TEST BANK
Microbiology Fundamentals-A
Clinical
Approach, 4th Edition (Cowan),
Chapters 1 - 22 | All Chapters
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Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach, 4e
(Cowan) Chapter 1
Introduction to Microbes and
Their Building Blocks
1) When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called .
A) bioremediation
B) genetic engineering
C) epidemiology
D) immunology
E) taxonomy
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles; Basics of Genetic Engineering
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.05 Cell genomes can be manipulated to alter cell function.
2) Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?
A) Mosquito
B) Protozoan
C) Bacterium
D) Virus
E) Fungus
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
3) All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that
A) cause human disease
B) lack a cell nucleus
C) are infectious particles
D) are too small to be seen with the unaided eye
E) can only be found growing in laboratories
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.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
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4) Which activity is an example of biotechnology?
A) Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors
B) A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria
C) Egyptians using moldy bread on wounds
D) Escherichia coli producing human insulin
E) Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Basics of Genetic
Engineering Bloom's: 02.
Understand
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
5) Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed
A) bacteria
B) viruses
C) parasites
D) microorganisms
E) prokaryotes
.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Cellular Organization
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
6) The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes
are called
.
A) decomposers
B) prokaryotes
C) pathogens
D) eukaryotes
E) fermenters
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 06.01 Microbes are essential for life, as we know it, and the processes
that support life (e.g. in biogeochemical cycles and plant/animal microflora).
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7) Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have
traditionally been called .
A) decomposers
B) prokaryotes
C) pathogens
D) eukaryotes
E) fermenters
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Cellular Organization
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
8) The first cells appeared about
ago. A) 5.2
B) 4.6
C) 3.8
D) 2.9
E) 1.5
billion years
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.01
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
9) Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms?
A) Making bread
B) Treating water and sewage
C) Manufacturing copper wire
D) Mass producing antibiotics
E) Cleaning up oil spills
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
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10) Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
A) biotechnology
B) bioremediation
C) decomposition
D) immunology
E) epidemiology
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
11) Disease-causing microorganisms are called
A) decomposers
B) prokaryotes
C) pathogens
D) eukaryotes
E) fermenters
.
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
12) The most prevalent worldwide infectious diseases are
A) AIDS-related diseases
B) diarrheal diseases
C) malaria diseases
D) measles
E) respiratory diseases
.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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.
13) Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them
from the other major groups of microorganisms?
A) Cause human disease
B) Lack a nucleus
C) Cannot be seen without a microscope
D) Contain genetic material
E) Lack cell structure
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.01
Topic: General Viral Properties
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
14) Helminths are
A) bacteria
B) protozoa
C) molds
D) parasitic worms
E) infectious particles
.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 01.
Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
15) Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a
protein covering?
A) Viruses
B) Bacteria
C) Parasites
D) Fungi
E) Helminths
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: General Viral Properties
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
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16) Which statement correctly compares the sizes of different microorganisms?
A) Bacteria are larger than viruses
B) Bacteria are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms
C) Eukaryotic microorganisms are smaller than viruses
D) Archaea are larger than eukaryotic microorganisms but smaller than bacteria
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best
reflected in phylogenetic trees.
17) The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see
and record microorganisms was .
A) Francesco Redi
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Joseph Lister
E) Robert Koch
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been
revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent,
and electron).
18) Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that
A) microbes are found on dust particles.
B) a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.
C) life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms.
D) a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom.
E) microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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19) The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to
surgery was
.
A) Joseph Lister
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Robert Koch
D) Louis Pasteur
E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology; Basics of Microbial Control
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical,
chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
20) Sterility refers to
A) being pathogen free.
B) having an absence of spores.
C) having an absence of any life forms and viral particles.
D) being pasteurized.
E) being homogenized.
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.02
Topic: Basics of Microbial Control
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical,
chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
21) Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus
anthracis?
A) Joseph Lister
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Robert Koch
D) Louis Pasteur
E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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22) If you were a microbiologist in 1950, which of the following scientific principles would
you already know?
A) Aseptic techniques could reduce the number of wound infections in the surgical
setting.
B) Biofilms can form on implanted objects in the human body and be responsible for
infection.
C) Enzymes found in bacteria can be used to cut DNA.
D) Very little DNA is transcribed into RNA that is then translated into proteins.
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.03 The regulation of gene expression is influenced by external and
internal molecular cues and/or signals.
