger module and Arduino microcontroller to
develop a wearable device that helps the blind to navigate their surroundings and identify
obstructions. The ultrasonic sensor’s real-time distance measurements are used by the
system to notify the user of approaching obstacle by means of hearing or audible input. The
goal of this innovative navigation system is to improve mobility and quality of life for the
visually impaired population by utilizing integrated electronics and sensor technology.
The scope of this research is to review some existing literature on supporting technologies for
visually impaired individuals. Focusing on tracking systems and wearable devices and look
into previous research on integrating ultrasonic distance sensor with microcontrollers,
particularly Arduino platforms. Overall, the research will focus on hardware and software
development, sensor integration, user testing, application the way to notify a through by
hearing and ethical challenges to ensure the effectiveness, usability and integrity of the
suggested solution for assistive technology.
Table of Contents
TITLE PAGE ………………………………………………………………………………
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………………………….....i
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………...ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………….....iii
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………...
Background of the Study .......................................................................1
Statement of the Problem ......................................................................3
Significance of the Study........................................................................4
Scope and Delimitations .......................................................................5
CHAPTER 2. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND ....................................................
Hardware ..............................................................................................6
Software ................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 3. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................
Review of Related Literature and Studies ................................................
Conceptual Model of the Study ...............................................................
Definition of Terms ..................................................................................
CHAPTER 4. RESEARCH DESIGN ..................................................................
Methods of Research ...............................................................................
Source of Data .........................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................26
APENDIXES ..................................................................................................28
Researchers Profile .............................................................................28
Curriculum Vitae .................................................................................37
Copy of Project Design ........................................................................38
iii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the introduction, background of the study,
statement of the problem, significance of the study, scope and delimitations
and used in the study.
Background of the Study
Technology is big help for everyone it also enhances usability, the
integration of Arduino technology with assistive devices has led to technical
advancements. According to World Health Organization (Who,2019). Blindness
is a serious disability in the present at least 2.2 billion people around the
world have a vision impairment, of whom at least 1 billion have a vision
impairment that could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed. making
it more difficult for them independently navigate and engage with their
environment. Although they have canes and guide dogs are examples of
conventional ways that provide support, their ability of providing appropriate
directional signals and real-time feedback is limited. Innovation in solving
these problems has become possible because of technological developments.
Wearable technology has become an affordable way of improving the mobility
and independence of people with visual impairments. Among these
innovations, smart shoe navigation systems are generating interest due to their
ability to offer hands-free, independent and smooth navigation support.
INTRODUCTION
1
These systems are designed to provide route direction, obstacle recognition
and real-time navigation indicators by combining sensors, microcontrollers,
and mechanism for feedback This incorporation of the these technologies has
the ability to lessen various obstacle encountered by those with
visual
disabilities when navigating first off, the system’s use of ultrasonic sensors and
application for reminding through hearing allows it precisely identify
impediments and quickly alert the user, giving them the confidence and
simple user experience is guaranteed by the tactful positioning of sensors
within the user’s shoes enabling a smooth integration into regular activities.
Statement of the Problem
The Smart Shoe Navigating System aims to address the challenges
faced by visually impaired individuals when navigating independently by
providing real-time navigation guidance, obstacle detection, wayfinding
assistance, environmental awareness, and a user-friendly interface. By tackling
these issues, the system seeks to enhance the mobility, safety, and overall
quality of life for blind people.
In this research, we aim to answer the following questions:
1. How can the Smart Shoe Navigation System effective by integrate Arduino
with ultrasonic distance sensors to provide real-time navigation assistance for
blind person in terms of the following variable:
1.1 Sensor Placement and Configuration
INTRODUCTION
2
1.2 Arduino Programming and Data Processing
1.3 Communication and Feedback Mechanisms
2. What characteristic and components of the interface design are necessary
to guarantee that the Smart Shoe Navigation System is adaptive and userfriendly for blind person? in terms of the following variable:
2.1 Accessibility Features
2.2 Customization Options
2.3 Ease of Navigation and Interaction
3. How can the accuracy and reliability of sensor integration be enhanced to
guarantee the Smart Shoe Navigation System operates efficiently in variety of
environmental circumstances in terms of the following variables:
3.1 Sensor Calibration Techniques
3.2 Environmental Noise Mitigation Strategies
3.3 Sensor Fusion and Redundancy Mechanism
INTRODUCTION
3
Significance of the Study
This study aims to examine the design, implementation, and evaluation of the
Smart Shoe Navigation System, focusing on its usability, efficiency, and
practicality in real-world scenarios.
Visually Impaired Individuals. The most significant beneficiaries are
visually impaired individuals who will be able navigate around more
independently and freely through the use of the Smart Shoe Navigation
System.
Caregivers and Family Members. This project is setting up indirectly
benefits family members and caregivers of visually impaired people by
easing their worries about the safety and wellbeing of their loved ones.
Researcher and Developer. Researchers and developers in the field of
assistive technology benefit from the insights gained through the development
and execution of the Smart Shoe Navigation System.
Proponents and Organization. Innovations in assistive technology, like the
Smart Shoe Navigation System, are beneficial to organizations and advocates
that support accessibility for people with impairments.
Institution of Education. Educational institution offering computer science,
engineering, and disability studies programs benefit from involving students
in valuable research and development initiatives such as the Smart Shoe
Navigation System.
INTRODUCTION
4
Scope and Delimitation
The general purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness and
function ability
of the integration of the Smart Shoe Navigation System to the Blind Person.
The researchers limited the study to twenty (20) Blind Person. Located at Pasig
City area.
Each of the respondents will attempt to wear Smart Shoe and will be given a
survey for the researchers get their point of views. The Blind Person selected
came from Pasig City Area.
CHAPTER 2
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
This chapter includes the technical background, Software development,
hardware development, technical specification and how project will work.
Technicality of the Project
Visually impaired individuals face significant challenger in navigating
their surroundings independently, often relying on assistance from others or
using aids such as canes. However, these aids have limitations, especially in
detecting obstacles at a distance. To address this issue, our capstone
integrated into shoes. This system utilizes an Arduino Nano microcontroller,
INTRODUCTION
5
ultrasonic sensor, and feedback mechanisms to provide real-time alerts about
nearby obstacles. By addressing the limitations of existing aids, our project
aims to enhance the mobility and independence of visually impaired
individuals in navigating their environment safely.
Details of the technologies to be used
In developing the project, the following technology tools will be used:
Software
Arduino IDE
The project utilizes the Arduino Nano microcontroller programmed
using the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE), along with
ultrasonic sensors, feedback mechanisms like buzzers and vibration motors,
and charging module, to detect obstacles within 30cm range and provide realtime alerts to visually impaired individuals, enhancing their navigation and
safety.
Hardware

The Arduino Nano serves as the central
processing unit of the project. It is
selected for its compact size, low power
consumption, and sufficient processing
Arduino Nano
Microcontroller
capabilities

The microcontroller interfaces with the
INTRODUCTION
6
ultrasonic sensor, processes data, and
controls the activation of feedback
mechanisms
based
on
obstacle
detection.

