The respiratory system is responsible for
providing oxygen to the cells in the body. The
purpose of this function is to supply energy for
metabolism and to dispel carbon dioxide.
 The Respiratory system houses the nose,
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial system,
and lungs

Air enters through the
nose, where it is warmed,
filtered and moistened as it
passes over the haircovered mucous
membrane of the nasal
cavity.
 Cilia ,which is microscopic
hair-like projection,
sweeps dirt and foreign
materials towards the
throat for elimination

Inhaled air passes into the
throat(PHARYNX) where it
mixes with air that enters
through the mouth.
 The pharynx is divided into 3
regions
 Nasopharynx-superior
portion located behind the
nasal cavity
 Oropharynx-middle portion
located behind the mouth
 Laryngopharynx- inferior
portion behind the larynx
All of the tonsils are located in
the vicinity of the pharynx

The Larynx “ADAMS APPLE” is a hollow
muscular organ that forms an air passage to the
lungs, while also holding the voice box(vocal
cords)
 The Trachea “WINDPIPE” is a tube
reinforced with C-Shaped rings of cartilage.
The trachea connects the pharynx and larynx
to the lungs, allowing air flow


“BRONCHIAL
TREE” is located
where the trachea splits
in two. At the end of
the tree lies a cluster of
alveolar ducts, sacs, and
the alveoli. This system
aids the trachea in air
distribution to the
lungs

The lungs are a pair
of spongy, coneshaped organs.
Both lungs are
different sizes, with
the left lung being
smaller to
accommodate the
heart. Once oxygen
reaches the lungs it
is then spread to all
parts of the body.
Air is moved into and out of the lungs by a
process called breathing, also known as
pulmonary ventilation.
 Breathing consists of a steady cycle of
inspiration, expiration, then separated by a rest
period



Inspiration
“INHALING” begins
when the phrenic nerve
stimulates the diaphragm
to contract and flatten,
enlarging the chest cavity
Expiration
“EXHALING” occurs as
the breathing muscles
relax and the elastic lungs
spring back to their
original size
Oxygen is carried in the
blood bound to the
hemoglobin in the red
blood cells.
 Carbon dioxide is carried
in several ways, but is
mainly converted to
carbonic acid. The amount
of carbon dioxide that is
exhaled is important in
regulating the bloods
acidity.


Asthma is a chronic
disease that causes surplus
production of mucus,
inflammation, and
narrowing of the
bronchial tubes

This disorder requires a
medical diagnosis, but
patients confirmed to
have asthma suffer from:

Difficulty breathing
Chest pain/pressure
Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Dry cough
Cough with phlegm
Rapid Heart Rate

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
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Asthma treatment varies by
circumstances; from rescue
inhalers( ALBUTEROL) to
treat present symptoms. To
controller inhalers that prevent
symptoms( STERIODS).
The main goal of the treatment
is to open up clogged, swelled up
airways.
In most pediatric cases allergy
medicine is used in place of
steroids due to their mucolytic
properties.