EOCT Review
Name: _____________________________________5/3/2023
Answers must be on a separate sheet of paper; they do NOT need to be complete sentences. Copy tables and charts as needed.
5/4 Scientific Method, Metric System, Graphing
1. The two main branches of Physical Science are
2. Technology can best be described as
3. The item that is the same amongst all trials in an experiment is the
4. The item that is controlled by the scientist in the experiment is the
5. The item that is measured by the scientist is in the experiment is the
6. A scientific model is
7. A series of logical steps that is followed to solve a problem is called
8. Scientists test a hypothesis by
9. The first step in the Scientific Method is usually
10. The metric unit for temperature is
11. Anne is 165cm tall. What is her height in meters?
12. Anne has a mass of 61kg. What is her mass in grams?
13. If you come home and see a plate of cookies and a mixing bowl in the dishwasher, and you assume someone just baked cookies, you are making a(n)
14. To make sure experimental results are valid, a scientist will
15. A student wants to determine the effect of salt on the freezing point of water. A student adds 200mL of pure water to three identical containers. To one
container, 2g of salt is added; in the second container, 4g of salt is added; and in the third container, no salt is added. The three containers are placed in
the same freezer. The temperature is measured every 10 min for one hour, and observations were recorded in a data table. What are the independent
and dependent variables in this experiment?
16. The force with which gravity pulls on a quantity of matter is referred to as
17. A precise measurement is one that ____. An accurate measurement is one that ___.
18. On what axis do we place the independent variable?
19. On what axis do we place the dependent variable?
20. How do we write the title of a graph? (what vs. what)
21. The process of comparing and contrasting your experimental data is
22. An educated guess about a possible solution to a problem is
23. What would be used to measure mass, volume, temperature, and distance?
24. What are the metric base units of mass, volume, temperature, and distance?
25. Mass is a measure of _____, while volume is a measure of _____.
26. Give two reasons the metric system is better to use. Give two units each for metric and English systems.
Measurement
Definition
Metric Base Unit
Instrument
How much energy an object contains.
Distance an object extends.
Amount of matter in an object.
Amount of space an object takes up.
5/2 (along with Solutions)Phases of Matter
Tell the name of the phase change described below:
1. Solid to liquid
3. Liquid to solid
2. Solid to gas
4. Liquid to gas
Tell if the following are chemical or physical changes:
5. Hair cut
7. evaporation
6. Burning candle
8. freezing
Tell if the following are chemical or physical properties:
9. mass
12. density
10. digestion
13. flammability
11. volume
14. corrosion/rusting
17. Which phase has the most kinetic energy?
18. Can two objects with the same volume have different masses?
19. Can two objects with the same mass have different volumes?
Tell if the following are element, compound, homogeneous, or heterogeneous:
20. Sugar
21. Sweet tea
22. Elephant
23. Neon
24. Which phase has a definite volume, but varying shape?
25. Put the following terms in order of complexity from most complex to least complex: compound, atom, molecule, element
26. What temperature does water freeze? Melt? Evaporate? Condense?
27. What is unique about the temperature during a phase change?
28. How many atoms are in one molecule of ammonia, NH4?
29. Why does ice float in water?
30. Which type of change, either chemical or physical, produces a new substance that cannot be changed back to the original?
5/3 Atoms, Elements, Periodic Table, Radioactivity
EOCT Review
Name: _____________________________________5/3/2023
Answers must be on a separate sheet of paper; they do NOT need to be complete sentences. Copy tables and charts as needed.
1. What 4 things do the squares on the periodic table typically tell us?
2. Name the 3 parts of the atom, tell where each is located and what the charges are for each.
3. What does atomic theory tell us about atoms and their basic behavior?
4. What are energy levels?
5. The Bohr model of atomic structure resembles ________________________.
6. The more modern theory of atomic structure explains the action of electrons as ___________.
7. Where are the valence electrons found in the atom? ___________________
8. What do valence electrons determine for an element?
9. List 4 different patterns that are demonstrated by the periodic table arrangement.
10. What are ions?
11. A positive ion is a _______________ and a negative ion is a ______________.
12. The atomic number = the number of what atom part?
13. The atomic mass =________________ + __________________
14. Complete the following chart:
Element
Symbol
Atomic #
Atomic Mass
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Boron
Li
34
15. What are isotopes?
16. What families are the following elements in? Ca, F, Ne, Cu, Li
17. List the families from left to right on the periodic table.
18. List 2 ways that metals are different from nonmetals. Where are they on the periodic table?
19. Why are noble gases considered inert?
20. What is radioactivity?
21. What is nuclear decay and why do atoms do this?
22. What are the 3 types of nuclear radiation?
23. What emits background radiation?
24. What is the difference between fusion and fission? Which do we currently use to make electricity and which do we someday hope to move to?
