1. Adaption refers a change
by which an organism or
species becomes better
suited to its environment.
2. Behavioral adaptions are
always heritable, unlike the
other kinds of adaptations.
3. Humans normally adapt to
environment changes in several
ways such as genetic change,
developmental adjustment,
acclimatization, and cultural
practices and use of technology.
4. People relocate to other
places or countries in the
hope of finding greener
pasture and employment
opportunities.
5. Migration is defined as the
process of geographic
mobility, or the change of
residence of a person from
one community to another.
6. A change in residence
within a country is called
internal migration.
7. Internal immigrants can
be classified as legal
immigrants, illegal
immigrants
and refugees.
8. Transnational migrants as those
persons who having migrated from
one nation-state to another; live their
lives across the borders, participating
simultaneously in social relations that
embed them in more than one
nationstate.
9. The improvement in the quality
and availability of communication
and transportation options to people
makes migration process more
complex but fast.
10. Behavioral adaptation is
defined as the things
organisms do to survive.
A change or the process of change by which
an organism or species becomes better suited to
its environment is called adaptation.
This also refers to the action or process of
adapting or being adapted or the process of
changing to suit different conditions. Adaptations
enhance the fitness and survival of everyone.
A) Structural adaptations are physical features of an
organism such as shape, body covering, armament;
and even the internal organization (e.g. a penguin
has blubbered to protect itself from freezing
temperatures).
B) Behavioral adaptations are composed of inherited
behavior chains and/or the ability to learn (e.g. bears
hibernate in winter to escape the cold temperature
and preserve energy).
Behavioral adaptation is defined as the
things organisms do to survive. Unlike
other adaptations, these are not always
heritable but are learned.
An example of this is the difference between populations of
animals that live in the wild and those that live among humans.
Wild birds tend to be scared of people, but birds that live in
urban areas are often less fearful of people and they even see
people as source of food.
C) Physiological adaptations permit the organism to
perform special functions like venom (in the snakes and
the like), secreting slime, phototropism; and more
general functions such as growth and development,
temperature regulation and ionic balance.
This means that adaptation is making adjustments to
decisions and activities in order to manage risks and
capture potential opportunities brought about by any
changes in the environment such as global warming and
climate change.
The ability of humans to be able to rapidly adapt to varying
environment conditions and changes has made it possible
for them to survive in any regions or places anywhere in the
world. They can normally adapt to environment changes in
several ways such as:
A) Genetic change is an inherited or acquired modification
in organisms that makes them better suited to survive and a
particular environment. For instance, people whose
ancestors have lived in areas that had endemic, malaria for
thousands of years often inherit some degree of immunity
to this serious disease.
B) Developmental adjustments.
This occurs in childhood and typically results in
anatomical and/or physiological changes that are mostly
irreversible in adulthood.
An example of the latter was the now illegal custom in China of tightly
wrapping or binding the feet of young girls with cloth in order to
hinder normal growth. While this caused permanent, crippling
deformities of the foot bones, it also resulted in extremely tiny feet
which were considered to be very attractive. Parents crippled their
daughters with good intentions. Small feet would make them more
attractive marriage partners for rich important men and save them
from a life of drudgery.
C) Use of technology. Humans do not only interact
with their environments biologically. People invented
technological aids that allowed us to occupy new
environments without having to first evolve
biological adaptations to them.
Migration
People on earth are also facing adaptation
challenges borne by the need for mobility. Life has
been moving so fast and people as well as changing
residences as rapidly.
The process of geographic mobility or the change of
residence of a person from one community to
another with the intention of settling temporarily or
permanently is migration.
Types of Migration
A) International Migration is the permanent
transfer of residence from one country to
another. It is the change of residence over
national boundaries. An international migrant
is someone who moves to a different country.
International migrants can be further
classified as legal immigrants, illegal
immigrants and refugee.
Legal immigrants are those who moved
with the legal permission of the receiver
nation. Illegal immigrants are those who
moved without legal permission, and
refugees are those crossed an
international boundary to escape
persecution.
B) Internal Migration is a change in
residence within a country and refers
to a change of residence within
national boundaries, such as
between states, provinces, cities, or
municipalities. An internal migrant is
someone who moves to a different
administrative territory.
C) Circulation Migration is a
temporary movement of a person.
The change in residence is
temporary due to work or study,
but the migrant will definitely
return in his home community.
D. Transnational Migration.
These are the people who having migrated
from one nation-state to another live their
lives across borders, participating
simultaneously in social relations that
embed them in more than one nation-state
are called transnational migrants.
Not all migrants can be considered as
transnational migrants, and not all who
take part in transnational practices do so
all the time. Most migrants are occasional
transnational activists. They more
focused on their countries of origin while
at others they are more involved in their
countries of reception.