SEMINAR: WEEK 1
1. This hormone stimulates spermatogenesis in men
FSH
2. Gigantism and Acromegaly are both a growth defect, the difference
between the two similar disease is being the period in which may occur. It
causes by excessive production of GH is almost always caused by a
noncancerous benign posterior pituitary gland.
TRUE
3. Gold standard for lab evaluation of GH deficiency
Insulin tolerance test
4. This hormone is responsible for estrogen production and ovulation in
women:
LH
5. Hyperglycemic Hormone
Insulin
6. Confirmatory Test for Lab evaluation for GH excess:
OGTT
7. Its unique role in regulating thyroid function and the main stimulus for the
uptake of iodide for the production of T4
Thyrotropin
8. Following OGL, GH is undetectable in normal patients. Patients with
acromegaly GH levels fail to suppress and may even rise.
A. TRUE B. FALSE
9. This substance is produced in the liver in response to GH secretion.
IGF-1
10. This hormone is considered an amphibolic hormone because it directly
influences both anabolic and catabolic process
A. FSH
B. PRL
C. None
D. GHRH
E. LH
11. A hormone that is transported to the neurohypophysis via their axons in the
hypothalamus neurohypophysial tract.
None
A.
B.
C.
D.
ACTH
TSH
LH and FSH
PRL
12. ACTH is lowest at ___
D. 12AM
13. It accounts for 75% of adenohypophysis and has a thin fibrous capsule
Pars distalis
14. It affects the permeability of the collecting tubules of the kidney and
enhancing water reabsorption, which makes the urine more concentrated
and the blood more dilute
Vasopressin
15. This stimulates the production of PRL in Anterior Pituitary:
TRH
16. True Diabetes Insipidus:
Hypothalamic DI
17. The anterior pituitary secretes five major tropic hormones controlling the
activities of their target organs and release of these hormones is regulated
primarily by hypothalamic factors carried by the hypothalamichypophyseal blood supply.
SOMEWHAT FALSE
18. A part of pituitary gland that is attached in the hypothalamus by the
infundibulum
Anterior pituitary gland
19. Most abundant hormone produce in Anterior Pituitary:
GH
20. A hormone that acts on specific endocrine organ. EXCEPT:
GH
SEMINAR: WEEK 2
21. Ideal tumor marker for thyroid cancer patients:
TBG
22. Thyroid function test:
FT3 - INCREASE FT4 - INCREASE TBG - DECREASE TSH – INCREASE
Secondary hyperthyroidism
23. Hypofunction is generally treated with exogenous hormone replacement,
and hyperfunction is generally treated with pharmacologic suppression or
surgery
TRUE
24. Most specific and sensitive test to detect thyroid disorder
TRH
25. This refers to a normal functioning thyroid gland in the presence of an
abnormal concentration of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)
Euthyroid
26. Hypothyroidism is caused by excessive thyroid hormone in the circulation,
and this caused cells to become overactive.
FALSE
27. Which of the following is not true about calcitonin?
Initiate release of calcium from the bone
28. The principal carrier thyroid hormone:
TBG
29. Most useful test for assessing thyroid function:
TSH
30. Thyroid function test:
FT3 – DECREASE FT4 – DECREASE TBG – INCREASE TSH – INCREASE
Primary hypothyroidism
31. It acts as a performed matrix containing tyrosyl group:
Thyroglobulin
32. By the first semester, the thyroid gland begins to produce measurable
amounts of hormone
TRUE
33. What enzyme converts iodide to iodine and attach it iodide to thyroxine?
Peroxidase
34. Which of the following hormone regulates synthesis and release of the
thyroid hormones?
TSH
35. Better indicator of recovery from hyperthyroidism:
T4
36. Protein bound hormones are metabolically active and free hormones (FT3
and FT4) are physiologically inactive
FALSE
37. Metabolically active thyroid hormone:
T3
38. Thyroid hormone are derived from amino acid. Production, storage, and
release of thyroid hormones involve an unusual, multistage process in the
thyrocytes, with both an exocrine phase and an endocrine phase. Both
phases are promoted by TRH and occur in the same cell
FALSE
39. All are thyroid hormone binding protein EXCEPT:
Tyrosine
40. Most numerous hormone produced from the thyroid gland:
T4
SEMINAR: WEEK 3
41. En masses
Letulle
42. Technique of A. Ghon
In situ dissection, in part combined with en bloc removal
43. The cadaver is open from both shoulder region down to the xiphoid area
and then incised down to the pubis. This is common in adult and female
cadaver
Y- shaped incision
44. Suggested guidelines of specimen retention for cytogenetics slides
3 years
45. Routine turnover of results for autopsy report
1 week
46. **Suggested guidelines for retention of requisition form
2 years
47. **Thyroid
10-50??
48. Organs are removed 1 by 1
Virchow
49. In situ dissection
Rokitansky
50. Gold standard for evaluating the accuracy of diagnosis and the outcome
of therapy
Autopsy
51. Pathology blocks retention time
10 years
52. Selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass (isotonic solution).
Carefully dissected or separated
Teasing or Dissociation
53. Clearing agents turns milky a soon as tissue placed in it is due to
Incomplete dehydration
54. Original results of histopathological report will be given to
The Patient
55. Retention of autopsy forensic reports
Indefinite
56. Dew line is a point at which section may be cut at 10 micro thickness
True
57. Most rapid available freezing agent
Liquid Nitrogen
58. Optimum working condition of cryostat
-18 to -20C
59. Brittle or hard tissues is due to
Overheated Paraffin Oven
60. Normally used when a rapid diagnosis of tissue is required
Frozen Section
SEMINAR: WEEK 4
61. Used for identification of specific and highly selective cellular epitopes or
antigens in tissues.
Immunohistochemistry
62. Function to breakdown formalin cross linking, unmask and allow certain
antigenic sites to be exposed.
Proteolytic enzyme digestion
63. Antibody utilized in immunohistochemistry
Monoclonal and Polyclonal
64. Highly sensitive marker for epithelial cells epithelial tumors vs. non- epithelial
tumors:
Keratin
65. Fluorochrome labels utilized in immunohistochemistry
Fluorescein
66. A structural part of an antigen that reacts with an antibody
Epitope
67. It eliminates the variable of tissue fixation between specimens and controls
Internal tissue control
68. Demonstrates proliferation markers (ki 67 and MIB-1), hormone receptors
(ER and PR), growth factor receptors (HER-2/neu)
Microwave antigen retrieval
69. What is the optimal length of exposure for microwave antigen retrieval?
10-60 minutes
70. Advantages of pressure-cooking antigen retrieval
2,3,4 (except time consuming)
71. Example of germ cell tumor markers
alpha fetoprotein
72. Best screening marker for lymphoma
CD45
73. Normally expressed by CNS glial cells especially astrocytes
glial fibrillary acidic protein
74. Which marker may indicate choriocarcinoma?
HCG
75. Highly specific for myogenic tumors
Desmin
76. Extremely useful in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Prostate specific antigen
77. Oncofetal antigen
Carcinoembryonic antigen
78. Highly sensitive and specific for melanoma
HMB-45
79. Synthesized by placental synctiotrophoblast
HCG
80. Sensitive marker for muscle differentiation and can be used to identify
tumors derived from smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle.
Actin