Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
Laboratory Report No. 1
Second Semester, AY 2023 – 2024
Course Code
ME 408
Course Title
MACHINE SHOP THEORY, AND PRACTICE
Section
BSME-2203
Date
April 17, 2024
SR-Code
22-05904
Name of Student
Villanueva, Jomel
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
Machine Shop Hazard Identification
I. Introduction
Welcome aboard! In this course, we are surrounded by the tools of production—saws,
lathes, drill presses, you name it. As we stand amongst them, your heart probably races
with ideas and inspiration, no? We try to envision the possibilities, if not opportunities—
broken air conditioners in colleges, manufacturing, and projects waiting to emerge. But
before we begin, let us acknowledge a basic truth: A great maker follows great
responsibility.
Yes, to wield these instruments of production, we must also carry the weight of safety.
We who seek to build, craft, and make are also bound to be its guardians. Our first duty
is, of course, to return from the workshop unharmed, our eyes clear from anything, no
broken limbs, our hands steady, and our focus unbroken.
So let us prepare both our minds and our equipment as you read this entire laboratory
report with me together. Let this mere paper be one of mindfulness, where no avatar is
needed, caution, and the nation of fire hazards work in harmony. And may we leave not
just with finished projects but with greater knowledge, zero doubt, and care for ourselves
and probably others. Onward we go!
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
II. Objectives
In our talk, we have embarked on an amazing journey to boost hazard awareness and
safety practices. This was driven by our desire to create a safer and more secure
environment for our members. We felt the need to take decisive steps to equip our lives
with the knowledge and skills to identify and mitigate risks, especially concerning highrisk equipment like lathes and drill presses. There were several factors that highlighted
the importance of reinforcing safety protocols and hazard awareness training. Firstly, we
wanted to be compliant with all regulations and standards for shop safety— we had
learned in this course about a few minor incidents and near misses that could have been
prevented with greater hazard awareness. By boosting hazard awareness through this
paper, I aimed to create the notion where wellbeing is the top priority.
The second main objective is associated with a deep commitment to the welfare of the
producers (i.e., the ones who make stuff—machinists). We recognized that a truly safe
environment requires more than just protocols and procedures; it requires a mindset that
prioritizes safety in everything we do. That's why I chose to promote the idea where safety
is not just a priority, but a way of life. We wanted each machinist to feel, to make safetyconscious decisions, whether working independently or collaborating with others. In
simple words, we must be driven by a commitment to each other's health and safety. And
we recognized that to achieve our safety goals, we needed to start with that commitment
to the people carrying out the work each day. By working together and continuously
improving, I am confident to say that we can achieve our vision of an incident-free shop
where the wellbeing of our people comes first.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
III. Hazard Identification
•
Machine No. 1: Lathe Machine
A lathe machine is a tool used in machining to rotate
a workpiece against cutting tools, allowing for
shaping, drilling, turning, and other operations. It's
commonly used in metalworking, woodworking, and
glassworking.
Hazard Analysis
Note: In this section, we delve into the range of potential hazards that may arise during the
utilization of a drill press machine.
FIGURE 1.0: EYE PROTECTION REQUIREMENT
o Debris Eye Hazards: The risk of getting something in your eyes while working on
the lathe, like tiny bits of metal or wood.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 2.0: LATHE MOVING PART
o
Moving Parts Strikes: The danger of being hit by parts of the lathe that are
moving, which can happen if you're standing too close.
o
Incorrect Cutting Risks: The chance of things going wrong when you don't set
the lathe to cut materials at the right speed, depth, or rate.
o
Unchecked Stops: Forgetting to check if the lathe's stop buttons are working
before you start, which could lead to it moving unexpectedly.
o
Running Adjustments: Trying to change things on the lathe while it's still running,
which is dangerous because parts could move suddenly and hurt you.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 3.0: CNC SPINDLE
o
Spindle Shutdown Mishaps: Not properly turning off the spinning part of the lathe
before you do maintenance, which could cause it to move unexpectedly and hurt
you.