23) Taxonomy does not involve
A) nomenclature
B) classification
C) taxa
D) identification
E) common name
.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
24) Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and
naming of organisms?
A) Nomenclature
B) Taxonomy
C) Phylogeny
D) Woesean classification
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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25) The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is called
A) classification
B) identification
C) nomenclature
D) experimentation
E) biotechnology
.
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 01.
Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
26) Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?
A) Species
B) Phylum
C) Kingdom
D) Genus
E) Family
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 02.
Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
27) The smallest and most significant taxon is
A) genus
B) species
C) kingdom
D) family
E) phylum
.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 02.
Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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28) Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy:
A) family, order, class
B) family, genus, species
C) genus, species, family
D) class, phylum, order
E) kingdom, domain, phylum
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 01.
Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
29) Which of the following is a scientific name?
A) Gram-positive streptococcus
B) Staphylococcus
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Anthrax
E) Streptobacilli
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 01.
Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
30) When assigning a scientific name to an organism,
A) the species name is capitalized.
B) the species name is placed first.
C) the species name can be abbreviated.
D) both genus and species names are capitalized.
E) both genus and species names are italicized or underlined.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of
Microorganisms Bloom's: 01.
Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
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written and oral format.
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31) The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called
A) biotechnology
B) genetics
C) recombinant DNA
D) phylogeny
E) taxonomy
,
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
32) Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual, structural, and
functional changes over long periods of time?
A) Morphology
B) Phylogeny
C) Evolution
D) Genetics
E) None of the choices is correct.
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.01
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
33) A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is
working on .
A) determining evolutionary relatedness
B) bioremediation
C) recombinant DNA
D) nomenclature
E) determining if that species is the cause of a new disease
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: Genetic Analyses
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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34) The scientist(s) who proposed organisms be assigned to one of three domains
is(are)
.
A) Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Carl Woese and George Fox
D) Robert Whittaker
E) Francesco Redi
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
35) Which scientific name is written correctly?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) staphylococcus aureus
C) Staphylococcus Aureus
D) Staphylococcus aureus
E) STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
36) A scientist studying helminths is working with bacteria.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.02 Mutations and horizontal gene transfer, along with the immense
variety of microenvironments, have resulted in a vast diversity of microorganisms.
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37) Current evidence indicates that bacteria and archaea existed on earth for
approximately 2 billion years before eukaryotes appeared.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.01
Topic: History of
Microbiology Bloom's: 02.
Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
38) A scientific theory, like the theory of evolution, is just our best guess at explaining a
scientific phenomenon, but a theory cannot be considered fact.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.01
Topic: History of
Microbiology Bloom's: 02.
Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
39) Many chronic conditions are found to be associated with microbial agents.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
40) All microorganisms are considered pathogens.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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41) The term sterile means free of all life forms.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.01
Topic: Basics of Microbial Control
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical,
chemical, mechanical, and biological methods.
42) Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those
shared by members of the same kingdom.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
43) Once an organism is assigned to a particular taxonomic hierarchy, it is permanent
and cannot be revised.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
44) Viruses are not classified in any of Whittaker's five kingdoms.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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45) The names of the three domains are: Bacteria, Protista, and Eukarya (Eukaryota).
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best
reflected in phylogenetic trees.
46) One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in
extreme environments.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic
ecosystems.
47) Microbes have been found existing in salty, acidic lakes.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic
ecosystems.
48) Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element
other atoms.
A) carbon
B) nitrogen
C) oxygen
D) hydrogen
E) phosphorous
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
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bonded to
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
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Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
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49) Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are chains of
A) hydrophobic molecules
B) electrolytic molecules
C) repeating monomers
D) repeating carbohydrates
E) hydrogen bonds
.
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
50) All of the following are monosaccharides except
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) fructose
D) ribose
E) deoxyribose
.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
51) All of the following are polysaccharides except
A) glycogen in liver and muscle.
B) agar used to make solid culture media.
C) a cell's glycocalyx.
D) cellulose in certain cell walls.
E) prostaglandins in inflammation.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
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disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
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52) All of the following are lipids except
A) cholesterol
B) starch
C) phospholipid
D) wax
E) triglyceride
.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
53) What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?
A) Fatty acids
B) Glycerol
C) Phosphate
D) Alcohol
E) All of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
54) A fat is called
if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to two
other carbons and two hydrogens.