25. List good aspects about radiation and 3 bad aspects of radiation in reference to human life.
26. What is the molar mass of Carbon? Of Copper? Of table salt, NaCl?
27. 1 mol of any substance has how many particles of that substance?
28. What is the mass of 1 mol of Aluminum? Of Helium? Of KCl?
5/3 Nomenclature, Bonding, Chemical Reactions
I. Naming Binary Compounds
Classification of 1st
Classification of 2nd
Compound Name (roman #
Compound
Bond Type
Element
Element
needed?)
1
AlF3
2
As2O5
3
CrCl2
5
MnF3
4
Ni3O2
II. Naming Compounds
Compound
Name of Compound
Type of Bond: Ionic or Covalent
6
B(OH)3
7
Mn3(PO3)2
8
Ca(CN)2
9
Fe2SO3
10
Li3PO4
11
AlP
12
Fe2O3
13
K3P
14
MgO
15
N 2 O4
IV. What type of bond is this for #16 through 27?
M = metallic
C = covalent
I = ionic
P = polyatomic
16. cations surrounded by sea of electrons _____
17. the goal in bonding with other atoms is to stabilize _____
18. electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another _____
19. free moving electrons allow movement of heat and electricity _____
EOCT Review
Name: _____________________________________5/3/2023
Answers must be on a separate sheet of paper; they do NOT need to be complete sentences. Copy tables and charts as needed.
20. electrons are shared _____
21. light is reflected off fast moving electrons making compounds shiny and opaque _____
22. occurs between two nonmetals _____
23. occurs between metal and nonmetal _____
24. occurs between two metals _____
25. is composed of more than two elements _____
26. form double and triple bonds between atoms by sharing more than one pair of e- _____
27. parentheses group the atoms together to remind you that it acts as a single ion _____
VI. Writing Chemical Formulas from Compound Names
Molecular Name
Molecular Formula
Ionic Or Covalent?
31
Calcium hydroxide
32
Carbon monoxide
33
Chromium (II) chloride
34
Dihydrogen monoxide
35
Dinitrogen tetroxide
36
Iron (III) oxide
37
Magnesium sulfate
38
Manganese (II) oxide
39
Manganese (IV) oxide
40
Silicon tetraiodide
VII. Chemical Reactions
41. What happens to atoms when a chemical reaction takes place? __________________
42. What are the starting substances in the reaction called? ___________________
43. What are the ending substances in the reaction called? ___________________
VIII. Rates of Chemical Reactions
Tell if the following would increase (I) or decrease (D) the rate of a reaction.
_____ 47. cooling the reaction system
_____ 48. adding a catalyst
_____ 49. using a larger tablet versus a powder of the same substance
_____ 50. allowing the reaction to occur in an open beaker
_____ 51. enzymes in the human digestive system
_____ 52. adding more of the reactant to increase its concentration
_____ 53. completing the reaction in a sealed container
IX. Types of Chemical Reactions and Balancing Reactions
Balance each of the following; then label the following reactions with:
S = synthesis
Sin = single displacement
D = decomposition
Dbl = double displacement
54) _____ KClO3  _____ KCl + _____ O2
55) _____ HCl + _____ NaOH  _____ NaCl + _____ H2O
56) _____ Mg + _____ HCl  _____ MgCl2 + _____ H2
57) _____ H2 + _____ O2  _____ H2O
X. Miscellaneous
* When a chemical equation is balanced, you can use the coefficient to determine the mole ratio (Example: 2Mg + O 2  2MgO…this means you need 2 moles
of Mg for every mole of O2).
58. How many moles each of Mg and HCl would you need to complete the reaction in #56?
59. How many atoms are in 209g of Bi?
60. How many moles are in 56g of N?
5/2 (along with Phases of Matter) Solutions
1. What do solubility, solute, solvent, and solution mean?
2. Give 3 examples of solutes and 3 examples of solvents.
3. What are 4 things you can do to increase the rate of dissolving?
4. Why is water considered the universal solvent?
5. How is water a polar molecule? How does it dissolve things using polarity?
6. List 2 examples each.
a. Solution
Colloid
Suspension
c. Emulsion
b. Heterogeneous mixture
Emulsifier
7. Differentiate between unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions.
8. What is a neutralization reaction? What is the product?
9. Tell the following information about both acids and bases:
ACID
BASE
EOCT Review
Name: _____________________________________5/3/2023
Answers must be on a separate sheet of paper; they do NOT need to be complete sentences. Copy tables and charts as needed.
