Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te The nurse is setting up an education session with an 85-year-old D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy. Which presented. strategy would reflect consideration of aging changes that may exist with this patient? Rationale: Option D addresses altered perception in two ways. First, by using visual aids to reinforce verbal instructions, one adA. Show a colorful video about anticoagulation therapy. dresses the possibility of decreased ability to hear high-frequency B. Present all the information in one session just before discharge. sounds. By developing the handouts in large print, one addresses C. Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at the possibility of decreased visual acuity. Option A does not allow home. discussion of the information; furthermore, the text and print may D. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information be small and difficult to read and understand. presented. C. consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals. When developing the plan of care for an older adult who is hospitalized for an acute illness, the nurse should A. use a standardized geriatric nursing care plan. B. plan for likely long-term-care transfer to allow additional time for recovery. C. consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals. D. minimize activity level during hospitalization. Which information obtained by the home health nurse when making a visit to an 88-year-old with mild forgetfulness is of the most concern? Rationale: The plan of care for older adults should be individualized and based on the patients current functional abilities. A standardized geriatric nursing care plan is unlikely to address individual patient needs and strengths. A patients need for discharge to a long-term-care facility is variable. Activity level should be designed to allow the patient to retain functional abilities while hospitalized and also to allow any additional rest needed for recovery from the acute process. B. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month. A. The patient's son uses a marked pillbox to set up the patient's Rationale: A 10-pound weight loss may be an indication of elder medications weekly. neglect or depression and requires further assessment by the B. The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month. nurse. C. The patient is cared for by a daughter during the day and stays with a son at night. D. The patient tells the nurse that a close friend recently died. A 70-year-old client asks the nurse to explain to her about hypertension. An appropriate response by the nurse as to why older clients often have hypertension is due to: D. Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls A. Myocardial muscle damage B. Reduction in physical activity C. Ingestion of foods high in sodium D. Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls In reviewing changes in the older adult, the nurse recognizes that which of the following statements related to cognitive functioning in the older client is true? A. Delirium is usually easily distinguished from irreversible dementia. B. Therapeutic drug intoxication is a common cause of senile dementia. C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium. D. Cognitive deterioration is an inevitable outcome of the human aging process. Which of the following interventions should be taken to help an older client to prevent osteoporosis? A. Decrease dietary calcium intake. B. Increase sedentary lifestyles C. Increase dietary protein intake. D. Encourage regular exercise. C. Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium. Rationale: Delirium is a potentially reversible cognitive impairment that is often due to a physiological cause such as an electrolyte imbalance, cerebral anoxia, hypoglycemia, medications, tumors, cerebrovascular infection, or hemorrhage. D. Encourage regular exercise. Rationale: Key word in question is prevent Weight-bearing exercises helps to fight off degeneration of bone in osteoporosis 1/8 Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te Which of the following statements accurately reflects data that the nurse should use in planning care to meet the needs of the older adult? D. Adults older than 65 years of age are the greatest users of prescription medications. A. 50% of older adults have two chronic health problems. B. Cancer is the most common cause of death among older Rationale: Approximately two thirds of older adults use prescripadults. tion and nonprescription drugs with one third of all prescriptions C. Nutritional needs for both younger and older adults are essenbeing written for older adults tially the same. D. Adults older than 65 years of age are the greatest users of prescription medications. The nurse is aware that the majority of older adults: A. Live alone B. Live in institutional settings C. Are unable to care for themselves D. Are actively involved in their community D. Are actively involved in their community The nurse works with elderly clients in a wellness screening clinic on a weekly basis. Which of the following statements made by the nurse is the most therapeutic regarding their mobility? A. "Your shoulder pain is normal for your age." B. "Continue to exercise your joints regularly to your tolerance level." C. "Why don't you begin walking 3 to 4 miles a day, and we'll evaluate how you feel next week." D. "Don't worry about taking that combination of medications since your doctor has prescribed them." B. "Continue to exercise your joints regularly to your tolerance level." A long-term care facility sponsors a discussion group on the administration of medications. The participants have a number of questions concerning their medications. The nurse responds most C. "Feel