A) unsaturated
B) polyunsaturated
C) monounsaturated
D) saturated
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
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ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
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55) The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules is
A) prostaglandins
B) waxes
C) phospholipids
D) steroids
E) triglycerides
.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
56) The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes is the
A) prostaglandins
B) waxes
C) phospholipids
D) steroids
E) triglycerides
.
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
57) The building blocks of an enzyme are
A) nucleotides
B) glycerol and fatty acids
C) monosaccharides
D) phosphate, glycerol, and fatty acids
E) amino acids
.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.03
Topic: Biochemistry; Enzymes
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
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written and oral format.
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58) Which is not true about enzymes?
A) They are found in all cells.
B) They are catalysts.
C) Their shape determines their function.
D) They can be denaturated by heat and other agents.
E) They have high-energy bonds between phosphates.
ANSWER: E
Section: 01.03
Topic: Biochemistry; Enzymes
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
59) Which amino acid contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in its
tertiary structure?
A) Valine
B) Cysteine
C) Serine
D) Alanine
E) Tyrosine
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
60) What type of bonds are formed between adjacent amino acids?
A) Glycosilic
B) Ester
C) Peptide
D) Disulfide
E) Phosphate
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
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disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
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61) The alpha helix is a type of
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) None of the choices is correct.
protein structure.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
62) One nucleotide contains
.
A) one phosphate
B) one pentose sugar
C) one nitrogen base
D) All of the choices are correct
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
63) Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?
A) Contains ribose
B) Contains adenine
C) Contains thymine
D) Contains uracil
E) Contains nucleotides
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
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64) ATP is best described as
A) an enzyme
B) a double helix
C) an electron carrier
D) the energy molecule of cells
E) All of the choices are correct.
.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
65) You are trying to identify a chemical that consists of adenine, ribose,
and three phosphates. What is this chemical?
A) DNA
B) RNA
C) ATP
D) Phospholipid
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
66) A student forgot to label a beaker containing a DNA solution and a beaker containing a
glucose solution. If chemical analysis was performed to identify the contents of each
beaker, which of the following would be found in the beaker of DNA but not in the
beaker with glucose?
A) Amino acids
B) Hydrogen and oxygen atoms
C) Nitrogen and phosphorus
D) Fatty acids
E) Carbon atoms
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function; Biochemistry
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.01b Ability to apply the process of science: Analyze and interpret
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results from a variety of microbiological methods, and apply these methods to
analogous situations.
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67) Purines and pyrimidines are components in the building block units of all
A) nucleic acids
B) carbohydrates
C) polysaccharides
D) amino acids
E) enzymes
.
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
68) Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
A) Uracil
B) Adenine
C) Thymine
D) Cytosine
E) All of these are pyrimidines.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
69) During protein synthesis,
A) transfer
B) messenger
C) ribosomal
D) All of the choices are correct.
RNA is made as a copy of a gene from DNA.
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
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70) Characteristics shared by all cells include
A) a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
B) the possession of genetic information.
C) the presence of cellular fluid.
D) All of these choices are correct.
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.03
Topic: Cellular Organization
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and all
major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.
71) The purine
always binds with the pyrimidine
A) guanine, cytosine
B) cytosine, guanine
C) adenine, guanine
D) thymine, guanine
in DNA and RNA.
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.03
Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow
ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the
processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukaryotes.
72) All proteins are enzymes.
ANSWER: FALSE
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
73) The most important outcome of polypeptide intrachain bonding and folding is the
unique shape of the protein.
ANSWER: TRUE
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
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Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
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74) Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of organization.
ANSWER: FALSE
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
75) Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the relationship between
humans and microbes?
A) The majority of microorganisms that colonize humans are pathogenic
B) Microorganisms are benefited from their colonization of humans, whereas
humans are unaffected by the relationship
C) Humans are colonized by bacteria and fungi, but not viruses
D) Not only do the majority of colonizing bacteria cause no harm to humans, the
relationship is beneficial for both microbe and human host
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
76) Which list correctly ranks the microorganisms from largest to smallest?
A) Zika virus, Bacillus anthracis, Aspergillis sp., Helminth
B) Aspergillis sp., Zika virus, Bacillus anthracis, Helminth
C) Bacillus anthracis, Helminth, Aspergillis sp., Zika virus
D) Helminth, Aspergillis sp., Bacillus anthracis, Zika virus
E) Helminth, Aspergillis sp., Zika virus, Bacillus anthracis,
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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77) The Nobel Prize was awarded to Kary Mullis in 1993 for inventing what technique to
amplify and subsequently analyze DNA?