DEFINITION
TASTE
ION
STRONG vs WEAK
LOCATION ON pH SCALE
3 EXAMPLES
4/26 Motion & Forces
1. What is the definition of speed?
2. What is Newton’s first law?
3. What is the speed of an object at rest?
4. Draw a distance vs. time graph for an object at constant speed...and one to show stationary.
5. If the net force on an object is zero...what two things can the object do?
6. What happens at terminal velocity? How does this feel to sky divers?
7. Give an example of a scenario in which balanced forces are occurring.
8. What is free fall acceleration?
9. What is the definition of velocity?
10. What is Newton’s second Law?
11. What are the three different types of friction...and which is strongest?
12. What is the term used to refer to the total sum of the forces acting on an object?
13. Draw a velocity vs. time graph for an object speeding up...and one to show slowing down.
14. How does mass and distance between objects affect gravity?
15. Give two examples each for the three different types of friction.
16. What is a cat’s velocity if it has run 50 meters in 10 seconds?
17. What is the definition of acceleration?
18. What is Newton’s third law?
19. What is a stationary object used to compare a moving object to? What is the most common one?
20. What does negative acceleration mean?
21. How can you find the weight of something using a mathematical formula?
22. What two things does momentum of an object depend on?
23. What is the definition of momentum?
24. What is the triangle formula for speed or velocity...and what is the SI unit for both?
25. What do unbalanced forces cause?
How far has grandpa skateboarded if he traveled 15 miles/hr for 5 minutes?
If a dog walks at 12 miles/hour for 2 miles, how long has the dog walked?
A car is going 45 miles/per hour and it take 5 seconds to stop. What is the car’s acceleration?
26. What is inertia?
27. How can a small object have the same momentum as a massive object?
How much momentum would a 60Kg boy have if he was traveling at 3 m/s?
27. How are mass and weight the same and different?
A girl is traveling on her bike at 0.10 km/min. How far will she travel in 2 hours?
A car goes from 0 to 60km/hr in 10 seconds. What is its acceleration?
An ant can carry a crumb of cookie at 1 cm/second. How long with it take an ant to carry the crumb 50 meters? If you leave on a trip at 8 a.m. and
arrive at 3 p.m. and your velocity was 65 mph north, how far did you travel on your trip?
5/27 & 5/28 Simple Machines
1. Draw 3 levers, label with effort, resistance, fulcrum & arrows showing direction of forces (give 2 examples).
2. Write W if work is done or N if it is not in the following situations:
a) carrying books across the room
c) blowing dust off table
b) wind blew lawn chair across the yard
d) standing with a book balanced on your head
3. List the six types of simple machines, and give 2 examples of each.
4. Which requires more work, lifting a 15N load a distance of 3 meters with a pulley, or lifting a 7N load 10 meters with the
same machine?
5. A machine has a work output of 45 J. In order to accomplish the work, 48 J of work was put into the machine. What is
the efficiency of the machine?
6. A motor pushes a car with a force of 35N for 350 meters in 6 seconds. Calculate the work done.
How much KE does a 1 kg book have when it is tossed across the room at 2 m/s?
7. What is the PE of a 1 kg. book that is 3m off the ground?
4/29 Energy & Energy Transformation
1. At what temperature is any object’s KE at its lowest?
2. Describe energy transfer if you touch something and it feels cold to you, AND if you touch another object and it feels hot.
EOCT Review
Name: _____________________________________5/3/2023
Answers must be on a separate sheet of paper; they do NOT need to be complete sentences. Copy tables and charts as needed.
3. Describe the following: kinetic energy, thermal energy, temperature, and thermometer.
4. Differentiate between the three methods of energy transfer—conduction, convection and radiation.
5. How does an increase in kinetic energy affect a substance?
6. How is energy transferred when there are areas of high energy and areas of low energy? Give 1 example.
7. What does specific heat mean? How does the specific heat of water compare to that of gold? Explain in words what that means.
8. What happens to the volume of a substance if it is cooled? Why?
9. What happens to the volume of a substance if it is heated? Why?
10. What is a substance that allows easy transfer of energy called? Give 3 examples.
11. What is a substance that does not allow easy transfer of energy called? Give 3 examples.
12.
How does a refrigerator work?
13.
How does a thermos work?
14.
How does an Air conditioning Unit work?
15.
What is energy transferred between the particles of two objects because of the temperature difference between the 2 objects called?
16.
What is the measure of the average KE of particles in a substance called?