FIGURE 4.0: A MEME ON A MSSING GUARD
o
Missing Guards: When there aren't covers on parts of the lathe that could catch
your clothes or hands, which might pull you in and hurt you.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Workpiece Projection: The risk of a piece you're working on suddenly flying off
the lathe and hitting you because it wasn't held securely.
o
Tool Misalignment: If you don't put the cutting tools in the right place, they could
break or cause accidents while you're working.
o
Heavy Lifting Dangers: Trying to lift heavy things without the right equipment or
help, which could hurt your back or drop the object on your feet.
o
Manual Chuck Hazards: When you're putting on or taking off the chuck by hand,
you could accidentally touch something moving and get hurt.
o
Damaged Chuck Debris: Bits of metal or other materials flying off a chuck that's
broken or worn out, which could hit you and cause injury.
o
Chuck Wrench Accidents: Forgetting to take out the wrench you used to tighten
the chuck before you start the lathe, which could break the tool or hurt you.
o
Barrier Guard Absence: When there's nothing stopping you from accidentally
touching parts of the lathe that move, which could lead to injury.
o
Unsafe File Handling: Using files near parts of the lathe that are spinning, which
could catch the file and hurt you.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 5.0: INJURY CAUSED BY LEFTOVER TOOL
o
Tool Leftover Accidents: Accidentally leaving tools or other things on the lathe,
which could get caught in moving parts and cause accidents.
o
Vibration Neglect Risks: Ignoring shaking or strange noises coming from the
lathe, which could mean something's wrong and might break.
FIGURE 6.0: METAL SCRAPS SPLASHING OUT
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The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o
Chip/Coolant Debris: Pieces of metal or liquid splashing out of the lathe, which
could hit you and cause injury.
o
Electrical Accessory Hazards: Touching electrical parts of the lathe without
being careful, which could shock you or start a fire.
o
Cleaning Motion Injuries: Trying to clean the lathe while it's still moving, which
could cause you to accidentally touch something moving and get hurt.
o
Workspace Tripping Hazards: The risk of tripping over things left lying around
near the lathe, which could make you fall and hurt yourself.
o
Machine Leaning Risks: Leaning on the lathe or putting pressure on it in the
wrong way, which could make it move unexpectedly and cause injury.
o
Spindle Contact Injuries: Accidentally touching the spinning part of the lathe with
your hands or fingers, which could pull you in and hurt you.
o
Measurement Mishaps: Trying to measure things on the lathe while it's moving,
which could make you accidentally touch something moving and get hurt.
o
Cutting Ejection Dangers: Pieces of material flying off the lathe while you're
cutting them, which could hit you and cause injury.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 7.0: LATHE SAWDUST FROM WOODTURNING
o
Respiratory Cleaning Risks: Breathing in dust or fumes while cleaning the lathe,
which could make you sick.
FIGURE 8.0: SANDING BELT HOLDER
o
Sanding/Polishing Hazards: Using sandpaper or polish on the lathe in the wrong
way, which could catch and hurt you.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Unattended Operation Accidents: Leaving the lathe running without anyone
watching it, which could lead to accidents or damage.
•
Severity and Likelihood
Hazard
Severity
Likelihood
1. Debris Eye Hazards: The risk of getting
something in your eyes while working on Serious
Frequent
the lathe, like tiny bits of metal or wood.
2. Moving Parts Strikes: The danger of
being hit by parts of the lathe that are
moving, which can happen if you're
Catastrophic
Frequent
Serious
Occasional
Minor
Rare
Serious
Occasional
Serious
Rare
standing too close.
3. Incorrect Cutting Risks: The chance of
things going wrong when you don't set the
lathe to cut materials at the right speed,
depth, or rate.
4. Unchecked Stops: Forgetting to check if
the lathe's stop buttons are working before
you start, which could lead to it moving
unexpectedly.
5. Running Adjustments: Trying to change
things on the lathe while it's still running,
which is dangerous because parts could
move suddenly and hurt you.
6. Spindle Shutdown Mishaps: Not properly
turning off the spinning part of the lathe
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
before you do maintenance, which could
cause it to move unexpectedly and hurt
you.