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor is a key
component of the obstacle detection
system.
It
operates
by
emitting
ultrasonic waves and measuring the
Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-
time it takes for the waves to bounce
SR04)
back
from
obstacles.
The
sensor
accurately calculates the distance to
detected obstacles with in a range of 50
cm. its integration into the wearable
show system.

Buzzer: The buzzer provides auditory
alerts to the user upon detecting an
obstacle within the specified range. This
auditory feedback is crucial for alerting
visually
Feedback Mechanisms
impaired
individuals
to
potential hazards in their path, ensuring
prompt action to avoid collisions.

Vibration Motor: A vibration motor is
INTRODUCTION
7
incorporated
to
provide
tactile
feedback to the user. Vibrations serve
as an additional sensory cue, enhancing
the user’s awareness of obstacles and
facilitating timely adjustments in their
movement.

A tactile switch is strategically placed
on the back of the shoes to prevent false
positive outputs when the user steps up.
Tactile Switch

This switch ensures that the system only
activates when the user’s foot is on the
ground, minimizing unnecessary alerts
and improving the system’s reliability.

3.7 Rechargeable Battery: The system is
powered by a 3.7V packed with 550
milliampere
rechargeable
battery,
providing approximately 8 hours of
continuous operation on a full charge
Power Supply

The
rechargeable
battery
offers
portability and convenience, allowing
the users to use the system throughout
the day without the need for frequent
INTRODUCTION
8
battery replacements

TP4056
Adjustable
Step-up
Module
(Type-C): This module charges the 3.7V
rechargeable battery and provides a
stable current output for powering the
Arduino Nano and other components.
o Positive (+) output: Connected to the
VIN pin of the Arduino Nano.
o Negative (-) output: Connected to the
GND pin of the Arduino Nano.
o Charging
Input:
Connected
to
an
external power source for charging the
battery

A voltage regulator is integrated into
the system to stabilize the power output
supply and prevent voltage fluctuations.
Voltage Regulator (9V)

This ensures consistent performance of
the
Arduino
Nano
and
other
components, even when the battery
voltage varies.

Wiring and Connections
Positive (+) connection: Red-colored
wire.
INTRODUCTION
9

Negative (-) connection: Brown-colored
wire.
Technical Specification
Specifications






1. Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
Working Voltage: DC 5V
Working Current: 15mA
Working Frequency: 40Hz
Max Range: 4m
Min Range: 2m
Measure Angel: 15 degrees
Dimensions: 45 * 20 * 15mm
Product Features

Data Sheet
Ultrasonic sensor module HC –
SR04 provides 2cm to 400cm noncontact measurement function, the
ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm.
INTRODUCTION
10
the modules includes ultrasonic
transmitters, receiver and control
circuit.
Wire connecting direct as following

5V Supply

Trigger Pulse Input

Echo Pulse Output

0V Ground
Electric Parameter
Working Voltage
DC 5V
Working Current
15 mA
Working Frequency
40 Hz
Max Range
4m
Min Range
2cm
Measuring Angle
15 Degree
Trigger Input Signal
10 microseconds TTL pulse
Echo Output Signal
Input TTL lever signal and the
range in proportion
Dimension
45*20*15mm
INTRODUCTION
11
Timing
It only needs to supply a short
10µs pulse to the trigger input to
start the ranging,
and then the module will send
out an 8cycle ultrasound at 40kHz
and raise its
Formula: µs / 58 = centimeters or
echo. The Echo is a distance µs / 148 = inch; or: the range =
object that is pulse width and the high level time
range in
* Velocity (340M/S) / 2.
proportion. It can calculate the
range through the time interval
between sending
the trigger signal and receiving
echo signal.
Specifications
Buzzer 5V (SFM27

Working Voltage: DC 3 – 24V

Rated Voltage: DC 12V

Rated Current: 30mA

Sound Output: 85dB

Module
Size:
30
*
15
/
1.18
*
0.59inch(D*T)
INTRODUCTION
12

Data Sheet
It can support DC 3 –
24V power supply and
produce
continuous
high-decibel sound up
to
85dB.
30mm
diameter and 15mm
thickness with 2 wires.
Electric Parameter
Type
Unit
SFM27
Operating Voltage
V
3-24
Sound Output
dB
>= 95 at 12VDC/10cm
Rated Current
mA
<= 12 at 12VCD
Resonant Frequency
Hz
3000±500
Operating Temperature
℃
-20 -+ 60
Storage Temperature
℃
-30 -+ 70
INTRODUCTION
13
Figure 1 .3
Vibration Motor 5V

Specifications
Operating Voltage: 3 –
5.3VDC

Operating Current: Max.
60mA

Start-up Current: Max 90mA

Insulation Resistance:
10Mohm

Weight: 2.7g
Features

Motor Voltage: 5V o Working

Voltage: 3V – 5.3V o Speed: 9000

Rpm (Min) o Motor Current: 60mA
(Max)
Data Sheet

Starting
Current:
90Ma
(Max)
o
Starting

Voltage: 3.7V o Insulation Resistance:
10Mohm

Compatibility: Compatible with
INTRODUCTION
14

UNO/Mega2560 o Pin Numbers: 3 o
Size: 21mm * 30mm
Specifications
Mechanical:

Stroke: (12 * 12) 0.35 ± 0.1 mm

Operating Temperature: -25℃ to +70℃

Storage Temperature: -30℃ to + 80℃

Vibration Test: MIIL-STD-202F method 201 A Frequency: 10 - 55 – 10Hz / 1 minute.
Tactile Switch

Directions: X, Y, Z three mutually perpendicular
directions.

