JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS
ABROAD
LESSON 4
José Rizal and the
Propaganda Movement
José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement
Between 1872 and 1892
- A national consciousness was growing among the
Filipino émigrés who had settled in Europe.
Propagandists
- who included upper-class Filipinos from all the
lowland Christian areas, strove to "awaken the
sleeping intellect of the Spaniard to the needs of our
country" and to create a closer, more equal association
of the islands and the motherland.
GOALS OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
REPRESENTATION OF
THE PHILIPPINES IN
THE CORTES
LEGALIZATION OF
SPANISH AND
FILIPINO EQUALITY
SECULARIZATION
OF THE CLERGY
CREATION OF A
PUBLIC SCHOOL
SYSTEM
INDEPENDENT
GOALS OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
ABOLITION OF THE
POLO (LABOR
SERVICE)
GUARANTEE OF
BASIC FREEDOMS
OF SPEECH AND
ASSOCIATION
ABOLITION OF THE
VANDALA (forced sale
of local products to the
government)
EQUALITY OPPORTUNITY
FOR FILIPINOS AND
SPANISH TO ENTER
GOVERNMENT SERVICE
José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement
The most outstanding Propagandist was José Rizal, a
physician, scholar, scientist, and writer.
His greatest impact on the development of a Filipino
national consciousness, however, was his publication of
two novels--Noli Me Tangere (Touch me not) in 1886 and
El Filibusterismo (The reign of greed) in 1891.
José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement
Graciano Lopez Jaena
- a noted orator and pamphleteer who had left the
islands for Spain in 1880 after the publication of his
satirical short novel, Fray Botod (Brother Fatso), an
unflattering portrait of a provincial friar.
Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt
- an Austrian geographer and ethnologist whom Rizal had
met in Germany.
- a significant contributor to the publication La
Solidaridad.
José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement
Marcelo del Pilar
- a reformminded lawyer.
- active in the anti-friar movement in the islands until obliged
to flee to Spain in 1888, where he became editor of La
Solidaridad and assumed leadership of the Filipino
community in Spain.
•
•
The Propaganda Movement languished after Rizal's arrest
and the collapse of the Liga Filipina.
La Solidaridad went out of business in November 1895, and
in 1896 both del Pilar and Lopez Jaena died in Barcelona,
worn down by poverty and disappointment.
THE TRAVELS
OF RIZAL
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ May 1882
- Rizal left the Philippines aboard the ship
Salvadora without the knowledge of his
parents and other family members.
- He traveled under the name Jose Mercado.
✓ Mid -June 1882
- Rizal arrived in Barcelona
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ November 3, 1882
- Rizal enrolled at the Central Unibersidad de
Madrid for a medical course.
✓ June 1883
- He travelled to France to observe how medicine
was being practiced there.
✓ June 21, 1884
- Rizal completed his licentiate in medicine
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ Year 1885
- after his medical studies, Rizal returned to
Paris. During this time he trained in Dr. Louis
de Wecker’s clinic to increase his knowledge in
the field of ophthalmology which took about five
months.
✓ March 1887
- publication of the novel Noli Me Tangere in
Germany.
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ AUGUST 1887
- Rizal returned to Manila after five years in
Europe.
✓ APRIL 1888
- From Hongkong, Rizal traveled to Macau and
Japan before going to America. Entering San
Francisco, California
visited Nevada, Utah,
Colorado, Nebraska, Illinois and New York.
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ May 1888
- Rizal arrived in England.
✓ August 1888
- he was admitted to the British Museum, where he copied
Antonio de Morga’s massive study of the Philippines, Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas.
✓ From 1888 – 1890
- he shuttled between London and Paris, where he wrote
ethnographic and history-related studies, as well as political
articles.
JOSE RIZAL'S TRAVELS ABROAD
✓ March 1891
- Rizal finished writing his second novel, El
Filibusterismo, in France.
✓ September 1891
- El Filibusterismo was printed in Ghent,
Belgium using donations from Rizal’s friends.