7. Missing Guards: When there aren't
covers on parts of the lathe that could catch
your clothes or hands, which might pull you
Minor
Occasional
Catastrophic
Frequent
Minor
Occasional
Minor
Frequent
Minor
Occasional
Serious
Rare
in and hurt you.
8. Workpiece Projection: The risk of a piece
you're working on suddenly flying off the
lathe and hitting you because it wasn't held
securely.
9. Tool Misalignment: If you don't put the
cutting tools in the right place, they could
break or cause accidents while you're
working.
10. Heavy Lifting Dangers: Trying to lift
heavy things without the right equipment or
help, which could hurt your back or drop the
object on your feet.
11. Manual Chuck Hazards: When you're
putting on or taking off the chuck by hand,
you could accidentally touch something
moving and get hurt.
12. Damaged Chuck Debris: Bits of metal
or other materials flying off a chuck that's
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
broken or worn out, which could hit you and
cause injury.
13. Chuck Wrench Accidents: Forgetting to
take out the wrench you used to tighten the
chuck before you start the lathe, which
Catastrophic
Frequent
Minor
Rare
could break the tool or hurt you.
14. Barrier Guard Absence: When there's
nothing stopping you from accidentally
touching parts of the lathe that move, which
could lead to injury.
15. Unsafe File Handling: Using files near
parts of the lathe that are spinning, which Minor
Frequent
could catch the file and hurt you.
16. Tool Leftover Accidents: Accidentally
leaving tools or other things on the lathe,
which could get caught in moving parts and
Minor
Frequent
Minor
Occasional
cause accidents.
17. Vibration Neglect Risks: Ignoring
shaking or strange noises coming from the
lathe, which could mean something's
wrong and might break.
18. Chip/Coolant Debris: Pieces of metal or
liquid splashing out of the lathe, which Serious
Frequent
could hit you and cause injury.
19.
Electrical
Accessory
Hazards:
Touching electrical parts of the lathe
Catastrophic
Frequent
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
without being careful, which could shock
you or start a fire.
20. Cleaning Motion Injuries: Trying to
clean the lathe while it's still moving, which
could cause you to accidentally touch
Catastrophic
Frequent
Minor
Frequent
Catastrophic
Rare
Catastrophic
Frequent
Serious
Frequent
Serious
Rare
something moving and get hurt.
21. Workspace Tripping Hazards: The risk
of tripping over things left lying around near
the lathe, which could make you fall and
hurt yourself.
22. Machine Leaning Risks: Leaning on the
lathe or putting pressure on it in the wrong
way,
which
could
make
it
move
unexpectedly and cause injury.
23. Spindle Contact Injuries: Accidentally
touching the spinning part of the lathe with
your hands or fingers, which could pull you
in and hurt you.
24. Measurement Mishaps: Trying to
measure things on the lathe while it's
moving, which could make you accidentally
touch something moving and get hurt.
25. Cutting Ejection Dangers: Pieces of
material flying off the lathe while you're
cutting them, which could hit you and cause
injury.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
26. Respiratory Cleaning Risks: Breathing
in dust or fumes while cleaning the lathe, Minor
Frequent
which could make you sick.
27. Sanding/Polishing Hazards: Using
sandpaper or polish on the lathe in the Minor
Rare
wrong way, which could catch and hurt you.
28.
Unattended
Operation
Accidents:
Leaving the lathe running without anyone
watching it, which could lead to accidents
Catastrophic
Frequent
or damage.
•
Mitigation Strategies
o Debris Eye Hazards: Install transparent safety shields or goggles to protect eyes
from flying debris. Encourage operators to wear appropriate eye protection at all
times.
o Moving Parts Strikes: Mark off safe distances around the lathe with visible floor
markings or barriers. Train operators to maintain a safe distance from moving
parts while the lathe is in operation.
o Incorrect Cutting Risks: Provide comprehensive training on lathe operation and
material specifications. Implement regular equipment maintenance checks to
ensure proper calibration and settings.
o Unchecked Stops: Establish a pre-operation checklist to verify the functionality of
stop buttons and emergency controls. Conduct regular inspections and
maintenance to ensure all safety mechanisms are in working order.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Running Adjustments: Implement a strict policy prohibiting adjustments while the
lathe is in operation. Encourage operators to stop the machine and wait for it to
come to a complete halt before making any adjustments.
o Spindle Shutdown Mishaps: Develop a standard procedure for shutting down and
securing the lathe before performing maintenance tasks. Ensure all operators are
trained on proper shutdown protocols.
o Missing Guards: Install safety guards on all exposed moving parts of the lathe.