Time: 2 Hours each direction

Shock Test: MIL-STD-202F method 213 B

Electrical:

Current Rating: 50mA, 12 V dc

Maximum Contact Resistance: 100 mΩ

Insulation Resistance: 10 mΩ 500 V dc
INTRODUCTION
15

Dielectric Strength: 250V ac / 1 minute

Maximum Wave Solder: 260°C 5 s 1.6 mm PCB

Hand Solder: 320 °C 2 s 30 W iron

PCB Hole Diameter: 1 ±0.05 mm
Mechanical Characteristics
3.7v Lithium-Polymer Rechargeable
Battery (550 mAh)

Cell: LP373645

PCM: Yes

NTC: No

Configuration: 1S1P

Weight: 11g

Rated Capacity: 550 mAh
(Min), 555mAh (Max)
Electrical Specifications

Nominal Voltage: 3.7V

Wat-Hour Rating: 2.035Wh
INTRODUCTION
16

Max. Operating Voltage
Range: 2.75 to 4.20V

Max. Charge Voltage: 4.2V

Max. Charge Current: 275mA

Standard Charge Current:
110mA

Max. Continuous Discharge
Current: 550mA

Standard Discharge Current: 275mA

Discharge Cut Off: 2.75V

Expected Cycle Life: 500 Cycles

Cell Protection:

Overcharge Protection: 4.275
±50mV (0.7 to 1.3sec. delay, release
4.275V ±50mV)

Over discharge Detection: 2.75V
±50mV (14 to 26msec. delay,
resume 2.50V ±50mV)

Over Current Detection: 2A to
4.5A(8 to 16msec, delay)

Ambient Conditions:

