Lesson 4 Grammatical Signals and Expressions Learning Competency 1 Use appropriate grammatical signals or expressions suitable to each pattern of idea development: general to particular, claim and counterclaim, problemsolution, cause-effect, and others (EN8G-IIa-9). Objectives ● identify the grammatical signals and expressions used in sentences; and ● write narrative paragraphs using grammatical signals and expressions. Essential Question What are the grammatical signals and expressions that can be used when writing short stories? Warm Up! Fill in the Blanks 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases that will complete the idea of the paragraph. as a result in general for instance one kind of I remember being scared of balloons ever since I was a little child. _________________, I seldom attend parties and other events that might use balloons _________________. _________________, during my best friend’s birthday party, she insisted to have buntings instead of balloons. This fear of balloons popping is _________________ phobia called globophobia. Warm Up! 2. Answer the following questions: a. What other words can be used to fill in the blanks of the paragraph? b. Would the paragraph still make sense without these words in the blanks? Why or why not? Share your answers and discuss them with a partner. Review 1● What are grammatical signals and expressions? ● How are grammatical signals and expressions used? Learn about It! Grammatical signals or expressions ● words that are used in order to show the relationship of one idea to another and to provide direction to the text Kinds of Grammatical signals or expressions ● General to particular ● Comparison and contrast ● Cause and effect ● Chronological ● Classification ● Exemplification Learn about It! General to particular (and vice versa) ● in general, generally, specifically, particularly, to be more specific, overall Overall, the guests were satisfied with the accommodation and the service of the staff. They had no complaints or anything. I just hope that they spread the word so that other visitors would choose to stay at our inn. Learn about It! Comparison and contrast ● similarly, in contrast, on the other hand, comparatively, likewise, nevertheless, conversely, however Mr. Patches felt slighted by the remark of Ms. Blotches on his recent song. He did not expect her, his dearest friend, to say such things about his creations. Similarly, Ms. Blotches was not happy to say her criticisms about her friend’s new song, but she had to be honest with him and with herself. She really could not stand his recent songs. Compared to his songs two or three years ago, his songs these days sound repetitive and do not have the depth his songs used to have. Learn about It! Cause and effect ● as a result, because, due to, for this reason, therefore, as a consequence, owing to Marlo did not listen to the warnings of his grandma not to climb the old tree in the backyard. There were a lot of big, red ants all over it. As a result of his hardheadedness, he was bitten in different areas and suffered excruciating pain. Grandma put ointment on the parts where he was bitten, and waited for two days for the bite marks to subside. Learn about It! Chronological ● first, second, next, after, during, lastly, finally First, the students went to the small greenhouse garden to look at the different vegetables planted there. Then, they went down the dungeon to see the ancient tools. Next, they went up the Great Hall for the teacher’s explanation of their next set of activities. When they were done with the activities, they went up the tower to observe the grounds. Finally, they moved to the forest where they saw different mystical creatures. Learn about It! Classification ● one kind of, another kind, classified as, one category, belonging in this category Allen has different collections of comics. One category is all about superhero stories. Another kind is on local mythical creatures. Another one is about random stories shared by comic artists. His collection is such a diverse one that when one sees it, one cannot stop oneself from leafing through most of it. Learn about It! Exemplification ● for example, for instance, namely, to illustrate I don’t know about any of our other friends, but Kamie is doing so many eccentric things lately. For example, she wore a Filipiniana terno to our costume party. She did not specify who she was cosplaying, she just said that she felt like wearing it. In another instance, she wore the same pair of jeans for a week. She said it was a statement, but I honestly did not understand it. Then yesterday, she just screamed, “Freedom! Freedom! Freedooooom!” out of nowhere. I did not even bother to ask, but it was all really strange to me. I wonder what’s happening to her? Writing Prompts Underline the grammatical signals and expressions in each sentence. Write its classification on the space provided. (2 points each) ________ 1. In contrast to his claims that this place does not serve delicious meals, I find all of it tasty and delicious. It has a distinct taste, but it’s not bad at all. _______ 2. Paulo devoted so much of his time practicing the piano. As a result, he can now play some of the most difficult piano pieces that are famous all over the world. Writing Prompts ______ 3. Generally, we do an inspection of the place first before booking it for our vacation. We just want to avoid inconveniences once we get to the place. Particularly, we check the security and the accessibility of the place to different locations. ______ 4. Migo loves sweets so much. I mean, so very much. For example, he can eat a whole bar of chocolate in one sitting and still crave for more. Sometimes I wonder if he even thinks of his blood sugar level at all. ______ 5. First, they want me to present my storyboard. Then, they will discuss if they would like to use it in their campaign. If they approve it, then we will set another meeting. Finally, when the contracts are signed, we will begin working on it. Writing Prompts Write sentences using the indicated grammatical signals and expressions. 1. nevertheless 2. classified as 3. namely 4. for this reason 5. specifically Writing Prompts Complete the paragraph by writing the grammatical signals and expressions in the blanks. first for instance lastly likewise second Hermione is a popular student in our school. (1) ________________, a lot of us admire her for her diligence at studying while being an athlete. She excels in academics and wins at competitions. (2) ________________, she also has a huge heart. Last month, she did three acts of selflessness that made everyone admire her more. (3) ________________, she rescued a cat trapped in an old shed. (4) ________________, she gave her jacket to a homeless child even though it was cold. (5) ________________, she helped organize a charity program for the elders who are in the home for the aged. Values Integration How the can proper use of grammatical signals and expressions be helpful in your daily communication? Synthesis Heroes in Us 1. Form groups of three. 2. Write a 500-word narrative portraying yourselves as a group of heroes. 3. You must create a story of how you came to be heroes and what you did to be considered heroes. 4. Use grammatical signal words and expressions in your story. Use each type of signal word at least once in the story. 5. Answer this question: How did grammatical signals and expressions help you in writing your story? Assignment 1. Choose any short story from your previous lessons. 2. List down all the grammatical signals and expressions found in the selection. The story you choose must have at least five grammatical signals/expressions. 3. Write a short paragraph explaining how these signals and expressions added meaning to the story. 4. Write or type your work on a short bond paper.