free to ask your physician why you are receiving the appropriately by saying: medications that are prescribed for you." A. "Don't worry about the medication's name if you can identify it by its color and shape." B. "Unless you have severe side affects, don't worry about the minor changes in the way you feel." C. "Feel free to ask your physician why you are receiving the medications that are prescribed for you." D. "Remember that the hepatic system is primarily responsible for the pharmacotherapeutics of your medications." Rationale: The nurse should encourage the older adult to question the physician and/or pharmacist about all prescribed drugs and over-the-counter drugs. The older adult should be taught the names of all drugs being taken, when and how to take them, and the desirable and undesirable effects of the drugs. B. Increased airway resistance In performing a physical assessment for an older adult, the nurse anticipates finding which of the following normal physiological Rational: Normal physiological changes of aging include inchanges of aging? creased airway resistance in the older adult. The older adult would be expected to have decreased perspiration and drier skin as they A. Increased perspiration experience glandular atrophy (oil, moisture, sweat glands) in the B. Increased airway resistance integumentary system. The older adult would be expected to have C. Increased salivary secretions a decrease in saliva. A normal physiological change of the older D. Increased pitch discrimination adult related to hearing is a loss of acuity for high-frequency tones (presbycusis). There are factors that influence the musculoskeletal system associated with aging. The nurse recognizes that with age: A. Men have the greatest incidence of osteoporosis B. Muscle fibers increase in size and become tighter C. Weight-bearing exercise reduces the loss of bone mass D. Muscle strength does not diminish as much as muscle mass 2/8 C. Weight-bearing exercise reduces the loss of bone mass Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te Which of the following statements, made by the daughter of an older adult client concerning bringing her mother home to live with her family, presents the greatest concern for the nurse? A. "If this doesn't work out, she can always go to live with my B. "I don't think she will react very well to me making decisions for sister." her." B. "I don't think she will react very well to me making decisions for her." C. "I'm afraid that mom will be depressed and miss her home." D. "My children will just have to adjust to having their grandmother with us." The nurse, preparing to discharge an 81-year-old client from the hospital, recognizes that the majority of older adults: A. Require institutional care B. Have no social or family support C. Are unable to afford any medical treatment D. Are capable of taking charge of their own lives D. Are capable of taking charge of their own lives Which of the following responses by an older-adult client is most reflective of a need for further education by the nurse regarding the physiological changes associated with the older adult? A. "I call a cab if I want to go out after dark." B. "I can't help worrying about becoming forgetful." C. "I have my eyes checked regularly. Can't afford to fall." D. "I really enjoy eating good vanilla ice cream, but I have cut way down." 0% B. "I can't help worrying about becoming forgetful." Which of the following statements made by a family member of a client recently diagnosed with early stages of Alzheimer's disease is most reflective of an understanding of this disease process? A. "Dad has always been a fighter; he'll fight this too. He won't give up." B. "We have an appointment with his care provider to see about medication therapy." C. "Good thing we found out about this early so we can prevent this from getting worse." D. "We have a made arrangements to discuss nursing home placement for dad." B. "We have an appointment with his care provider to see about medication therapy." The nurse is planning client education for an older adult being prepared for discharge home after hospitalization for a cardiac problem. Which nursing action addresses the most commonly determined need for this age-group? A. Suggest that he purchase an emergency in-home alert system. B. Arrange for the client to receive meals delivered to his home daily. C. Encourage the client to use a compartmentalized pill storage container for his daily medications. D. Provide only written document describing the medications the client is currently prescribed. Encourage the client to use a compartmentalized pill storage container for his daily medications. An assisted living facility has provided its clients with an educational program on safe administration of prescribed medications. Which statement made by an older-adult client reflects the best understanding of safe self-administration of medications? C. "I'll be sure to read the inserts and ask the pharmacist if I don't understand something." A. "I don't seem to have problems with side effects, but I'll let my doctor know if something happens." B. "I'm lucky since my daughter is really good about keeping up 3/8 Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te with my medications." C. "I'll be sure to read the inserts and ask the pharmacist if I don't understand something." D. "It shouldn't be too hard to keep it straight since I don't have any really serious health issues." Which of the following client statements regarding self-medication administration by an older-adult client requires follow-up teaching by the nurse? A. "I take all the pills ordered once a day at bedtime, so I'm less likely to forget them." A. "I take all the pills ordered once a day at bedtime, so I'm less B. "I have one