PRESENTATION BYSUHANI NIGAM SUBJECTPSYCHOLOGY (MINOR) ROLL NO.- 223144 What is motivation? • The term motivation describes why a person does something. It is the driving force behind human actions. Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. • Motivation is the desire to act in service of a goal. It's the crucial element in setting and attaining our objectives. • Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human behavior. It fuels competition and sparks social connection. Its absence can lead to mental illnesses such as depression. Motivation encompasses the desire to continue striving toward meaning, purpose, and a life worth living. The word Motivation • Motivation is derived from the word 'movere' which means to move. It is the process of arousing action, sustaining activity in progress, regulating and directing pattern of activity through energy transformations within the tissues of the organism. It is an art of inculcating and stimulating interest in studies and in other such activities. Some of the aspects of motivation are stressed by the terms: incentive, intention, impulse, desire, drive, determination, need, urge, wish, want, will, longing appetite, attitude, bias, prejudice, set, readiness, purpose and the like. Let’s begin with the Motivation Cycle. • (1) Need:- In the beginning, there is a need. desire or want. • (2) Drive:- Need, desire or want gives birth to a drive or motive. • (3) Motivate to Act:- The drive or motive so produced, then motivates the organism to act for reducing the motive or drive. • (4) Goal-directed:- In this way, the behaviour of the organism becomes goal-directed. • (5) Reaching and Goal:- In the final stage of the motivational cycle, the organism reaches the desired goal and his drive or motive is satisfied. Types of Motivation Extrinsic Motivation • Extrinsic motivation is motivation that come from outside oneself. Examples include doing something for financial gain, promotion, praise or approval, or to win a competition. • Depending on the situation, extrinsic motivation can come from positive reinforcement, such as a reward, or negative reinforcement, such as a punishment. Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from within. Passion, altruism, and enjoyment may motivate someone to do something regardless of whether there is an external reward. Sometimes, a person has a mixture of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. The needs theory: MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS. Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist who developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation. Abraham Maslow was born on April 1, 1908, in Brooklyn, New York, where he grew up the first of seven children born to his Jewish parents who emigrated from Russia. 1- Psychological needs. • The physiological needs include those that are vital to survival. Some examples of physiological needs include: • Food • Water • Breathing • Homeostasis 2- Safety Needs. • At the second level of Maslow’s hierarchy, the needs start to become a bit more complex. At this level, the needs for security and safety become primary. • People want control and order in their lives. Some of the basic security and safety needs include: • Financial security • Health and wellness 3- Social Needs. • The social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy include love, acceptance, and belonging. At this level, the need for emotional relationships drives human behavior. Some of the things that satisfy this need include: • Friendships • Romantic attachments • Family relationships • Social groups • Community groups • Churches and religious organizations • In order to avoid loneliness, depression, and anxiety, it is important for people to feel loved and accepted by others. Personal relationships with friends, family, and lovers play an important role, as does involvement in groups—such as religious groups, sports teams, book clubs, and other group activities. 4- Esteem Needs. • At the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy is the need for appreciation and respect. Once the needs at the bottom three levels have been satisfied, the esteem needs begin to play a more prominent role in motivating behavior. • At this level, it becomes increasingly important to gain the respect and appreciation of others. People have a need to accomplish things, then have their efforts recognized. In addition to the need for feelings of accomplishment and prestige, esteem needs include such things as self-esteem and personal worth. 5- Self-Actualization Needs. • At the very peak of Maslow’s hierarchy are the self-actualization needs. Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others, and interested in fulfilling their potential • What a man can be, he must be," Maslow explained, referring to the need people have to achieve their full potential as human beings. • Maslow’s said of self-actualization: "It may be loosely described as the full use and exploitation of talents, capabilities, potentialities, etc. Such people seem to be fulfilling themselves and to be doing the best that they are capable of doing. They are people who have developed or are developing to the full stature of which they capable." Importance and Benefits of MOTIVATION Action may not always bring happiness, but there is no happiness without action. William James • Motivation reflects something unique about each one of us and allows us to gain valued outcomes like improved performance, enhanced wellbeing, personal growth, or a sense of purpose. Motivation is a pathway to change our way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Benefits of Motivation CONCLUSION • Motivation is vital because it serves as the fuel for our goals and aspirations. It propels us forward, helping us overcome obstacles and stay focused on what we want to achieve. Motivated individuals tend to be more productive and resilient, as they're driven to tackle challenges head-on. Beyond tangible benefits, motivation contributes to our overall happiness and well-being by giving us a sense of purpose and accomplishment. It fosters self-improvement, encourages the formation of positive habits, and even fuels our creativity. In short, motivation is the driving force behind success, personal growth, and a fulfilling life.