Regularly inspect guards for damage or wear and replace them as needed.
o Workpiece Projection: Ensure workpieces are securely fastened to the lathe
using appropriate clamps or fixtures. Train operators on proper workpiece
mounting techniques.
o Tool Misalignment: Provide training on tool alignment and proper tool usage.
Implement regular tool inspection and maintenance procedures to prevent
misalignment.
o Heavy Lifting Dangers: Use lifting aids or equipment to handle heavy objects.
Train operators on safe lifting techniques and encourage teamwork when lifting
heavy loads.
o Manual Chuck Hazards: Implement a policy requiring the use of chuck handling
tools for mounting and removing chucks. Train operators on proper chuck
handling procedures.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Damaged Chuck Debris: Regularly inspect chucks for signs of wear or damage
and replace them as needed. Ensure all operators are trained to recognize and
report damaged equipment.
o Chuck Wrench Accidents: Develop a checklist to ensure all tools are removed
from the lathe before starting operations. Implement visual reminders or warnings
near the lathe controls.
o Barrier Guard Absence: Install physical barriers or safety enclosures around the
lathe to prevent unauthorized access to moving parts. Regularly inspect and
maintain barriers for effectiveness.
o Unsafe File Handling: Implement a policy prohibiting the use of files near
spinning lathe parts. Provide alternative methods for finishing workpieces that do
not involve handheld tools.
o Tool Leftover Accidents: Implement a tool tracking system to ensure all tools are
accounted for before and after lathe operations. Train operators on proper tool
storage procedures.
o Vibration Neglect Risks: Conduct regular equipment inspections to identify and
address sources of vibration. Train operators to report any unusual vibrations or
noises immediately.
o Chip/Coolant Debris: Install chip and coolant shields to contain debris and liquids
during lathe operations. Implement regular cleaning procedures to remove debris
buildup.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Electrical Accessory Hazards: Ensure all electrical components are properly
grounded and insulated. Implement lockout/tagout procedures during
maintenance to prevent electrical hazards.
o Cleaning Motion Injuries: Develop a policy prohibiting cleaning while the lathe is
in motion. Train operators on proper cleaning procedures and provide adequate
ventilation in the workspace.
o Workspace Tripping Hazards: Keep work areas clean and free of clutter.
Implement a "clean as you go" policy to minimize tripping hazards.
o Machine Leaning Risks: Encourage operators to maintain a stable stance while
operating the lathe and avoid leaning on the machine during operation.
o Spindle Contact Injuries: Mark off safe zones around the lathe's spinning parts
and prohibit operators from reaching into these areas during operation.
o Measurement Mishaps: Train operators to measure workpieces only when the
lathe is stationary. Implement visual reminders near measurement tools to
reinforce safe practices.
o Cutting Ejection Dangers: Ensure workpieces are securely clamped to prevent
ejection during cutting. Provide proper tooling and cutting techniques to minimize
ejection risks.
Republic of the Philippines
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The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Respiratory Cleaning Risks: Provide operators with appropriate respiratory
protection when cleaning the lathe. Implement regular cleaning schedules and
use dust extraction systems to minimize airborne contaminants.
o Sanding/Polishing Hazards: Prohibit sanding or polishing on the lathe while it is
in operation. Provide alternative workstations or equipment for sanding and
polishing tasks.
o Unattended Operation Accidents: Implement strict policies requiring operators to
remain present and attentive while the lathe is in operation. Use automated
shutdown systems or timers to prevent unattended operation.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
•
Machine No. 2: Drill Press
A drill press machine, also known as a drilling
machine or a pillar drill, is a stationary tool used to
drill holes in various materials with precision and
accuracy. It consists of a base, a column, a spindle,
and a drill head that can be adjusted in height. It's
commonly used in metalworking, woodworking, and
construction for drilling repetitive and accurate holes.
