KS3 Chemistry
9E Metals and
Metal Compounds
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Contents
9E Metals and Metal Compounds
Metals and non-metals
Metals and acids
Metal compounds and acids
Symbol equations
Summary activities
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Metal or non-metal?
Is this element a metal
or a non-metal ?
Hard to
say!
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca Sc
Rb Sr Y
Cs Ba La
Fr Ra Ac
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B C N O
Al Si P S
V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po
Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ? ?
iron
antimony
(Sb)
iodine
(I) (Fe)
copper
(Cu)
phosphorus
(P)
sulfur
(S)
magnesium
(Mg)
Ti
Zr
Hf
Rf
F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
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Metals and non-metals in the periodic table
The periodic table is a list of all the known elements which
are arranged according to the similarities in their properties.
Non-metals are
Metals are on the
mostly on the right.
left and in the centre.
Xe
What type of elements are between metals and non-metals?
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Metals and non-metals in the periodic table
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Metal, non-metal or metalloid?
francium
krypton
(Kr)
(Fr)
silicon(Co)
(Si)
scandium
(Sc)
cobalt
Which
side
What are
areare
thethe
nonmetalloids?
metals on?
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca Sc
Rb Sr Y
Cs Ba La
Fr Ra Ac
Ti
Zr
Hf
Rf
metalloid
non-metal
metal
B C N O
Al Si P S
V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te
Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po
Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ? ?
F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
Metals are on
Metalloids sometimes
Non-metals
the left and in
behave like metals and
are mostly
the centre. sometimes like non-metals. on the right.
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What are the properties of metals?
shiny
malleable
(easy to bend)
sonorous
(makes a sound)
dense
solid
good conductor of electricity
Properties of
metals
good conductor of heat
high boiling point
strong
high melting point
ductile
(can be drawn into wires)
Do all metals have these properties?
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Properties of metals and non-metals
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Metals and non-metals – true or false?
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Using metals
Can all metals do the same job?.
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Using metals activity
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Contents
9E Metals and Metal Compounds
Metals and non-metals
Metals and acids
Metal compounds and acids
Symbol equations
Summary activities
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Reaction of metals with acids
Many metals react with acids.
When this happens the metal
fizzes as bubbles are produced.
What do the bubbles mean?
A gas is produced.
hydrogen
burning
splint
magnesium
+ acid
How can you test to find out if the gas produced is hydrogen?
Place a burning splint next to the mouth of test tube.
A ‘squeaky pop’ as the gas ignites shows that hydrogen
is the gas produced in this reaction.
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Reaction of metals with acids
When a metal reacts with an acid, the products are a salt
and hydrogen gas.
metal
hydrochloric
sulfuric
nitric
acid
acid
acid
metal
salt
chloride
sulfate
nitrate
hydrogen
The salt produced depends on the metal and type of acid
involved in the reaction:
 When a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, the
salt produced is a metal chloride.
 When a metal reacts with sulfuric acid, the salt
produced is a metal sulfate.
 When a metal reacts with nitric acid, the salt
produced is a metal nitrate.
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Complete the word equations
Complete the word equations for metals reacting with acid:
magnesium
iron
zinc
lead
?
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nitric
acid
sulfuric
acid
hydrochloric
acid
sulfuric
?
acid
magnesium
?
nitrate
hydrogen
iron
?
sulfate
hydrogen
zinc
?
chloride
hydrogen
lead
sulfate
hydrogen
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Reactivity of metals
increasing reactivity
Some metals react more vigorously with acids than others.
Metals can be listed in order of how reactive they are.
This list is called the reactivity series.
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potassium
sodium
calcium
magnesium
aluminium
zinc
iron
lead
(hydrogen)
copper
silver
gold
The more reactive the
metal, the more vigorous
the reaction.
A metal that is below
hydrogen will not react
with dilute acids.
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Contents
9E Metals and Metal Compounds
Metals and non-metals
Metals and acids
Metal compounds and acids
Symbol equations
Summary activities
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Reaction of metal carbonates with acids
When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid,
it fizzes giving off carbon dioxide gas.
Carbon dioxide can be tested for using the
limewater test.
When carbon dioxide gas is bubbled
through limewater, it turns the
limewater cloudy or milky white.
Most metal carbonates are not very soluble
and so the reactions may be slow.
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Reaction of metal carbonates with acids
When a metal carbonate reacts with an acid, the products
are a salt, carbon dioxide and water.
metal
carbonate
hydrochloric
sulfuric
nitric
acid
acid
acid
metal
carbon
salt
chloride
sulfate
nitrate dioxide
water
The salt produced depends on the metal carbonate and type
of acid involved in the reaction:
 When a metal carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid,
the salt produced is a metal chloride.