pill that needs cut in half. I am going to ask the likely to forget them." pharmacist to do that for me." C. "The pharmacist said to keep my pills away from the sunlight, so I put them inside the kitchen cabinet." D. "My daughter comes over each morning and puts my pills into a container that sorts them by the time they are due." Which of the following statements made by an older-adult client poses the greatest concern for the nurse conducting an assessment regarding the clients adjustment to the aging process? A. "I use to enjoy dancing and jogging so much, but now I have D. "As I age I've found its harder to do the things I love doing, but arthritis in my knees so that it's hard to even walk." I guess it will all be over soon enough." B. "I've given my grandchildren money for college so they can live a better life than I had." C. "Growing old certainly presents all sorts of challenges. I wish I knew then what I know now." D. "As I age I've found its harder to do the things I love doing, but I guess it will all be over soon enough." Of the following options, which is the greatest barrier to providing quality health care to the older-adult client? A. Poor client compliance resulting from generalized diminished capacity B. Inadequate health insurance coverage for the group as a whole C. Insufficient research to provide a basis for effective geriatric health care D. Preconceived assumptions regarding the lifestyles and attitudes of this group D. Preconceived assumptions regarding the lifestyles and attitudes of this group A patient is taking delayed-release omeprazole (Prilosec) capsules for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching plan about this medication? A. "Take this medication once a day after breakfast." B. "You will only have to be on this medication for 2 weeks for a life long treatment of the reflux disease." C. "The medication may be dissolved in a liquid for better absorption." D. "The entire capsule should be taken whole, not crushed, chewed, or opened." D. "The entire capsule should be taken whole, not crushed, chewed, or opened." The nurse defines ageism most accurately as: A. The undervaluing of individuals based on their age. B. Perception of a person's worth based on productivity C. Biases directed towards individuals considered aged D. Discrimination based on an individual's increasing age D. Discrimination based on an individual's increasing age 4/8 Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te A nurse is caring for an older adult client preparing for discharge to a nursing center after having hip surgery. Which of the following nursing responses is most therapeutic with a client's concern that she, will never go back home? A. "What makes you think that this transfer to the nursing center A. "What makes you think that this transfer to the nursing center will be permanent?" will be permanent?" B. "The reason for this transfer is only to support you while you continue to recuperate." C. "The decision to stay in the nursing center is yours to make. When you want to leave no one will stop you." D. "The nursing center is a lovely place with a wonderful staff of caring people. Just give it a chance. You may like it." A nurse caring for older adults in an assistive living facility recognizes that a clients quality of life needs are best determined by: A. Excellent physical, social, and emotional nursing assessments C. A therapeutic nurse-client relationship that facilitates commuB. A working knowledge of this age-group's developmental needs nication C. A therapeutic nurse-client relationship that facilitates communication D. The client's need for complete physical, emotional, and cognitive care Which of the following statements made by a nurse reflects the best understanding of the health value of conducting a blood pressure (BP) screening at a senior citizens centers health fair? A. "This is a high risk group, so assessing BP allows us to identify clients at risk and send them for treatment." B. "Older adults enjoy health fairs, so it's a good place to screen B. "Older adults enjoy health fairs, so it's a good place to screen substantial numbers of clients for hypertension." substantial numbers of clients for hypertension." C. "Hypertension doesn't present symptoms early on, so screening elder adults is a wonderful preventive measure." D. "Blood pressure problems are common among this group, so it's a good way to monitor the effectiveness of their medications." The three common conditions affecting cognition in the older adults are: C. Delirium, Depression, Dementia A. Stroke, MI, Cancer B. Cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Stroke C. Delirium, Depression, Dementia D. Blindness, Hearing loss, Stroke A client has been recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. When teaching the family about the prognosis, the nurse must explain that: A. Diet and exercise can slow the process considerably B. It usually progresses gradually with a deterioration of function C. Many individuals can be cured if the diagnosis is made early D. Few clients live more than 3 years after the diagnosis B. It usually progresses gradually with a deterioration of function An overall, general assessment of an older adult patient is best performed in which setting? C. While assisting a patient with a bath. A. During a meal. B. During assessment of vital signs. C. While assisting a patient with a bath. D. When assisting a patient during a walk. 5/8 Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te When caring for the older adult, it is important to: Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback A. Repeat oneself often because older adults are forgetful. B. Treat the client as an individual with a unique history of his or B. Treat the client as an individual