ART AND PHILOSOPHY
FORMALISM AND EXPRESSIONISM
SUBMITTED BY: GROUP 2
HINLO, Mischa
GREGORIO, Jhelynne
JUANICH, Kyla Christine
KALAW, Allaine Adrielle
Malabuyo, Clarence Gabriel
PALILLO, Jethro
PAMINTUAN, Jesus Roberto
RAMOS, Renzo Emmanuel
SUBMITTED TO: Ms. Rachel Ann Gravo
FORMALISM
- The study of art by analyzing and comparing form and style— the way it is made and what it
looks like.
Formalist Theory of Art





Art is the combination of perceptual elements.
Art is non-figurative as it does not contain any representation.
Form = Art
o Auditory: Rhythm, Pitch, Melody, Harmony, Dynamics
o Visual: Line, Shape, Value, Texture, Color
Clive Bell (1881-1964)
o “To appreciate art, we bring with us nothing from life.”, What is essential in art is
only the “significant form.”
Paul Cezanne (1839-1906)
o “Artists need to look at nature and things only as forms made up of sphere,
cylinders, cones.”
MOUNT SAINTE – VICTOIRE (1902)



APPLES & ORANGES (1895)
Representation: Pine Tree  Form: Green, Isosceles, Triangle, Brown, Vertical,
Rectangle
Reduction of Representation into Form
THERE IS NO PORNOGRAPHY IN FORMALISM! You see only shapes and sizes,
not genitals nor the sex act.
Wassily Kandinsky (1881-1964) – Concerning the Spiritual in the Arts, 1923


“Every work of art is the child of its age…. It follows that each period of culture produces
an art of its own which can never be repeated.”
“Art is born from the inner necessity of the artist in an enigmatic, mystical way through
which it acquires an autonomous life; it becomes an independent subject, animated by a
spiritual breath.”
Representational Art - Sign of materialism in the society  Purely Formal Art Would
bring about spiritual life.
CATEGORIES OF KANDINSKY'S PAINTINGS
IMPRESSIONS - Paintings which retain some naturalistic representation
IMPROVISATIONS - Paintings which convey deep emotions inspired by events of a
spiritual type.
COMPOSITIONS - Purely formal paintings done carefully over a period of time, after
preliminary studies. These are his most complicated works.
SYNAESTHESIA - The ability to perceive color or sound simultaneously by two senses.
PURELY FORMAL MUSIC – FORM OF CLASSICAL MUSIC
CANTATA - These are lyrics and may be accompanied by sounds of instruments. Music
becomes representational because of the lyrics.
SONATA - These are only pure sounds of musical instruments.
EXPRESSIONISM
- Expressionism refers to art in which the image of reality is distorted in order to make it
expressive of the artist’s inner feelings or ideas.
EXPRESSIONIST THEORY OF ART
- The transfer of the artist's expression of emotion and ideas into an art.
SUSAN LANGER - "Art is the creation of symbolic forms expressive of human feelings."
LEO TOLSTOY - "Art is the objectification of emotion."
ARISTOTLE - "Art is the expression of the artist's overflowing emotion (catharsis)."
BENEDETTO CROCE - "Like language, art is the expression of idea by the artist
(intuitionism)."
EMOTIONAL LINES – HAPPY, SAD, AND INSENSITIVE.
VINCENT VAN GOGH
- Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on 30 March 1853 in Zunbert, Netherlands.
SCHOOL: Royal Academy of Arts, Brussel
VINCENT VAN GOGH's MOST FAMOUS PAINTINGS










At eternity's gate (1885)
The potato eaters (1885)
Miners (1885)
Women carrying sacks (1885)
View of Paris from the window (1886)
Café terrace at night (1886)
Restaurant de la Sirene (1887)
Starry night over the Rhone (1886)
View of Aries with irises (1888)
Sunset in the Wheatfield (1888)
EDVARD MUNCH (1863-1944)
- He experienced miseries and pain in life, which he expressed through his art.
OTHER ARTISTS ARTWORKS






The Mona Lisa (1503)
The birth of Venus (1486)
Madonna of the meadows (1505)
Woman with basket of mango (1949)
Christ carrying the cross (1580)
Adam and Eve (1526)
PERIODS OF CLASSICAL MUSIC
BAROQUE - The music with a dramatic style that was common in the 17th century and
early 18th century and that featured many decorative parts and details.
CLASSICAL - The music in European tradition that includes opera and symphony and is
generally considered more serious than other kinds of music.
ROMANTIC - The music of the 19th century characterized by an emphasis on subjective
emotional qualities and freedom form.