Hazard Analysis
Note: In this section, we delve into the range of potential hazards that may arise during the
utilization of a drill press machine.
FIGURE 9.0: HAIR ENTRAPMENT
o Entrapment: Loose clothing, long hair, or dangling jewelry can get caught in the
moving parts of the drill press, potentially leading to severe injuries or even death
if the machinist is pulled into the machinery.
Republic of the Philippines
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The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Strain Injuries: Prolonged use of the drill press without proper ergonomics, such
as incorrect posture or repetitive motions, can strain muscles and joints, resulting
in discomfort, pain, or long-term injuries. Yikes!
o Flying Debris: As the drill bit cuts through materials, small pieces of metal, wood,
or other substances can break off and become airborne, posing a significant risk
of eye injuries or lacerations to anyone in the vicinity.
o Electrical Hazards: Faulty wiring, damaged cords, or improper grounding can
lead to electric shocks, electrocution, or fires, especially if the drill press is used
in wet or damp conditions.
o Kickback: If the workpiece is not securely clamped or the drill bit encounters an
unexpected obstruction, the drill press can forcefully eject the workpiece, causing
it to fly off the machine and potentially strike the operator or others nearby.
o Loud Noise: The continuous operation of the drill press generates high levels of
noise, which can lead to hearing damage or loss if proper hearing protection is
not worn over extended periods.
o Crushing Injuries: Hands or fingers can be crushed between the moving parts of
the drill press, such as the drill chuck or the worktable, if they inadvertently come
into contact during operation.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 10.0: SPARK DUE TO FRICTION
o Heat and Sparks: Friction between the drill bit and the workpiece can generate
heat and sparks, especially when drilling metal, posing a fire hazard if flammable
materials or substances are nearby.
o Chemical Exposure: Some drilling processes may involve the use of lubricants,
coolants, or cutting fluids that contain hazardous chemicals, which can cause
skin irritation, respiratory issues, or other health problems upon exposure.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
FIGURE 11.0: DUST INHALATION HAZARD
o Inhalation Hazards: Dust, fumes, or vapors generated during drilling, especially
with certain materials like wood or metals, can pose respiratory hazards if
inhaled, potentially leading to irritation, lung damage, or other health issues.
o Collisions: The moving parts of the drill press, as well as tools or accessories,
can collide with stationary objects in the workspace or with other individuals,
causing damage to the equipment, property, or injury to personnel.
o Failure of Safety Features: Malfunctioning or improperly maintained safety
features, such as emergency stop buttons, safety guards, or interlocks, can
compromise the effectiveness of these mechanisms, increasing the risk of
accidents or injuries.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Uncontrolled Movement: If the workpiece is not securely clamped or the drill
press is not properly adjusted, the workpiece may shift or move unexpectedly
during drilling, potentially causing damage to the workpiece, equipment, or injury
to the operator.
o Hot Surfaces: Components of the drill press, such as the motor, drill chuck, or
worktable, can become hot during operation, posing a burn hazard if touched
accidentally by the operator or others nearby.
FIGURE 12.0: WHEN YOU FELL, BUT NOT OUT OF LOVE-- A SPILLAGE
o Slippery Surfaces: Spills of oil, coolant, or other fluids used during drilling can
create slippery surfaces on the floor or worktable, increasing the risk of slips,
trips, or falls for anyone working in the vicinity of the drill press.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
o Improper Tool Use: Using the wrong type or size of drill bit, accessories, or
cutting tools for the job can lead to inefficient drilling, damage to the workpiece or
equipment, or an increased risk of accidents due to tool breakage or malfunction.
•
Severity and Likelihood
Hazard
Severity
Likelihood
Catastrophic
Occasional
Serious
Occasional
Catastrophic
Frequent
Serious
Occasional
1. Entrapment: Loose clothing, long hair,
or dangling jewelry can get caught in the
moving parts of the drill press, potentially
leading to severe injuries or even death if
the machinist is pulled into the
machinery.