Charge Temp Range: 0 to +45 °C

Discharge Temp. Range: 20 to +60
INTRODUCTION
17
℃

Storage Temp. Range: 1 year at -20
to +30°C 70%, 3 moths at -20 to
+45°C >70%,1 month at -20 to
+60°C >70%, 65 ±20%RH.
How the project will work
The project works by utilizing an Arduino Nano microcontroller
integrated with ultrasonic sensor, feedback mechanisms such as buzzers and
vibration motors to detect obstacles with in a 30cm range, providing real-time
alerts to visually impaired individuals through auditory and tactile cues, thus
enhancing their navigation and safety.
CHAPTER 3
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the relevant literature and studies that the
researcher considered in strengthening the importance of the present study.
It also presents the synthesis of the art to fully understand the research for
better comprehension of the study
Review of local literature
INTRODUCTION
18
Smart Stick for the Visually Impaired Person.
“Smart Stick for Visually Impaired Person”. According Merencilla, N. E.
et al. (2021). By using the Smart Navigation Attach for the Visually Impaired
Person, they may navigate across rough and level surfaces with excellent
confidence, decreasing the risk of injuries and accidents. The tool will
produce
a
sound
through
the
buzzer
device.
The
Arduino
Nano
microcontroller is connected to the following components: the sound
component, the voice synthesizer, the obstacle detection component, the
surface detection component, and the hand detection component. After 20
testing trials in each of the system's components, the prototype was evaluated
taking into account all of the previously stated modules, and it achieved a
success rate of 95 to 100%. This literature represents a significant
breakthrough in navigation assistance technology for the visually impaired
community. This innovative tool integrates multiple components, including a
sound device, voice synthesizer, obstacle detection, surface detection, and
hand detection, all controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller.
Empowering Blind Mobility by Using Assistive Technology.
“Empowering Blind Mobility by Using Assistive Technology”. A Stated
by Merencilla, N. E. et al. (2021). There is always space for improvement when
it comes to assistive technologies for blind mobilization. To enable for them to
move around the surrounding freely, they created guiding stick-shaped
assistive device with a microcontroller that senses its environment through a
INTRODUCTION
19
sensor and employ radio technology to transmit that data to the device's user
through an audio output regularity. In the pursuit of empowering blind
individuals with greater mobility, Merencilla, N. E. et al. (2021) highlight the
continual need for advancement in assistive technologies. Recognizing this
imperative, they devised a guiding stick-shaped assistive device equipped
with a microcontroller.
Low-Cost Assistive Technologies for Disabled People Using Open-Source
Hardware and Software
“Low-Cost Assistive Technologies for Disabled People Using Open-Source
Hardware and Software”. as Stated by J. Á. Ariza and J. M. Pearce (2022). One of
these obstacles relates to the cost and availability of assistive technologies,
which improve these people's quality of life. Enhancing the quality of life,
independence, and development of individuals with disabilities is a major task
for assistive technology (ATs), which ensures the fulfillment of the previous
ideas and articles. Any item, piece of machinery, or product system—whether
purchased commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized that is used to
maintain, improve, or increase the functional capabilities of people with
disabilities is referred to as an assistive technology (AT). Additionally, any
adaptive device or service that promotes participation, achievement, or
independence in the life of the person with a disability is also considered an
AT. n their study, Ariza and Pearce (2022) underscore the significant role of
low-cost assistive technologies (ATs) in enhancing the quality of life,
INTRODUCTION
20
independence, and overall development of individuals with disabilities. They
highlight the persistent challenge posed by the cost and accessibility of ATs,
which are essential for fulfilling the needs and aspirations of this
demographic.
Eye health of Filipinos need more attention
“Eye health of Filipinos need more attention”. Visual impairment
affects many lives globally and, in the Philippines, there are about 332,150
bilaterally blind people (DOH, 2017). However, despite the growing number of
visual impairments in the country, eye care is still the least priority in public
health (Robles, 2018). This journal highlights the pressing need for greater
attention and resources to address visual impairments and improve access to
eye care services in the Philippines.
Disability and Gender: The Case of the Philippines
Disability is a growing concern in developing countries like the
Philippines. The World Bank estimates that 20% of the world’s people have
some kind of disability. Apart from poverty, discrimination and prejudice are
the major challenges that persons with disabilities face in their everyday life.
There are different kinds of disabilities and some of these are autism, mental
illness, physical disability and vision loss and blindness (Mina and
Tabuga,2011).
INTRODUCTION
21
Review of local studies
Developing a Prototype Device for Visually Impaired People
“Developing a Prototype Device for Visually Impaired People”. As
stated by Brian A. Alabado1 (Punla Vol 4. 2021). It focuses on developing a
prototype device for visually impaired people. It is initiated because of the
numerous blind people in the Philippines who cannot afford expensive
equipment for their everyday navigation. In this situation, the study about
providing a solution to vision-related issues is necessary to help them become
active in their lives. This is especially to those who completely lost their vision
because of the error in eye refraction and other kinds of eye disease. It
Synthesizing the development of prototype devices for visually impaired
individuals represents a significant step towards addressing the challenges of
accessibility and independence. By prioritizing affordability and practicality,
such initiatives contribute to the empowerment and inclusion of visually
impaired individuals, ultimately enriching their quality of life.
Inexpensive Prototype Navigational Device
“Inexpensive Navigational Device”. According to Brian A. Alabado1
(Punla Vol 4. 2021). The overall expenses are low, which makes it affordable.
It can be affordable for visually impaired people who cannot acquire
advanced and expensive equipment usually available in foreign countries.
This synthesis highlights the transformative potential of Alabado's innovation
INTRODUCTION
22
in providing affordable navigation solutions for visually impaired individuals.
By minimizing costs, Alabado's device opens up new possibilities for
independence and mobility, empowering individuals who may otherwise face
barriers to accessing essential tools for navigation.
Sensor Based Assistive for Blind Person
“Sensor bases Assistive for Blind Person”. As states by Erin Faith C.
Bermudo.etal (2020). To solve these limitations, different blind assistive
devices have been proposed. Assistive devices today make use of a variety of
sensors, specifically
ultrasonic
sensors
(Elmannai
&
Elleithy, 2017).
Additionally, these sensors appear to be suitable in the context of this study
since they can detect almost all types of materials, are low cost, and are
unaffected by small temperature changes (Gillespie, 2019).
Enhancing Independence and Safety for the Visually Impaired
“Enhancing Independence and safety for the visually Impaired”. According to
Erin Faith C. Bermudo et al. (2020). The findings of this study will benefit the
visually impaired community, as this study aims to develop a device that may
increase their degree of independence so they could navigate around a flat
and a rocky terrain without worrying about their safety. Also, communities in
which they belong to would be more confident in the safety of the visually
impaired and they would no longer need to avoid their path.
INTRODUCTION
23
Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in IoT Smart Shoe
Helping Rehabilitation for Visually Challenged People.
“Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in IoT Smart Shoe
Helping Rehabilitation for Visually Challenged People”. As Stated by
Hambarde, A. S. et al. (2023). The most significant issue comes when persons
migrate. A person carrying a weapon can't possibly be conscious of
everything that could be in their path. This unique style of shoe offers blind
individuals a long-term solution for independent walking. Thanks to safety
features, this innovative shoe can help those with impaired vision to get to
their destination independently. The shoe's design integrates sensors,
microcontrollers, and buzzers, all of which are made possible by Internet of
Things technology. As soon as you put on the shoe, you'll know the moment it
sees something in your way. then by making a buzzing sound. Using sensors
and IoT, intelligent glasses. is about to an end. By implementing into thought a
greater range of potential issues, it also helps in identifying of prospective
issues. The wearer of the smart shoe is protected against barriers in his path
by the shoes' mutual sharing of information. A secure and independent means
of fulfilling what they want. The synthesis of the implementation of Machine
Learning Algorithms in IoT smart shoes aiding rehabilitation for visually
challenged individuals, as discussed by Hambarde et al. (2023), underscores
the profound impact of technological innovation in addressing mobility
challenges. The primary concern addressed is the safety and independence
INTRODUCTION
24
of visually impaired individuals, particularly during migration, where
conventional aids may fall short.
Review of foreign literature
An Overview of IoT Sensor Data Processing, Fusion, and Analysis
Techniques.
“An overview of IoT Sensor Data Processing, Fusion”, and Analysis
Techniques. According to Rajalakshmi Krishnamurthi et al. (2020). In the
recent era of the Internet of Things, the dominant role of sensors and the
Internet provides a solution to a wide variety of real-life problems.
Additionally, the majority of IoT sensor data incorporate real-time processing
for industrial applications, healthcare, and scientific activities. For example,
the healthcare body sensors to monitor the patients’ critical conditions would
generate massively voluminous data. These sensed data must be processed to
remove uncertainties for further data analysis, so as to develop knowledge
and decision-making. Thus, the data processing layer targets different
functions, such as data denoising, data outlier detection, missing data
imputation and data aggregation. The role of IoT sensor data processing in
enhancing decision-making across diverse domains. By leveraging advanced
processing techniques, organizations can derive actionable insights from
voluminous datasets, leading to more informed and effective strategies.
INTRODUCTION
25
Ultimately, the integration of IoT sensor data processing to promotes
innovation and drives progress in addressing complex real-world challenges.
Implementing Technology in the Medical Field
Implementing technology in the medical field is one of the
commitments of innovation that medical students can use for further
information and studies. According to Sherman (2014), medical technology is
responsible for the quality of life and increases an individual's life expectancy.
A Low-Cost IoT based Navigation Assistance for visually Impaired
Person
A Low Cost IoT based Navigation Assistance for visually Impaired
Person defined by Anurag Patil et al. (2023), The Smart Shoe is an adaptive
technology that can significantly improve the accessibility and comfort of
living for individuals who are visually impaired. The proposed system
presents a promising solution to address the challenges faced by visually
impaired individuals in daily life. The study addressing the impact of
accommodating technologies like IoT-based Smart Shoe navigation System
can have on the lives of visually impaired individuals. By providing innovative
solutions in daily problems.
Wearable Assistive Devices for Visually Impaired: A State-of-the-Art
Survey
INTRODUCTION
26
Wearable Assistive Devices for visually Impaired: A State-of-the-Art
According to Ruxandra Tapu et al. (2020) After analyzing the state-of-the-art
developments in the area of assistive devices dedicated to blind/VI users, we
have observed that despite promising potential and many years of research,
sensorial/camera-based substitution devices have not been widely adopted
[100]. According to the review, there can be obstacles preventing blind or VI
people from adopting wearable assistive technology, even with all of its
potential advantages. These obstacles may be caused by things like cost,
societal approval, usability, or accessibility.
Effects of Vision Loss
As Morse (2019) stated, the effects of vision loss on an individual can lead to
depression. People who lost their vision have two to three more chances to be
depressed than the general population. the significant implications of vision
loss beyond its physical constraints.it highlights It the necessity for
comprehensive
support
systems
and
interventions
to
address
the
psychological well-being of individuals navigating vision impairment. By
acknowledging and understanding the psychological toll of vision loss,
stakeholders can better tailor resources and initiatives to mitigate the risk of
