9th grade
Organic
Chemistry
Aldehydes, Ketones and Ethers.
Define organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies
the structure, properties, and reactions of organic
compounds and organic materials, which are matter in
varying forms that contain carbon atoms. Structure
research determines their structural formula.
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Ethers are organic compound
derivatives.
Aldehydes
An aldehyde is an organic compound that
contains a functional group with the
structure RCH=O in organic chemistry.
The functional group itself is an aldehyde,
but it can also be classified as a formyl
group. Aldehydes are widely used and
play important roles in technology and
biology.Examples :•Formaldehyde
(methanal)•Propionaldehyde (propanal).
•Acetaldehyde (ethanal).
Risks of Aldehydes
Aldehyde inhalation can alter breathing patterns by
narrowing airway openings at concentrations above
normal outdoor levels (airway constriction). It can
also cause damage to the cells that line the airways,
causing white blood cells to enter the lungs.
Ethers
•Ethers are a type of compound that contains
an ether group, which is an oxygen atom linked
to two alkyl or aryl groups. They are
represented by the general formula ROR′,
where R and R′ represent alkyl or aryl groups.
•Esters, gums, hydrocarbons, alkaloids, oils,
resins, dyes, plastics, lacquers, and paints all
use ethers as commercial solvents and
extractants. They are used as lubricating oil
dewaxing extractants.
Ketones
•What exactly is a ketone? Ketones are functional
groups with the formula R2C=O, where R can be any
carbon-containing substituent. A carbonyl group is
found in ketones. Acetone, with the formula CH3CCH3,
is the most basic ketone. Many ketones are extremely
important in biology and industry.
Ketones
•Ketones are a kind of chemical developed by your liver when it
breaks down fats. When you fast, exercise for long periods of
time, or don't eat as many carbohydrates, your body uses
ketones for energy. Low levels of ketones in the blood are not
necessarily harmful.•Acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and
acetone are the three types of ketone bodies. When fat is
metabolised, acetoacetate is formed first. Acetoacetate is used
to produce beta-hydroxybutyrate. The most common ketone
body found in severe diabetic ketoacidosis is betahydroxybutyrate (DKA)
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9th grade
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