Name:
Date:
Plant and Animal Cells
______________________________1. The smallest unit that can carry out all the processes of life.
______________________________2. Name given to the small internal structures of a cell that perform a specific
function for the cell.
______________________________3. Who first looked at cork cells under a microscope and called the little boxes
that he observed “cells”?
______________________________4. Who was the first to observe microorganisms using his “simple”
microscopes?
______________________________5. This German botanist concluded that all plant tissues were composed of
cells.
______________________________6. This German zoologist concluded that all animal tissues were composed of
cells.
______________________________7. This scientist noted that living cells can arise only from pre-existing living
cells.
Cells must be able to carry out a basic set of functions in order to survive. These processes are
listed below. For questions 8 – 17, match each description to the correct cell process.
A. Biosynthesis
B. Cyclosis
C. Digestion
__________8.
D. Egestion
E. Excretion
F. Ingestion
G. Irritability
H. Reproduction
I. Respiration
J. Secretion
The breaking down of food into very small particles that can be used by cells.
__________9.
The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules into
simpler substances.
__________10. The removal of liquid cell waste.
__________11. The taking in of food and water.
__________12. The ability to respond to a stimulus and adapt to the environment.
__________13. The removal of solid cell wastes.
__________14. The movement of materials around the inside of a cell.
__________15. The production of offspring.
__________16. A substance that is produced in one cell but is used in another cell.
__________17. Using the energy from foods to build new cell parts, as in growth and repair.
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LABEL THE STRUCTURES OF THE ANIMAL CELL:
_________________________________18. Structure seen at A.
_________________________________19. B
_________________________________20. C
_________________________________21. D
_________________________________22. E
_________________________________23. F
_________________________________24. G
_________________________________25. H
_________________________________26. I
_________________________________27. J
_________________________________28. K
_________________________________29. L
_________________________________30. M
_________________________________31. N
_________________________________32. What term is used to describe cells that do not contain a true nucleus
and have no membrane-bound organelles?
_________________________________33. Which organisms have the cell type described in question #32.
_________________________________34. What term is used to describe cells that contain a true nucleus and have
membrane-bound organelles?
_________________________________35. Which four groups of organisms have the cell type described in question
#34?
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_________________________________
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_________________________________36. The part of the cell that controls all of the cell's activities.
_________________________________37. The portion of the cell within the cell membrane that includes the fluid
and all the organelles except the nucleus.
_________________________________38. The part of the cell that separates one cell from another cell and
regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell.
_________________________________39. This double membrane contains many pores and surrounds the nucleus
of the cell.
_________________________________40. What name is given to the jellylike liquid found inside the nucleus?
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_________________________________41. These structures are composed of DNA and contain the “code” for all of
the genetic information of the cell.
_________________________________42. This structure manufactures the large and small subunits that compose
a ribosome.
_________________________________43. Small, spherical sacs that are classified according to their contents.
_________________________________44. This cell structure breaks down alcohols, fatty acids, and kills bacteria.
_________________________________45. The site of cellular respiration.
_________________________________46. This network of protein tubes and fibers helps maintain the shape of a
cell, provides structure and support to the cell, and is involved in cell
movement.
_________________________________47. These structures may be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
_________________________________48. This cell structure makes the lipids that are used to build membranes.
_________________________________49. This organelle contains strong digestive enzymes that are used to break
down large molecules into simpler substances.
_________________________________50. The site in a cell where the assembly of proteins begins.
_________________________________51. This cell organelle modifies, sorts, and packages the proteins that are to
be released from the cell.
_________________________________52. A storage area for food and water.
_________________________________53. This organelle breaks down glucose and other food molecules and
stores the energy in a form the cell can use (ATP).
_________________________________54. These two short cylinders found near the nucleus help to organize
microtubules during cell division.
_________________________________55. This part of the cell functions primarily as an “intracellular highway”
along which molecules can move from one cell part to another.
_________________________________56. If the cell part in question #55 had attached ribosomes, it would be
known as?
_________________________________57. If the cell part in question #55 had no attached ribosomes, it would be
known as?
_________________________________58. Newly assembled proteins leave the ribosome and are inserted into
spaces in this organelle where they are modified and shaped into
functioning proteins.
_________________________________59. These folds of membrane found inside the mitochondria increase the
surface area for cellular respiration.
_________________________________60. List two types of fibers that compose the cytoskeleton.
_________________________________
_________________________________61. Name two hair-like structures that might extend from the cell surface
and assist in the movement of the cell.
_________________________________
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LABEL THE STRUCTURES OF THE PLANT CELL
_________________________________62. Structure seen at A.
_________________________________63. B
_________________________________64. C
_________________________________65. D
_________________________________66. E
_________________________________67. F
_________________________________68. G
_________________________________69. H
_________________________________70. I
_________________________________71. J
_________________________________72. K
_________________________________73. L
_________________________________74. M
_________________________________75. N
_________________________________76. The site of photosynthesis in a plant cell.
_________________________________77. The type of plastid that is colorless and is used for the storage of starch.
_________________________________78. A very large, water-filled part of the plant cell. The function is to aid the
cell wall in support.
_________________________________79. Part of the cell that contains the blue, red and yellow pigments to give
fruits and flowers their color.
_________________________________80. Part of the cell that contains the green pigment chlorophyll.
_________________________________81. Rigid structure that provides strength, support, and protection to a
plant cell.
_________________________________82. What is the name of the tough, stringy, carbohydrate fibers that give
strength to the cell wall?
_________________________________83. The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall; this
allows the plant to support heavy structures such as leaves and flowers.
_________________________________84. List the two cell organelles that are surrounded by double membranes
and contain DNA that is separate from the DNA found in the nucleus.
_________________________________
_________________________________85. Term that is used to describe organisms composed of only one cell.
_________________________________86. A group of genetically identical cells that live together in a connected
group but have little coordination or division of labor between the cells.
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
87. List the statements that compose the cell theory. What three scientists provided the evidence for the
cell theory?
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88. What limits the size of a cell? Explain why cells cannot grow to unlimited sizes. ________________________
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89. List the three basic characteristics that are common to all types of cells. _________________________________
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90. List three structures found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells. ______________________________
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91. List two structures found in animal cells that are not found in plant cells. ________________________________
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92. What is the relationship between the following terms: cell, tissue, organ, organ system?
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