depression and promote holistic wellness among affected individuals.
Review of foreign studies
DISTANCE MEASUREMENT USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR & ARDUINO
INTRODUCTION
27
Distance Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensor & Arduino. According
to Jasmin Akter et al. (2022). Distance measurement of an object in front or by
the side of the moving entity is required in large number of devices. These
devices may be small or large and can be quite simple or complicated.
Distance measurement has important applications in automotive and industrial
applications. The distance measurement through sensors is useful in detecting
obstacles.
Smart Shoe Through Obstacle Detection and Alert System
Smart Shoe Through Obstacle Detection and Alert System defined by
M. Anisha et al. (2021), The developed shoe will detect the objects or
obstacles up to certain distance and send an alert message to the receiver in
audio or vibrator form. This helps the blind people to identify the object
present on their way through an alarm and avoid many discomforts. This study
of integration of obstacle detection and alarm features in the Smart Shoe is a
significant advancement in assistive technology for individuals with visual
impairments. The Smart Shoe helps users manage their surroundings with
more independence and confidence by improving situational awareness and
offering timely feedback. This ultimately improves users' general well-being
and quality of life.
Distance Sensing with Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino
INTRODUCTION
28
Distance Sensing with Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino according to
Latha Anju N et al. (2016), Ultrasonic Sensor measures the distance of target
objects or materials through the air using “non-contact” technology. They
measure distance without damage and are easy to use. The output Signals
received by the sensor are in the analog form, and output is digitally
formatted and processed by microcontroller. In present work, it is used to
detecting an obstacle, along with its exact distance. By incorporating
ultrasonic sensors into this study focus lies on detecting obstacles and
determining their exact distances.
A systematic literature review on prototyping with Arduino: Applications,
challenges, advantages, and limitations
A
systematic
literature
review
on
prototyping
with
Arduino:
Applications, challenges, advantages, and limitations. According to Hari
Kishan Kondaveeti, Sudha Ellison Mathe (2021). The methods were
categorized according to the success rate of the studied prototypes. Results
obtained can be used in researches on the best technique to adopt while
prototyping with Arduino. They can also be used in electronics researches
and by individuals who wish to obtain a guide on prototyping with Arduino
despite lacking grounded knowledge of the subject matter.
Data Fusion of Ultrasonic Sensors for Distance Measurement
Data Fusion of Ultrasonic Sensors for Distance Measurement. According
to Khudaverdieva, M. K. M. (2023). The fusion of ultrasonic sensor data
INTRODUCTION
29
surpasses mere amalgamation; it harnesses the potency of AI to refine data
integration. Consequently, this doesn't only enhance measurement precision
but also equips systems to function dependably in dynamic and demanding
environments. The article explores the importance of ultrasonic sensors, the
necessity for data fusion, procedures for data preprocessing, the extraction of
relevant features, the application of fusion algorithms, and the handling of
uncertainties. This Studies Said the significance of ultrasonic sensors.
the article delves into the necessity for data fusion, including
preprocessing steps, feature extraction methods, fusion algorithms, and
managing uncertainties
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE STUDY
This project operates within an adaptive project management
framework, integrating various inputs such as user's foot movement,
environmental data from ultrasonic sensors, and feedback from
stakeholders.
Through
iterative
development
cycles
and
agile
methodologies, the system undergoes continuous refinement, ensuring it
remains responsive to changing requirements and user needs.
INPUT
- User's foot
movement and
direction input.
1.- Data from
ultrasonic distance
sensor regarding the
surrounding
environment.
2.- Programming
commands and
configurations.
PROCESS
-Iterative
development cycles
allow for continuous
integration and
testing of new
features and
improvements.
Agile methodologies
such as APF facilitate
efficient task
management and
progress tracking.
- The Smart Shoe
Navigation System
will be updated and
improved
continuously in
response to user
feedback and
technical
developments.
- Increased user
satisfaction and
INTRODUCTION
confidence
in the
30
system's reliability
and effectiveness.
- Continuous
Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of the study, the following terms are defined
in the context of this research.
Arduino - Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-touse hardware and software. It consists of a series of microcontroller-based
development boards with integrated circuits that can be programmed to
perform a wide range of tasks.
Ultrasonic sensors - An ultrasonic sensor is a type of sensor that utilizes
ultrasonic sound waves to measure distances to objects or detect their
presence. It typically consists of a transmitter and a receiver.
Microcontrollers - A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit (IC) that
combines a central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output (I/O) ports,
INTRODUCTION
31
and other peripherals on a single chip. It is designed to execute specific tasks
and control various electronic systems, devices, or appliances.
Vibration motor - Vibration motors are commonly used in electronic devices
and systems to provide tactile feedback, alert users to notifications, indicate
events, or create haptic sensations.
Who - The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the
United Nations responsible for international public health.
IoT – refers to the network of interconnected physical devices, vehicles,
buildings, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors,
actuators, and connectivity, enabling them to collect and exchange data.
Data Processing - it involves the transformation of raw data into meaningful
information through a series of operations or techniques.
Data Fusion - Data Fusion refers to the process of integrating multiple data
sources or modalities to produce a unified, enhanced representation of
information.
AI - Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence
processes by machines, especially computer systems.
Visually impaired - is a term used to describe individuals who experience
partial or complete loss of vision that cannot be fully corrected with glasses,
contact lenses, medication, or surgery.
INTRODUCTION
32
Prototype - A prototype is a preliminary version or model of a product,
system, or component that is created to test and validate design concepts,
functionalities, and performance before final production.
Ide - It refers to a software application that provides comprehensive facilities
to computer programmers for software development.
CHAPTER 4
RESEARCH DESIGN
Methods of Research
This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the
researcher. The discussions in this chapter are the research design, Source of
data used in the study.
Research Design
In this research study, the focus is on exploring the perceptions and
experiences of blind individuals regarding the Smart Shoe Navigation System,
which integrates Arduino with an Ultrasonic Distance Sensor.
This Researchers decide to choose descriptive study it aims to
investigate how this innovative technology can potentially revolutionize
navigation for visually impaired individuals. By examining the views and
INTRODUCTION
33
experiences of blind persons, the study seeks to gain insights into the
practical implications and effectiveness of this assistive technology in
enhancing mobility and independence. Through correlational analysis, the
research aims to establish relationships between the adoption of this
technology and its impact on the daily lives of blind individuals.
This exploration is crucial for understanding the role of automation in
shaping the future of navigation aids for the visually impaired community.
Figure 1.1
The Smart Shoe Navigation System for Blind Persons incorporates stateof-the-art technology to enable visually impaired people to navigate safely
and effectively. This creative approach combines Arduino microcontrollers
with ultrasonic distance sensors to detect barriers in real-time using an
adaptive project management framework. This project intends to improve
mobility and independence for the blind community by dynamically adjusting
INTRODUCTION
34
to changing settings and user needs, thereby creating greater accessibility in
our community.
INTRODUCTION
35
Data Collection
The Smart Shoe Navigation System, integrating Arduino with an
Ultrasonic Distance Sensor shows potential for transforming blind people's
freedom and movement. To effectively assess its impact and usability,
comprehensive data collection methods are essential. This data collection
plan outlines strategies for gathering relevant information to evaluate the
effectiveness and user experience of the smart shoe navigation system.
Survey Questionnaire
distribute surveys to blind individuals who have used the smart shoe
navigation system prototype. Include questions about their experience with
the system, including ease of use, accuracy of navigation, and overall
satisfaction. and by using Likert scales and open-ended questions to gather
both quantitative and qualitative feedback.
Observations
In this observation will Document user behaviors, gestures, and
feedback during the observation period and their interactions with the
system, including any difficulties or successes in navigation.
Prototype Testing
Will Organize structured testing sessions where blind participants
navigate various routes using the smart shoe navigation system and Measure
INTRODUCTION
36
objective metrics such as navigation accuracy, response time, and system
reliability. Lastly Collect data on any technical glitches or malfunctions
encountered during testing.
Overall, by implementing a variety of strategies to data collection this
plan aims to provide comprehensive insights into the effectiveness, usability,
and user experience of the Smart Shoe Navigation System for Blind Persons.
Gathering feedback from blind individuals through surveys, interviews,
observations, and prototype testing will inform progressive improvements
and contribute to the development of a more accessible and reliable
navigation aid.
Data Analysis
For processing and interpreting the collected data from the survey
questionnaire, prototype testing, and observation related to the Smart Shoe
Navigation System for Blind Persons, integrating Arduino with an Ultrasonic
Distance Sensor, several data analysis methods can be used. The techniques
for each kind of data collecting are listed below.
For Survey Questionnaire
Descriptive Statistics
By using of this will Calculate means, frequencies, and standard
deviations for quantitative survey responses. This will provide an overview of
INTRODUCTION
37
participants' perceptions and experiences with the smart shoe navigation
system.
Content Analysis
By Analyzing qualitative responses to open-ended survey questions by
categorizing and identifying recurring themes or patterns in participant’s
feedback.
Correlation Analysis
Conduct correlation analysis to explore relationships between different
survey items, such as perceived usability and overall satisfaction.
For Prototype Testing
Quantitative Analysis
Analyze quantitative data collected during prototype testing, such as
navigation accuracy and response time, using statistical methods like t-tests
or ANOVA to compare performance across different conditions or iterations.
Qualitative Analysis
Examine qualitative feedback from participants during prototype
testing sessions to identify common issues, challenges, or areas for
improvement. Use thematic analysis to categorize and interpret participants'
comments and suggestions.
INTRODUCTION
38
For Observation
Behavioral Analysis
Analyze observational data to gain insights into participants'
interactions with the smart shoe navigation system. Identify patterns in user
behavior, gestures, and strategies employed during navigation tasks.
In this summary by using these data analysis methods researchers can
effectively process and interpret the collected data to draw conclusions about
the usability, effectiveness, and user experience of the Smart Shoe Navigation
System for Blind Persons. This comprehensive analysis will inform the
improvements and contribute to the development of a more accessible and
reliable navigation aid for visually impaired individuals.
Tools and Techniques
The researchers chose to use the tools for collecting a survey questionnaire is
Web-based Questionnaire, also commonly referred to as online survey by
using Google Forms to gather the responses to chosen groups. Also,
researchers choose Microsoft excel to compute all the data that we gather to
the respondent.
INTRODUCTION
39
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Kondaveeti, H. K., Kumaravelu, N. K., Vanambathina, S. D., Mathe, S. E., &
Vappangi, S. (2021, May 1). A systematic literature review on
prototyping with Arduino: Applications, challenges, advantages, and
limitations. Computer Science Review.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2021.100364

