UCS3312 GREEN TECHNOLOGY TOPIC 2: WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY Mdm. Nurzalikha Sa'adi University Courses & Innovative Learning nurzalikha@uts.edu.my Reducing: doing more with less Reusing: use it again Recovery/Treatment: When you can’t recycle Recycling: goes around comes around Disposal: when no alternative How far can you go? People in the zero-waste movement take the concept of “reduce, reuse, recycle” to a whole new level. The idea is to cut waste as much as possible, preferably all the way to “zero waste”. The old-school way of doing things, the “cradle-to-grave” approach: Item’s production > Item gets sold > used > thrown away. Photo credited to Google Zero-waste advocates take a “cradle-to-cradle” approach: Every used product can become a new resource. Photo credited to Google It is also known as waste prevention, means reducing waste at the source. Waste reduction helps to create less waste in the first place before reuse and recycling. 1. Clearing Out Clutter 2. Decreasing Consumption 3. Rejecting Wasteful Packaging Photo credited to Google Reuse is to use an item more than once which includes: • Conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same function; and • New-life reuse where it is used for a different function. Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Recycling is a series of activities that includes the collection of used, reused, or unused items; sorting and processing the recyclable products into raw materials; and remanufacturing the recycled raw materials into new products. 1. BLUE: Paper 2. BROWN: Glass 3. ORANGE: Aluminium cans, steel tins, and plastic. Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google Photo credited to Google New product Collection of waste paper Product : Transporting to recycling plant Slurry is spread using larger roller Mixed with water to create “slurry” Washed using soapy water Recycle Paper New product Collection & Sorting Type of Metal: ➢ Ferrous (Steel and Iron) ➢ Non-Ferrous (Aluminium, Tin, Zinc) Transporting to recycling plant Purification Recycle Metal Melting in a large furnaces Crushing in a compactors & Shredding it into small pieces Leave at drop-off points Find out recycling’s program Take to a local plastic recycling center Sorting Recycle Plastic Shredding Making of pellets Melting Cleaning Glass Treatment Plant Washed Recycle Recycle Glass Sorted Melting • Recyclable glass ❖ Jars and Bottles • Don’t recycle the broken glass ❑ ❑ Crushed Moulded Sent To Shop Workers may get injured Wrap it up in a plastic bag for safety • Product from recycled glass ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Glass containers Fiberglass Foam aggregate Ground cover Recycle E-Waste Computer & Electronics Picking Shed Separation Magnetic & Eddy Current Separation Shredding & Granulating Or Size Reduction Recycling: Is it Worth?? 1. 2. 3. Saving energy Recycling aluminium, plastic bottles, steel, paper, glass used less energy than creating new ones from scratch (Production used less energy) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions Materials produced from recycled steel, copper, glass, and paper produced carbon emissions 4-5 times lower than produce new materials Saving money For manufacturers, recycling is cheaper and requires less energ Have you ever thought about what happens after the garbage truck drives off? There are two main places where trash ends up : buried in a landfill or burned in an incinerator. Incinerator Landfill ❑After your trash gets picked up, it probably gets taken to a landfill, which is where more than half of Malaysians’ trash ends up. ❑Malaysian government prefers landfills to incineration. It is cheaper to operate and maintain compared to incinerators. The five sanitary landfills are: Kemuyang Sanitary Landfill in Sibu Sibuti Sanitary Landfill in Miri Kuching Integrated Wastes Management Par (KIWMP) in Kuching Maradong Sanitary Landfill in Sarikei Rural Rubbish Disposal Facility (RRDF) Kampung Sadir in Kuching. Landfill in Sarawak There are 46 landfills (396.2 hectares) actively operating in Sarawak; only five (5) are sanitary landfills and 41 open landfills. Out of these five, only three (Kemunyang, Sibuti and KIWMP) were equipped with wastewater treatment facilities to treat leachate. • Out of 41 open landfills, 3 landfills are dedicated to receive specific wastes, namely: 1. Kuala Baram landfill in Miri, 2. Seng Ling landfill in Sibu and 3. Ulu Segan landfill in Bintulu • Kuala Baram and Seng Ling landfill - to dump bulky wastes including construction waste. • Ulu Segan landfill - mainly used to dump untreated wood waste. Issues & Problem The standards of waste management in Malaysia are still poor: Inefficient storage and collection systems; Outdated documentation; Disposal of municipal wastes with toxic and hazardous waste, indiscriminate disposal or dumping of wastes; and Inefficient utilization of disposal site space. Incinerator o These facilities start with tons of trash, burn them at really hot temperatures, and end up with heat, gases, airborne particulates and ash. Thanks!