2. Strain Injuries: Prolonged use of the
drill press without proper ergonomics,
such as incorrect posture or repetitive
motions, can strain muscles and joints,
resulting in discomfort, pain, or long-term
injuries. Yikes!
3. Flying Debris: As the drill bit cuts
through materials, small pieces of metal,
wood, or other substances can break off
and become airborne, posing a significant
risk of eye injuries or lacerations to
anyone in the vicinity.
4. Electrical Hazards: Faulty wiring,
damaged cords, or improper grounding
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
can lead to electric shocks, electrocution,
or fires, especially if the drill press is used
in wet or damp conditions.
5. Kickback: If the workpiece is not
securely clamped or the drill bit
encounters an unexpected obstruction,
the drill press can forcefully eject the
Catastrophic
Occasional
Minor
Rare
Catastrophic
Frequent
Minor
Rare
workpiece, causing it to fly off the
machine and potentially strike the
operator or others nearby.
6. Loud Noise: The continuous operation
of the drill press generates high levels of
noise, which can lead to hearing damage
or loss if proper hearing protection is not
worn over extended periods.
7. Crushing Injuries: Hands or fingers can
be crushed between the moving parts of
the drill press, such as the drill chuck or
the worktable, if they inadvertently come
into contact during operation.
8. Heat and Sparks: Friction between the
drill bit and the workpiece can generate
heat and sparks, especially when drilling
metal, posing a fire hazard if flammable
materials or substances are nearby.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
9. Chemical Exposure: Some drilling
processes may involve the use of
lubricants, coolants, or cutting fluids that
contain hazardous chemicals, which can
Serious
Rare
Serious
Rare
Serious
Occasional
Serious
Occasional
cause skin irritation, respiratory issues, or
other health problems upon exposure.
10. Inhalation Hazards: Dust, fumes, or
vapors generated during drilling,
especially with certain materials like wood
or metals, can pose respiratory hazards if
inhaled, potentially leading to irritation,
lung damage, or other health issues.
11. Collisions: The moving parts of the
drill press, as well as tools or
accessories, can collide with stationary
objects in the workspace or with other
individuals, causing damage to the
equipment, property, or injury to
personnel.
12. Failure of Safety Features:
Malfunctioning or improperly maintained
safety features, such as emergency stop
buttons, safety guards, or interlocks, can
compromise the effectiveness of these
mechanisms, increasing the risk of
accidents or injuries.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
13. Uncontrolled Movement: If the
workpiece is not securely clamped or the
drill press is not properly adjusted, the
workpiece may shift or move
Serious
Frequent
Serious
Rare
Minor
Rare
Minor
Frequent
unexpectedly during drilling, potentially
causing damage to the workpiece,
equipment, or injury to the operator.
14. Hot Surfaces: Components of the drill
press, such as the motor, drill chuck, or
worktable, can become hot during
operation, posing a burn hazard if
touched accidentally by the operator or
others nearby.
15. Slippery Surfaces: Spills of oil,
coolant, or other fluids used during drilling
can create slippery surfaces on the floor
or worktable, increasing the risk of slips,
trips, or falls for anyone working in the
vicinity of the drill press.
16. Improper Tool Use: Using the wrong
type or size of drill bit, accessories, or
cutting tools for the job can lead to
inefficient drilling, damage to the
workpiece or equipment, or an increased
risk of accidents due to tool breakage or
malfunction.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
•
Mitigation Strategies
o Entrapment: Ensure operators wear fitted clothing without loose ends, tie back
long hair, and remove dangling jewelry to prevent entanglement with moving
parts. Additionally, install safety guards and devices that automatically shut off
the drill press if clothing or hair is detected near the machinery.
o Strain Injuries: Implement ergonomic workstation design by adjusting the height
of the drill press table to suit the operator's height and providing supportive
seating. Encourage regular breaks and stretching exercises to reduce muscle
fatigue and prevent repetitive strain injuries.