An Arduino-Based Assistant for People with Visual Impairment P u n l a
V o l. 4, 2 0 2 1 I s s u e Brian A. Alabado1, Christian Jason V. Cornel1,
Anna Maureen R. Pare1, Philip Daniel Solidum1 and Juan Miguel S.
Valdez1

A Low-Cost IoT based Navigation Assistance for Visually Impaired
Person. (2023, June 1). IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10192887/references?fbclid=Iw
AR0edgcrtdtCsM9U2FxhkczzmRuyvDBFMtbNgpt9UiLhdtaUUYpZmlOdh
ok#references

M. Anisha et al., "Low-Cost Smart Shoe for Visually Impaired," 2021
Third International Conference on Intelligent Communication
Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV), Tirunelveli, India,
2021, pp. 1108-1111, Doi: 10.1109/ICICV50876.2021.9388432. keywords:
{Roads Transportation Footwear Blindness Receivers Tools Safety Smart
Shoe; Arduino Nano Ultrasonic Sensor Buzzer Visually Impaired},

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9388432
INTRODUCTION
40

Țapu, R., Mocanu, B., & Zaharia, T. (2020, September 1). Wearable
assistive devices for visually impaired: A state of the art survey. Pattern
Recognition Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2018.10.031

Sherman, S. W. (2014). Medical Technology. Journal of the Medical
Association of Georgia, 4.