A) Polymerase chain reaction
B) The central dogma of biology
C) Restriction enzyme analysis
D) Human microbiome project
E) Small RNA analysis
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 06.03 Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
78) Which of the following statements correctly determines the process when
following the scientific method?
A) Formulate question, conduct research, propose hypothesis, test hypothesis
B) Propose hypothesis, test hypothesis, formulate question, conduct research
C) Formulate question, propose hypothesis, test hypothesis, conduct research
D) Conduct research, formulate question, propose hypothesis, test hypothesis
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.01a Ability to apply the process of science: Demonstrate an ability
to formulate hypotheses and design experiments, based on the scientific method.
79) If a hypothesis is accepted, then the findings become a scientific law.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.01a Ability to apply the process of science: Demonstrate an ability
to formulate hypotheses and design experiments, based on the scientific method.
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80) The acceptance or rejection of a hypothesis is based on a series of educated
guesses and opinions. Once the opinion is widely accepted it becomes a theory.
ANSWER:
FALSESection:
01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.01b Ability to apply the process of science: Analyze and interpret
results from a variety of microbiological methods, and apply these methods to
analogous situations.
81) Which of the features listed below is not found in all cells?
A) Cytoplasmic membrane
B) Ribosomes
C) DNA
D) Nucleus
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.03
Topic: Cellular Organization
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
82) Despite the lack of a membrane-bound nucleus, bacteria and archaea are cells with
a complex organizational structure.
ANSWER:
TRUESection:
01.03
Topic: Cellular Organization
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 02 Structure and Function
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in
phylogenetic trees.
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83) Organisms were classified into kingdoms as they were defined. Which list reflects
the order of discovery of the kingdoms as we know them today?
A) Monera, protista, fungi, plants and animals
B) Plants and animals, protista, monera, fungi
C) Fungi, monera, plants and animals, protista
D) Protista, fungi, monera, plants and animals,
E) Monera, plants and animals, protista, fungi
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best
reflected in phylogenetic trees.
84) Carl Woese and George Fox developed the three-domain system of taxonomy
based on what molecular discovery?
A) Variations in the ribonucleic acid of the small ribosomal subunit of organisms
B) Mutations in enzyme proteins
C) Genetic analysis showing that bacteria and archaea are identical
D) Molecular analysis of genes showing that eukaryotes evolved from bacteria, and
bacteria evolved from archaea
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best
reflected in phylogenetic trees.
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NCLEX Prep - Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer
the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
Ms. Smith is a 29-year-old patient at the outpatient psychiatric clinic. While completing
her assessment you notice her hands are red, raw, and show signs of recent bleeding.
She explains that she washes all her clothes in bleach, and uses the chemical to clean
her hands several times a day. She states "I need to sterilize myself and my
environment of all germs so I do not get sick." While developing her nursing plan of care,
you educate her about the importance of bacteria to the health and well being of not only
humans, but also our planet.
85) Microorganisms have inhabited the Earth for billions of years, and can be found
inhabiting a variety of environments. In fact, microbes performing anoxygenic
photosynthesis led to the oxygenation of early Earth's atmosphere. These ancient
organisms were
.
A) bacteria
B) eukaryotes
C) viruses
D) prions
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: Cellular Organization; History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution; Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 01.01 Cells, organelles (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts) and
all major metabolic pathways evolved from early prokaryotic cells.; 05.03
Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other.
86) The RN applies therapeutic communication techniques to assess of Ms. Smith's
understanding of the principle of sterility. Her statement of "I need to sterilize myself and
my environment of all germs so I do not get sick" would be best followed by which of the
following questions by the RN?
A) How does being in an unsterile environment make you feel?
B) Can you tell me more about what sterility means to you?
C) How does washing your hands with bleach make you sterile?
D) Can you tell me more about why you are afraid of germs?
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems; Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify
each other.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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87) As Ms. Smith progresses with her plan of care, the RN provides education regarding
beneficial applications of microbes. Scientists use microbes to produce drugs,
hormones, and enzymes. This type of biotechnology involves the transfer of foreign
genetic material into a microbe, a process called
.
A) recombinant DNA technology
B) gene therapy
C) bioremediation
D) polymerase chain reaction
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles; Basics of Genetic Engineering
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow; Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms
ASM Objective: 04.05 Cell genomes can be manipulated to alter cell function.; 06.03
Humans utilize and harness microorganisms and their products.