with a unique history of his or her own. her own. C. Be aware that older adults are no longer interested in sex. D. Disregard the older adult's experiences because older people are too old-fashioned to be of value today. When administering a mental status examination to a patient with delirium, the nurse should A. give the examination when the patient is well-rested. B. choose a place without distracting environmental stimuli. C. reorient the patient as needed during the examination. D. medicate the patient first to reduce anxiety. B. choose a place without distracting environmental stimuli. When performing a comprehensive geriatric assessment of an older adult, focus of the nursing assessment is on the patient's: A. Physical signs of aging. B. Immunological function. C. Functional abilities. D. Chronic illness. C. Functional abilities. Of the following, which describes dementia? A. Quick onset, irreversible B. Slow onset, chronic C. Acute onset, reversible D. Progressive, terminal B. Slow onset, chronic When a fall results in injury and hospitalization, a cycle of disuse may occur over time. When establishing a care plan for the patient and family to prevent this, it is important to remember disuse is most likely a result of: C. Fear of repeated falls. A. Decreasing muscle strength. B. Decreased joint mobility. C. Fear of repeated falls. D. Changes in sensory perception. What is the best resource (of those listed below) for identifying information regarding an older adult's current functional ability? A. Psychological tests and related exams B. Diagnostic x-rays and lab tests C. Family members who visit occasionally and call weekly D. Neighbor who visits daily and helps the person to the store weekly. D. Neighbor who visits daily and helps the person to the store weekly. When caring for an older adult patient, the nurse uses the following interventions to accommodate visual changes with age: A. Eye glasses in the bedside table. B. Adequate lighting and uncluttered walkways. C. Draw drapes in room to prevent glare. D. Keep bedside rails down. B. Adequate lighting and uncluttered walkways. The primary reason an older adult client is more likely to develop a pressure ulcer on the elbow as compared to a middle-age adult is: C. The older client has less subcutaneous padding on the elbows A. A reduced skin elasticity is common in the older adult B. The attachment between the epidermis and dermis is weaker 6/8 Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te C. The older client has less subcutaneous padding on the elbows D. Older adults have a poor diet that increases risk for pressure ulcers While bathing an elderly client who has limited abilities for self-care, the nurse notices several patches of dry skin on the clients heels, elbows, and coccyx. The nurse cleans and dries all the areas well and applies a moisturizing lotion. The most appropriate immediate follow-up by the nurse to ensure appropriate nursing care for this clients skin is to: A. Revise the client's care plan to show the need for the application A. Revise the client's care plan to show the need for the applica- of moisturizing lotion tion of moisturizing lotion B. Assume personal responsibility to apply the moisturizing lotion daily to the client's skin C. Encourage the client to tell whomever bathes her to apply the moisturizing lotion to her areas of dry skin D. Inform the staff that the client's skin is showing signs of breakdown and moisturizing lotion needs to be applied daily A 76-year-old adult female is brought to a neighborhood client after being found wandering around the local park. The client appears disheveled and reports being hungry. Which of the following assessment and interview findings would cause the nurse to suspect elder abuse? (Select all that apply.) B. Repeatedly states, "Don't hurt me." C. Chafing around wrists and ankles D. Bruises in various stages of healing A. Falls asleep in the examination room B. Repeatedly states, "Don't hurt me." C. Chafing around wrists and ankles D. Bruises in various stages of healing One reason for medication problems in the elderly is that 1. Regular use of laxatives increases absorption of medications 2. Decreased renal function slows excretion of drugs 3. Enhanced sense of taste of medications 4. Increased perception of pain from injections 2. Decreased renal function slows excretion of drugs You are caring for a 78 year-old female cardiac patient. In preconference, your clinical instructor asks you what is an age-related change in the cardiac system of the older adult? Your best response would be 2. Decreased cardiac output Student Response Value Correct Answer Feedback 1. Decreased blood pressure 2. Decreased cardiac output 3. Increase ability to respond to stress 4. Increased heart recovery rate The most common affective or mood disorder of old age is 1. dementia. 2. depression. 3. delirium. 4. Alzheimer's. 2. depression. Your patient assigned to you has pneumonia. You are reviewing the age-related changed involved with the older adult. Select all age-related changes of the respiratory system that apply. 1. Decreased in residual lung volume 2. Decreased gas exchange 7/8 2. Decreased gas exchange 3. Decreased cough efficiency Older Adult Nclex questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a87te 3. Decreased cough efficiency 4. Increased gas exchange The leading cause of injury and preventable source of mortality and morbidity in older adults is 1. presbycusis. 2. car accidents. 3. pneumonia. 4. falls. 4. falls. Which medication prevents the breakdown of a brain chemical important for memory and thinking and may slow the progress of Alzheimer's disease. 3. donepezil (Aricept) 1. memantine (Namenda) 2. ozazepam (Serax) 3. donepezil (Aricept) 4. citalopram (Celexa) 8/8