Kondaveeti, H. K., Kumaravelu, N. K., Vanambathina, S. D., Mathe, S. E., &
Vappangi, S. (2021, May 1). A systematic literature review on
prototyping with Arduino: Applications, challenges, advantages, and
limitations. Computer Science Review.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2021.100364

Khudaverdieva, M. K. M. (2023, November 6). DATA FUSION OF
ULTRASONIC SENSORS FOR DISTANCE MEASUREMENT. Piretc.
https://doi.org/10.36962/piretc29082023-43

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367162982_DISTANCE_MEA
SUREMENT_USING_ULTRASONIC_SENSOR_ARDUINO Jasmin Akter
,Maria Nusrat, Md Rasel Hossain, Cmrasel@stud.Cou.Ac.BD(2022)

https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516570?fbclid=IwAR3
36gGnAvu2veVT9oNmyaOFI8H5-ywYU880ssjPlWu1B23jg5MCQBuiBQ_aem_AXlvYzvAWeJfCV5ajS3ahH3S9adEsY31kPolwJ94HUyflBf1
pMIh1zlr8dvuqvnJ5z8DL5g_cY225PKrRTX-_Fv3

Joseph, A. M., Kian, A., & Begg, R. (2023, March 3). State-of-the-Art
Review on Wearable Obstacle Detection Systems Developed for
INTRODUCTION
41
Assistive Technologies and Footwear. Sensors, 23(5), 2802.
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052802

Low-Cost Smart Shoe for Visually Impaired. (2021, February 4). IEEE
Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9388432?fbclid=IwAR3
BFuiBUmQHDmK1r88jfc6Pf54pMRupJKRVcFh6AHUKRfQqmkBAO8wmy8_aem_AXlGk8NIYqF1B7WEiKj9wjOTkuf0GK4D
r2XPJCXZ2OW-N_sbutLe82IpvQ3p-lkiOg_MUr5oPcXon9D-fhJQFGZ6

A Low-Cost IoT based Navigation Assistance for Visually Impaired
Person. (2023, June 1). IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10192887/references?fbclid=Iw
AR2-rLEjoMrqHn-ZvggGQcmJuiCc95MUXfs---Hwl8in0HoipUojPFR5Ck_aem_AXlarAaFAIss_n3kaKhMHDklQ3QzfHugOyNUYTDIgbonv
WpJB1qWTDIvDUa_e4lfRo128o_zSrQ6tvU8wuLlXi68#references

Developing an Assistive Device for the Visually Impaired Using
Ultrasonic Sensors for Distance and Solidity Determination Erin Faith C.
Bermudo1, Paul Andrew D. Nahiwan1, Bryan Ernest Jon S. Redoble1,
Baltazar Carlos Jose M. Reyes1, Juan Paulo Y. Singzon1, Hiroki M. Asaba2,
Clement Y. Ong

Robles, E. (2018, May 26). Eye health of Filipinos need more attention.
The Manila Times. Retrieved from
https://www.manilatimes.net/2018/05/26/busin ess/healthindustry/eye-health-of-filipinosneeds-more-attention/401198/
INTRODUCTION
42

Merencilla, N. E., Manansala, E. T., Balingit, E. C., Crisostomo, J. B. B.,
Montano, J. C. R., & Quinzon, H. L. (2021, November). Smart Stick for the
Visually Impaired Person. In 2021 IEEE 13th International Conference
on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,
Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM)
(pp. 1-6). IEEE.

According to Merencilla, N. E., Manansala, E. T., Balingit, E. C.,
Crisostomo, J. B. B., Montano, J. C. R.,&amp; Quinzon, H. L. (2021)

J. Á. Ariza and J. M. Pearce (2022) Explains about &quot;Low-Cost
Assistive Technologies for Disabled People Using Open-Source
Hardware and Software: A Systematic Literature Review,&quot;