NCLEX Prep - Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer
the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
Wanda is a medical assistant and the newest employee of your healthcare team. You
notice that she does not wash her hands in between patient visits. From your
microbiology background, you understand that microbes are not visible with the naked
eye. As the only nurse in your small medical office, you provide education for Wanda
on the importance of hand washing.
88) Many microbes that inhabit the skin have the potential to cause disease. One such
pathogen is
Staphylococcus aureus. The genus name of this organism is most properly represented
as
.
A) aureus
B) Staphylococcus
C) staphylococcus
D) Aureus
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.04
Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution; Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected
in phylogenetic trees.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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89) Wanda is receptive to the nurse's teaching. In reinforcing the prevalence of
microbes in our environment, the nurse describes the experiments of Louis Pasteur.
Pasteur hypothesized that microbes were in the air and dust. Through experiments
using swan-necked flasks, he disproved the concept of
.
A) spontaneous mutation
B) spontaneous generation
C) aseptic theory
D) biogenesis
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.02
Topic: History of Microbiology
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic
ecosystems.
90) Hand washing in the healthcare environment is aimed at reducing the number of
microbes in the medical setting to prevent the spread of infection and disease. Which
of these terms best represents this technique?
A) Sterilization
B) Asepsis
C) Disinfection
D) Antisepsis
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.01
Topic: Microbial Roles
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic
ecosystems.; 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both human and
non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
91) Viruses may also be transmitted to patients, even though they differ from bacteria in
that they are .
A) parasitic invertebrate animals
B) infectious proteins
C) metabolically active eukaryotes
D) noncellular particles
ANSWER: D
Section: 01.01
Topic: General Viral Properties
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 05 Systems
ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, interact with both
human and non-human hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways.
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NCLEX Prep - Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer
the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
Breonna Jones is 16 years old, 5'4", and weighs 93 lb. She was admitted to an inpatient
medical unit 2 days ago after collapsing at the local high school. Her parents knew she
was skinny and had lost weight in the past few months, but had no idea that her life was
in danger. The medical team has instituted treatment for anorexia nervosa. As you
develop Breonna's nursing plan of care, you take into consideration the four major
biological molecules that are building blocks of all cells.
92) The nurse implements an extensive nutrition education plan for Breonna,
beginning at the molecular level. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
are the four main families of biological molecules referred to as
.
A) macromolecules
B) monosaccharides
C) polysaccharides
D) micromolecules
ANSWER: A
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
93) The structure of proteins is complex and unique, and only specific molecules can
interact with their surface features. The natural shape of each protein is termed the
native state. When proteins are exposed to heat, acid, or alcohol, their shape is
disrupted and they become nonfunctional or
.
A) digested
B) denatured
C) distorted
D) depolymerized
ANSWER: B
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other disciplines:
Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in written and oral
format.
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94) You inform Breonna that it is important for her to maintain a diet rich in
carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, so that each of these macromolecules can be
metabolized to form a high-energy compound called .
A) cGMP
B) RNA
C) ATP
D) NAD
ANSWER: C
Section: 01.03
Topic:
Biochemistry
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.03a Ability to communicate and collaborate with other
disciplines: Effectively communicate fundamental concepts of microbiology, in
written and oral format.
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach, 4e (Cowan)
Chapter 2 Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic
Analysis of Microorganisms
1) The Five I's of studying microorganisms include all of the following except
A) inoculation
B) incubation
C) infection
D) isolation
E) identification
.
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms; Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to
enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
2) The term that refers to the purposeful addition of microorganisms into a laboratory
nutrient medium is .
A) isolation
B) inoculation
C) immunization
D) infection
E) contamination
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ANSWER: B
Section: 02.01
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Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
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3) A pure culture contains
.
A) only one species of microorganism
B) only bacteria
C) a variety of microbes from one source
D) a variety of species from the same genus
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
4) The correct microbiological term for the tiny sample of specimen that is put into a
nutrient medium in order to produce a culture is the .
A) colony
B) inoculum
C) streak
D) loop
E) incubator
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
5) Which of the following is essential for development of discrete, isolated colonies?
A) Broth medium
B) Differential medium
C) Selective medium
D) Solid medium
E) Assay medium
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
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6) Which method often results in colonies developing down throughout the agar along
with some colonies on the surface?