o Flying Debris: Enclose the drilling area with transparent safety shields or barriers
to contain flying debris. Ensure operators wear appropriate eye protection, such
as safety glasses or goggles, to shield their eyes from potential projectiles.
o Electrical Hazards: Regularly inspect and maintain the electrical components of
the drill press to ensure proper functioning and safety. Use ground fault circuit
interrupters to protect against electric shocks and fires, especially in wet or damp
environments.
o Kickback: Always securely clamp the workpiece to the drill press table and use
appropriate cutting speeds and feeds to minimize the risk of kickback. Use sharp
drill bits and inspect workpieces for defects or obstructions before drilling to
prevent sudden ejection.
o Loud Noise: Provide operators with hearing protection, such as earmuffs or
earplugs, to mitigate the harmful effects of loud noise generated by the drill
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
press. Additionally, consider sound-absorbing materials or enclosures to reduce
noise levels in the workspace.
o Crushing Injuries: Install safety guards and devices to prevent accidental contact
between hands or fingers and moving parts of the drill press. Train operators on
proper hand placement and handling techniques to avoid potential crushing
hazards.
o Heat and Sparks: Use appropriate cutting fluids or lubricants to reduce friction
and heat generation during drilling operations, especially when working with
metal materials. Keep flammable materials away from the drilling area to
minimize the risk of fire.
o Chemical Exposure: Provide adequate ventilation in the workspace to disperse
hazardous fumes or vapors generated during drilling processes. Ensure
operators wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and
respirators, when handling or working with chemicals.
o Inhalation Hazards: Use dust collection systems or exhaust ventilation to capture
and remove airborne particles, dust, or fumes generated during drilling
operations. Provide operators with respiratory protection, such as masks or
respirators, when working with materials that produce harmful airborne
contaminants.
o Collisions: Organize the workspace to minimize clutter and ensure clear
pathways around the drill press to prevent collisions with stationary objects or
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
other individuals. Implement procedures for safe material handling and
movement to avoid accidental collisions during drilling operations.
o Failure of Safety Features: Regularly inspect and test safety features, such as
emergency stop buttons and safety guards, to ensure they are functioning
properly. Provide training to operators on how to use safety features effectively
and encourage reporting of any malfunctions or issues for prompt resolution.
o Uncontrolled Movement: Properly secure the workpiece to the drill press table
using clamps or fixtures to prevent shifting or movement during drilling. Verify
that the drill press is correctly adjusted and aligned to avoid unexpected
movement or instability during operation.
o Hot Surfaces: Install heat-resistant covers or guards on exposed components of
the drill press to prevent accidental contact with hot surfaces. Provide operators
with insulated gloves or heat-resistant clothing when working in close proximity to
hot equipment.
o Slippery Surfaces: Clean up spills of oil, coolant, or other fluids promptly to
prevent slippery surfaces on the floor or worktable. Use anti-slip mats or coatings
to enhance traction and reduce the risk of slips, trips, or falls in the vicinity of the
drill press.
o Improper Tool Use: Provide comprehensive training to operators on the
selection, inspection, and use of drill bits, accessories, and cutting tools.
Implement strict procedures for tool inspection, maintenance, and replacement to
ensure they are in good condition and suitable for the job at hand.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: coe.alangilan@g.batstate-u.edu.ph | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
IV. Conclusion
The screeching of metal against metal, the turning of drills, the hiss of grinding tools—
these familiar sounds describes the typical machine shop, where skilled machinists
operate heavy-duty equipment to produce precision parts. But behind the noise lies an
unknown of danger that can take a deadly toll if safety is not made a priority. One must
keep that in mind. In fact, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, machine shops
accounted for over 2,800,000 nonfatal workplace injuries in 2022 alone. While meticulous
care goes into crafting the perfect part, equal attention must be paid to mitigating the
hazards inherent in working with powerful metalworking machinery. A momentary lapse
in focus or a small oversight can have catastrophic consequences, as evident in the case
of a young machinist who lost three fingers while operating an unguarded lathe. Again, a
great maker follows great responsibility.