Republic of the Philippines Mindanao State Universtity - Iligan Institute of Technology College of Engineering A. Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, Iligan City WORKSHOP 1 ACTIVITY 2 GEC106 ART APPRECIATION Submitted to: HERNENIGILDO DICO Faculty Member Submitted by: DEVIE JOHN C. MAGHANOY Bachelor of Science in Environmental Engineering II Workshop 1 Activity 2 Question 2: What do you call Spanish-era churches’ architectural style and why has it evolved as such? Spanish-era churches are refereed to as Baroque churches. The violent earthquakes that frequently shook the country during the Spanish colonial period led to the development of this design. To make the churches more resilient to earthquakes, the architects and builders used a combination of European and local techniques. To stabilize the structure, they added massive walls, buttresses, and flying buttresses. Additionally, they built with native resources like adobe, coral stone, and oak. Complex carvings and sculptures that combined European and native themes adorned the churches' facade. The churches' interiors were embellished with ornate altars, retablos, and other holy artifacts. The Philippine Baroque style developed over time and embraced several components, including Chinese and Islamic influences. This blending of many architectural types produced a distinctive building. Question 3: How can you distinguish if a traditional art form is indigenous or folk? Are there parameters for their distinctions? Elaborate. “Indigenous Arts” refers to artwork created by our indigenous communities. These indigenous groups are made up of the lumad (native) cultural communities of the Cordilleras and Mindanao, as well as the negritos who settled in many areas all over our archipelago. These towns have a vibrant cultural scene that is full with artistic expressions comprising clothing, musical instruments, ceramics, jewelry, weapons, and household equipment. Indigenous art has purposes beyond delighting and entertaining their communities. These expressions are inextricably related to the communal activities of the people, tied to religion and ritual, and representative of their beliefs, as well as to their social and economic existence. On the other hand, "Folk art" is mostly utilitarian or decorative art created by an unaffluent social class of peasants, artisans and tradespeople who live in rural areas of civilized but not highly industrialized societies; it also encompasses nomadic groups like gypsies. Even though their number is declining, a few of these locations can still be discovered in parts of Central and Eastern Europe and possibly in other parts of the world. The term "folk art" may also refer to artwork created by members of ethnic minorities living in more affluent nations who have been successful in upholding their traditions by creating separate communities from the majority. Some basis or parameters that we can look out to distinguish the two forms; 1. For the Cultural Relevance, Indigenous art is often tied to the cultural and spiritual practices of a specific group of people, whereas folk art may be more broadly associated with the everyday practices of a particular community. 2. For the materials and techniques used, Indigenous art often utilizes traditional materials and techniques that have been passed down through generations, while folk art may be more flexible in its use of materials and techniques. 3. In terms of ownership and representation, Indigenous art is frequently regarded as belonging to the community, and the creators of it might be viewed as custodians of their historical traditions. Folk art, on the other hand, can be produced and sold by anyone, regardless of cultural background. 4. For their function and purpose, folk art may be produced for decorative or amusement purposes, while indigenous art is frequently produced for specific spiritual or ceremonial goals.