A) Streak plate
B) Spread plate
C) Pour plate
D) All of the choices are correct.
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
7) What type of isolation technique is most effective for the majority of applications?
A) Pour plate
B) Streak plate
C) Spread plate
D) Loop dilution
E) Culture plate
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
8) Which of the following will result when 1% to 5% agar is added to nutrient broth,
boiled, and cooled?
A) A pure culture
B) A mixed culture
C) A solid medium
D) A liquid medium
E) A contaminated medium
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
9) Agar is an important component of media because
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.
A) bacteria require agar to grow
B) agar inhibits mold growth
C) agar provides a solid surface for bacterial growth
D) agar prevents contamination
E) All of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
10) The three physical forms of laboratory media are
A) solid, liquid, and gas
B) solid, semisolid, and liquid
C) streak plate, pour plate, and broth
D) aerobic, anaerobic, and micro aerobic
E) None of the choices are correct.
.
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
11) Which of the following is not an inoculating tool?
A) Petri dish
B) Loop
C) Needle
D) Pipette
E) Swab
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques
to enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
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12) Agar is a complex polysaccharide that comes from a(n)
A) green plant
B) fungus
C) mold
D) algae
E) euglena
.
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
13) Which of the following is not a benefit of agar as a solid medium?
A) Has flexibility
B) Holds moisture
C) Can be inoculated and poured at a temperature that is not harmful
D) Is solid at room temperature
E) Is digested by most microbes
ANSWER: E
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques
to enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
14) A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified, and their
precise concentrations known and reproducible, would be termed .
A) a complex media
B) a reducing media
C) an enriched media
D) a chemically defined media
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
15) A nutrient medium that contains at least one ingredient that is NOT chemically
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definable
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would be termed
A) complex
B) reducing
C) enriched
D) synthetic
E) minimal
.
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and
isolate microorganisms.
16) All of the following are examples of different types of microbiological media except
.
A) broth
B) enriched
C) agar
D) petri dish
E) selective
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
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17) Which type of media would be the best choice when shipping a sample of
bacteria to a laboratory to be tested from a satellite office site?
A) Transport
B) EMB
C) Blood
D) Thioglycollate
E) General purpose
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular
lab equipment and methods.
18) A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli into a
culture medium. Following incubation, only the E. coli grows in the culture. What is the
most likely explanation?
A) The microbiologist used too much inoculum.
B) The culture is contaminated.
C) The incubation temperature was incorrect.
D) The culture medium must be selective.
E) The culture medium must be differential.
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking; Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 07.01b Ability to apply the process of science: Analyze and interpret
results from a variety of microbiological methods and apply these methods to analogous
situations.; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to enrich for and isolate
microorganisms.
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19) A common medium used for growing fastidious bacteria is
A) blood agar
B) trypticase soy agar
C) mannitol salt agar
D) MacConkey medium
E) a reducing medium
.
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms; Microbial Growth and Nutrition
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways; Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 08.02 Use pure culture and
selective techniques to enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
20) A reducing medium contains _
.
A) sugars that can be fermented
B) extra oxygen
C) hemoglobin, vitamins, or other growth factors
D) substances that remove oxygen
E) inhibiting agents
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
21) Which type of medium is able to distinguish different species or types of
microorganisms based on an observable change in the colonies or in the medium?
A) Differential
B) Selective
C) Enumeration
D) Enriched
E) Reducing
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.01
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms; Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
22) Differential media results in which of the following growth characteristics?
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A) Different color colonies
B) Different media color post incubation
C) Precipitates
D) Gas bubbles
E) All of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: E
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
23) A reducing media is used to culture
A) fastidious organisms.
B) aerobic organisms.
C) anaerobic organisms.
D) any pathogenic organisms.
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms; Microbial Growth and Nutrition
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways; Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 08.03 Use appropriate
methods to identify microorganisms (media-based, molecular and serological).
24) For which bacterial genus does mannitol salt agar differentiate between species?
A) Salmonella
B) Streptococcus
C) Neisseria
D) Staphylococcus
E) Escherichia
ANSWER: D
Section: 02.01
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms; Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).
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25) A microbiologist must culture a patient's feces for intestinal pathogens. Which of the
following would likely be present in selective media for analyzing this fecal specimen?