 When a metal carbonate reacts with sulfuric acid,
the salt produced is a metal sulfate.
 When a metal carbonate reacts with nitric acid,
the salt produced is a metal nitrate.
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Complete the word equations
metal
carbonate
acid
salt
carbon
dioxide
water
Complete the word equation for each reaction between a
metal carbonates and an acid:
sodium
carbonate
nitric
?
acid
sodium
nitrate
carbon
?
dioxide
water
calcium
?
carbonate
nitric
acid
calcium
nitrate
carbon
dioxide
water
zinc
carbonate
sulfuric
acid
zinc
?
sulfate
carbon
?
dioxide
?
water
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Reaction of metal oxides with acids
When a metal oxide reacts with an acid, the products are a
salt and water.
metal
oxide
acid
salt
water
A metal oxide is a type of chemical called a base.
Bases are chemicals that react with an acid to produce
a salt and water.
A base that is soluble in water is called an alkali.
Using the products as a clue, what is the reaction between
a base (such as a metal oxide) and an acid called?
neutralization
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Complete the word equations
metal
oxide
acid
salt
water
Complete the word equation for each reaction between a
metal oxide and an acid:
magnesium
oxide
nitric acid
magnesium
?
nitrate
water
?
zinc oxide
sulfuric
acid
zinc
?
sulfate
?
water
iron oxide
hydrochloric
acid
iron
?
chloride
water
?
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Contents
9E Metals and Metal Compounds
Metals and non-metals
Metals and acids
Metal compounds and acids
Symbol equations
Summary activities
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Chemical formulae – what is the ratio of atoms?
The name of a chemical can also be written as a formula.
A formula uses chemical symbols and numbers to show the
ratio of atoms of each element present in the chemical.
Name of salt
Formula Ratio of atoms in salt
calcium chloride
CaCl2
1
Ca
2 Cl
sodium sulphate
Na2SO4
2
Na
1
S
4
O
1 Mg
1
S
4
O
magnesium sulphate MgSO4
magnesium nitrate
Mg(NO3)2
1 Mg
2
N
6
O
calcium sulphate
CaSO4
1
1
S
4
O
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Ca
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What is the ratio of atoms in each salt?
What is the ratio of atoms in each salt?
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Name of salt
Formula Ratio of atoms in salt
sodium chloride
NaCl
1 Na
1 Cl
magnesium chloride MgCl2
1 Mg
2 Cl
potassium nitrate
KNO3
1K
1N
3O
potassium sulphate
K2SO4
2K
1S
4O
calcium nitrate
Ca(NO3)2
1 Ca
2N
6O
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Writing equations using chemical formulae
The names of chemicals in a word equation can be replaced
with chemical formulae.
When a chemical reaction is written using chemical formulae,
the equation must be balanced.
hydrochloric
acid
zinc
Zn
1 Zn
+
2
HCl
2
1 H, 2
1 Cl
zinc
chloride
→
ZnCl2
hydrogen
+
1 Zn, 2 Cl
H2
2H
Write down the formula for each chemical.
Count the number of atoms on each side of the equation.
Where needed, adjust the numbers in front of the formula
so that the numbers of atoms on each side are balanced.
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Writing and balancing chemical equations
Use chemical formulae to write a balanced chemical equation
for the reaction between lead and hydrochloric acid.
lead
hydrochloric
acid
Pb +
2 HCl
lead
chloride
→ PbCl2 +
hydrogen
H2
Use chemical formulae to write a balanced chemical equation
for the reaction between calcium oxide and hydrochloric acid.
calcium
Ca
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hydrochloric
acid
+
2 HCl
calcium
chloride
hydrogen
→ CaCl2 +
H2
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Balancing equations activity
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Contents
9E Metals and Metal Compounds
Metals and non-metals
Metals and acids
Metal compounds and acids
Symbol equations
Summary activities
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Glossary
alkali – A soluble base.
base – A compound (such as a metal oxide) that reacts
with an acid to produce a salt and water.
conductor – A material that allows heat and electricity
to travel through it easily.
malleable – A material that can be hammered into shape.
metal – An element found on the left of the periodic table
which is usually hard, shiny and a good conductor.
metal carbonate – A compound made of a metal,
carbon and oxygen. It reacts with acid to produce a salt,
carbon dioxide and water.
metal oxide – A compound made of a metal and oxygen.
It reacts with acid to produce a salt and water.
property – A characteristic of a material.
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Anagrams
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Multiple-choice quiz
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