Tabuga, Aubrey D.; Mina, Christian D. (2011) : Disability and Gender:
The Case of the Philippines, PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 2011-32,
Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), Makati City
INTRODUCTION
43
APPENDIXES
BALTAZAR, KENRICK S.
62 Santan St. Napico Manggahan Pasig City
Kenrickbaltazar@gmail.com
09771219158
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Gateways Institute of Science and Technology
M.H Del Pilar San Nicolas, Pasig, 1600 Metro Manila
Information and Communication Technology
Junior High School
Sta. Lucia High School
#30 Tramo St. Rosario Village Sta. Lucia Pasig City
Elementary:
Elementary School
Napico Elementary School
Peras St. Napico Manggahan Pasig City
INTRODUCTION
44
BLESSIE MAE BENIPAYO
Bagong Nayon II Brgy San Isidro Antipolo City
maebenipayo9@gmail.com
09945603317
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Information and Communications Technology
Junior High School
Bagong Nayon II National Highschool
Bagong Nayon, Brgy. San Isidro, Antipolo City
Elementary:
Elementary School
Bagong Nayon IV Elementary School
Sitio Maligaya, Brgy. San Isidro, Antipolo City
INTRODUCTION
45
MICHAEL ANGELO S. BOCO
Cogeo Village, Brgy. Bagong Nayon, Antipolo City
nylen252@gmail.com
09518564421
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Paitan Sur National High School
Brgy. Paitan Sur, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija
Genearal Academic Strand
Junior High School
Paitan Sur National High School
Brgy. Paitan Sur, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija
Elementary:
Elementary School
Bonifacio Elementary School
Brgy. Bonifacio, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija
INTRODUCTION
46
REVELEYN B. JAVIER
4th St. Purok18 San Juan Taytay Rizal
revelynjavier14@gmail.com
09952519606
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Trent Information First Technical
Career Institute Taytay Rizal
Information and Communication Technology
Junior High School
Muzon national high school
Sapphire street Muzon Taytay Rizal
Elementary:
Elementary School
San Francisco elementary School
San Francisci Village Muzon Taytay Rizal
INTRODUCTION
47
ALYSSANANS B. OLIVEROS
D4 Enrique Maybunga Pasig City
aly.oliveros27@gmail.com
09518564421
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Rizal High School
Dr. Sixto Ave., Caniogan Pasig City
Information and Communication Technology
Junior High School
Rizal High School
Dr. Sixto Ave., Caniogan Pasig City
Elementary:
Elementary School
Caniogan Elementary School
Kalinangan St. Caniogan Pasig City
INTRODUCTION
48
DENMARK N. REGONDON
San Agustin Brgy. Pinagbuhatan Pasig City
Denmarkregondon@gmail.com
09504552838
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
A. Santos St. Buting Pasig City
Genera Academic Strand
Junior High School
Mambugan National Highschool
Urbano Velasco Ave. Pinagbuhatan Pasig City
Elementary:
Elementary School
M. H. Del Pilar Street, Barangay Palatiw, Pasig City
INTRODUCTION
49
CHRISTIAN B. REVILLA
Bagong Pag-Asa, Muntindilaw Antipolo City
khelasis@gmail.com
09100927555
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Muntindilaw National Highshool
St. Martin de pores Brgy. Muntindilaw Antipolo City
Information and Communications Technology
Junior High School
Muntindilaw National Highschool
St. Martin de pores Brgy. Muntindilaw Antipolo City
Elementary:
Elementary School
Muntindilaw Elementary School
Falcon street, Brgy. Muntindilaw Antipolo City
INTRODUCTION
50
STANLEY M. ROROMERO
Unit 7 Pagrai Hills Brgy. Mayamot Antipolo City
Stanleyromero984@gmail.com
09506882709
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
Gardner College – Cainta RDS Bldg.
Felix Ave., Brgy. San Isidro Cainta, Rizal
Information and Communications Technology
Junior High School
Mambugan National Highschool
Siruna Village, Brgy. Mambugan, Antipolo City
Elementary:
Elementray School
Rock Hill Academy
Blk 30, Sitio Sto niño Hills,
Brgy. Cupang Antipolo City
INTRODUCTION
51
MARY JEAN O. SAMSON
Brgy. Cupang Purok 4 zone 8 Antipolo City
samsonmaryjean762@gmail.com
09108964993
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Information and Communications Technology
Junior High School
Pinagbuhatan High School
Brgy. Pinagbuhatan Pasig City
Elementary:
Elementary School
Nagpayong Elementary School
Brgy. Pinagbuhatan Pasig City
INTRODUCTION
52
STEPHEN T. TUPAZ
Sitio Pinagkitran Boor Cardona Rizal
stephentupazmlbb@gmail.com
09519191474
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Tertiary:
ICCT COLLEGES
V.V Soliven Ave II.
Cainta, 1900 Rizal
Secondary:
Senior High School
TUNA-BALIBAGO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lambac Cardona Rizal
General Academic Strand
Junior High School
TUNA-BALIBAGO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
ECOMS
Lambac Cardona Rizal
Elementary:
Elementary School
ECOMS
Lambac Cardona Rizal
INTRODUCTION
53
Copy of Project Design
Objective
The main objective of this capstone project titled "Smart Shoe
Navigation System for Blind Person: Integrating Arduino with Ultrasonic
Distance Sensor" is developed, design and asses a wearable navigation
System The project aims to provide real-time environmental feedback to
individuals with visual impairments through the integration of ultrasonic
distance sensors and Arduino microcontrollers. The primary objective is to
create a dependable and user-friendly system that enhances the mobility
and independence of blind individuals by accurately detecting obstacles
and guiding them safely through their surroundings. To achieve this goal,
the project will focus on ensuring the performance, reliability, and usability
of the smart shoe navigation system through thorough hardware and
software integration and testing of user feedback.
Methodology
Figure 2.3
The researchers will choose to use agile methodology on this study
titled "Smart Shoe Navigation System for Blind Person: Integrating Arduino
with Ultrasonic Distance Sensor"
INTRODUCTION
54
will use Arduino microcontrollers and ultrasonic distance sensors to create
and improve a wearable navigation system for the blind through continuous
improvement.
Timeline
This project timeline serves as a roadmap, guiding our efforts as we
navigate the complexities of technology and user needs. It emphasizes our
commitment to creating a tangible solution that not only addresses the
challenges faced by the visually impaired but also fosters a more inclusive
society
where
everyone
can
navigate
the
world
with
dignity and
independence.
On Week 1 (February 1-6)

We Define project scope and objectives.

We Research existing solutions and technologies.

We Gather materials and resources needed for the project.
On Week 2 (February 7-13):

We Design the overall architecture of the smart shoe navigation system.

We Select and purchase Arduino board, ultrasonic distance sensor, and
other necessary components.

We Begin coding the Arduino program for interfacing with the
ultrasonic sensor.
On Week 3 (February 14-20):
INTRODUCTION
55

We Assemble the hardware components (Arduino board, ultrasonic
sensor, power source) into a prototype setup.

Test the functionality of the ultrasonic sensor with the Arduino board.
Week 4 (February 21-27):

Develop algorithms for processing sensor data and providing
navigation feedback to the user.

Test the integration of sensor data processing algorithms with the
Arduino program.
On Week 5 (February 28 - March 5):

The Researchers Gather feedback on the usability and effectiveness of
the prototype.
On Week 6 (March 6-12):

Implement additional features or enhancements as needed.

Prepare for more comprehensive user testing in the following weeks.
On Week 7 (March 13-19):

Analyzing the placement of the ultrasonic sensor.
On Week 8 (March 20-26):

Make final adjustments to the hardware, software, and enclosure design
based on testing results and feedback.
INTRODUCTION
56

Prepare project documentation, including user manuals and technical
specifications.
On Week 9 (March 27 - April 2):

Finalize project documentation and presentation materials.

Conduct a final review of the smart shoe navigation system to ensure
readiness for demonstration and deployment.

Plan for project demonstration or presentation to the panelist
On Week 10 (April 3-8):

Gather final feedback and suggestions for future iterations or
improvements.

Wrap up the project, document lessons learned, and evaluate the
overall success and impact of the panelist.
Deliverables
the expected outcomes of this project titled “Smart Shoe Navigation
System for Blind Person Integrating Ultrasonic Distance Sensor. This project
includes improved mobility, safety, independence, and accessibility for blind
individuals, the limitations of this projects is not just a waterproof but the
researchers will do the proper analysis to design and ensure the smart shoe
navigation will be a water resistant this outcome it highlights how Smart Shoe
is very efficient to the blind Person. the document of this project will be
INTRODUCTION
57
ensured and we gather all things and evaluate on how properly to execute this
project.
INTRODUCTION
58