A) NaCl
B) Sheep red blood cells
C) Bile salts
D) Thioglycollic acid
E) Peptone
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Identifying Microorganisms; Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to
enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
26) Bacteria that require special growth factors and complex nutrients are termed
A) aerobic
B) anaerobic
C) fastidious
D) microaerophilic
E) autotrophic
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms; Microbial Growth and Nutrition
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.
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.
27) A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus aureus into a culture medium.
Following incubation, both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis
are determined to be growing in this culture. What is the most likely explanation?
A) The microbiologist used too much inoculum.
B) The culture is contaminated.
C) The incubation temperature was incorrect.
D) The culture medium must be selective.
E) The culture medium must be differential.
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms
Bloom's: 03. Apply
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking; Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.03 Use appropriate methods to identify microorganisms (mediabased, molecular and serological).; 07.01b Ability to apply the process of science:
Analyze and interpret results from a variety of microbiological methods and apply these
methods to analogous situations.; 08.02 Use pure culture and selective techniques to
enrich for and isolate microorganisms.
28) Newly inoculated cultures must be
growth.
A) streaked
B) poured
C) incubated
D) contaminated
E) All of the choices are correct.
at a specific temperature to encourage
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.01
Topic: Culturing Microorganisms; Microbial Growth and Nutrition
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways; Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given
environment depends on its metabolic characteristics.; 03.04 The growth of
microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological
means.; 08.05 Use appropriate microbiological and molecular lab equipment and
methods.
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29) A rod-shaped bacterium is measured as 0.3 micrometers (μm) in length using
an ocular micrometer. Your instructor wants you to report the length in millimeters
(mm) to test your understanding of metric conversions. What is the length of the
organism in millimeters?
A) 0.0003 mm
B) 300 mm
C) 0.03 mm
D) 3 mm
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.02
Topic:
Microscopy
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.02 Ability to use quantitative reasoning: Use mathematical reasoning
and graphing skills to solve problems in microbiology.
30) An enveloped virus measures 0.02 micrometers (μm) in diameter. What is the
diameter of this virus in nanometers (nm)?
A) 20 nm
B) 0.00002 nm
C) 2 nm
D) 0.2 nm
ANSWER: A
Section: 02.02
Topic:
Microscopy
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking
ASM Objective: 07.02 Ability to use quantitative reasoning: Use mathematical reasoning
and graphing skills to solve problems in microbiology.
31) The
A) stage
B) condenser
C) objective
D) ocular
E) nosepiece
of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses.
ANSWER: E
Section: 02.02
Topic:
Microscopy
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
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microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
32) Which of the following magnifies the specimen to produce its real image?
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A) Condenser
B) Objective lens
C) Ocular lens
D) Body
E) Nosepiece
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.02
Topic: Microscopy
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
33) Which of the following magnifies the specimen to produce its virtual image?
A) Objective lens
B) Ocular lens
C) Condenser
D) Body
E) Iris diaphragm
ANSWER: B
Section: 02.02
Topic: Microscopy
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
34) Which of the following controls the amount of light entering the specimen?
A) Objective lens
B) Ocular lens
C) Condenser
D) Body
E) Iris diaphragm
ANSWER: E
Section: 02.02
Topic: Microscopy
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
35) If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950x, what is the
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magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10x?
A) 100x
B) 950x
C) 85x
D) 850x
E) 95x
ANSWER: E
Section: 02.02
Topic: Microscopy
Bloom's: 02. Understand
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
36) Magnification is achieved in a compound microscope through the initial magnification
of the specimen by the lens. This image is then projected to the
lens
that
will
further magnify the specimen to form a virtual image received by the eye.
A) ocular; objective
B) scanning; objective
C) objective; ocular
D) ocular; oil
E) None of the choices are correct.
ANSWER: C
Section: 02.02
Topic: Microscopy
Bloom's: 01. Remember
ASM Topic: Module 08 Microbiology Skills
ASM Objective: 08.01 Properly prepare and view specimens for examination using
microscopy (bright field and, if possible, phase contrast).; 08.05 Use appropriate
microbiological and molecular lab equipment and methods.
IF YOU WANT THIS TEST BANK OR
SOLUTION MANUAL EMAIL ME
donc8246@gmail.com TO RECEIVE ALL
CHAPTERS IN PDF FORMAT
IF YOU WANT THIS TEST BANK OR
SOLUTION MANUAL EMAIL ME
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donc8246@gmail.com TO RECEIVE ALL
CHAPTERS IN PDF FORMAT
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