Hydrosphere Study Guide
Question 1 (1 point)
Only 3% of water on Earth consists of freshwater.
True
False
Question 2 (1 point)
The part of the water cycle where liquid water turns into a gas.
a
Condensation
b
Evaporation
c
Transpiration
d
Precipitation
Question 3 (1 point)
Polluted groundwater is difficult to clean up because
a
groundwater is deep in the ground and dispersed through large areas of rock
b
pollutants cling to the materials that make up the aquifer and contaminate the clean
water
c
the recycling process of groundwater can take hundreds or thousands of years
d
all of the above
Question 4 (1 point)
Which of the following is one way a person can conserve water?
a
take a long bath instead of a shower
b
wash laundry in small partial loads
c
use a low flow shower head to take short showers
d
water the lawn daily and at mid-day
Question 5 (1 point)
The ______ pull on the Earth is the main cause of ocean tides.
a
Earth's
b
Sun's
c
Moon's
d
Mars'
Question 6 (1 point)
What percentage of water on Earth is taken up by ocean/salt water?
a
2%
b
97%
c
50%
d
100%
Question 7 (8 points)
Match the vocabulary term with the definition.
Column A
1. Water that is beneath the Earth's surface.:
Groundwater
Water that is beneath the Earth's
surface.
2. Fresh water that collects on the surface of the Fresh water that collects on the
ground.:
surface of the ground.
Surface Water
3. A hole dug in the ground to access ground
water.:
A hole dug in the ground to
access ground water.
Well
4. This term means that a given water sample is This term means that a given
safe for drinking.:
water sample is safe for
Potable
drinking.
5. A method of providing plants or crops with
water.:
A method of providing plants or
crops with water.
Irrigation
6. Where pollution or other chemicals have
decreased levels of oxygen or other nutrients
in a given region of water; usually a space
where there is no life.:
Dead Zone
Where pollution or other
chemicals have decreased levels
of oxygen or other nutrients in a
given region of water; usually a
space where there is no life.
7. A flowing network of rivers and streams that A flowing network of rivers and
drain a river basin.:
streams that drain a river basin.
River System
Column
B
a.Surf
ace
water
b.Pota
ble
c.Rive
r
syste
m
d.Wel
l
e.Aqu
ifer
f.Dea
d
zone
g.Irrig
ation
h.Gro
und
water
8. A cave or opening in the ground that stores
groundwater.:
A cave or opening in the ground
that stores groundwater.
Aquifer
Question 8 (1 point)
In the United States, sewage that enters a given body of water is always decontaminated and cleaned up.
True
False
Question 9 (1 point)
Most of the oil that pollutes the ocean comes from
a
operating boats and personal watercraft
b
spills from oil tankers
c
runoff from cities and towns
d
leaking underground storage facilitites
Question 10 (1 point)
What was the name of the bacteria that caused a large outbreak in Michigan due to coroded pipes?
a
Covid-19
b
Legion
c
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
d
Legionella
Question 11 (1 point)
Many areas of the world that do not have adequate fresh water have become habitable because
a
rainfall patterns have changed
b
water management projects have diverted water to the areas
c
icebergs have been towed in to provide fresh water
d
people have practiced water conservation
Question 12 (1 point)
Pollution can be added to bodies of water through municipal, industrial, and agricultural means, but rain does not
add any pollution, because it has been cleaned during the steps of the water cycle.
True
False
Question 13 (1 point)
How is fresh water used in industry?
a
In the manufacturing process.
b
In the disposal of waste products.
c
In the generation of power
d
All of the above
Question 14 (1 point)
Contaminants such as fertilizers, pesticides, and animal waste being dumped into the hydrosphere and atmosphere
can cause
a
Water pollution
b
Dead zones
c
Health issues
d
All of the above
Question 15 (1 point)
Three percent of the world's water resources are found as
a
freshwater
b
saltwater
c
icecaps and glaciers
d
groundwater
Question 16 (1 point)
Salinity is the amount of carbon dissolved in water.
True
False
Question 17 (1 point)
What is the purose of adding alum to water during the water treatment process?
a
to filter and remove large organisms and trash
b
to form flocs (clumps) that bacteria and other impurities will cling to
c
to prevent bacterial growth
d
to remove unwanted gases
Question 18 (1 point)
What is the average percent of salt in seawater?
a
55%
b
3.5%
c
95%
d
7.5%
Question 19 (1 point)
The three major global uses of fresh water are
a
manufacturing goods, wastewater disposal, and irrigation
b
drinking, bathing, and growing crops
c
drinking, manufacturing goods and generating power
d
residential, agricultural and industrial uses
Question 20 (1 point)
What would happen to the salinity density in a given body of saltwater if freshwater is added in large amounts.
a
Salinity density increases
b
Salinity density decreases
c
Oxygen decreases
d
Carbon increases
Question 21 (1 point)
A hole that is dug into the ground to obtain fresh water is called
a
the recharge zone
b
a well
c
an aquifer
d
a watershed
Question 22 (1 point)
Which of the following irrigation methods may not be the most efficient because it allows for a lot of
evaporation into the air?
a
flood irrigation
b
spray irrigation
c
drip irrigation
d
none of the above
Question 23 (1 point)
Which of the following causes the greatest amount of ocean pollution?
a
pollutants carried into the oceans by rivers
b
sewage sludge dumped directly into the ocean
c
oil spills from tankers and offshore oil rigs
d
ships dumping garbage into the ocean
Question 24 (1 point)
The part of the water cycle where water falls from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, and hail.
a
Evaporation
b
Precipitation
c
Condensation
d
Transpiration
Question 25 (5 points)
Match the definition with the correct vocabulary term.
Column A
1. Contains most of the Earth's freshwater:
Ice Caps/Glaciers
2. Makes up 3% of water on Earth:
Fresh water
3. Makes up 97% of water on Earth:
Ocean water
4. Only 1% of freshwater:
Accessible Surface Freshwater
5. Makes up 20% of freshwater:
Ground water
Question 26 (1 point)
Column B
Contains most
of the Earth's
freshwater
Makes up 3%
of water on
Earth
Makes up 97%
of water on
Earth
Only 1% of
freshwater
Makes up 20%
of freshwater
a.Ground water
b.Accessible Surface
Freshwater
c.Freshwater
d.Ice Caps/Glaciers
e.Ocean Water
A very hot marine region can have an increased density of salinity due to the increased amount of evaporation of
water.
True
False
Question 27 (1 point)
When neighborhood residents noticed a large number of dead fish in a local creek, they traced the
problem to a nearby gas station. It turned out that a gasoline tank had developed a leak. This is an
example of
a
point-source pollution
b
nonpoint-source pollution
c
thermal pollution
d
groundwater pollution
Question 28 (3 points)
Match the types of water pollution with their definition.
Column A
Column B
1 Industrial:
. C
Industri
al
a.Runoff from farms (pesticides, fertilizers,
animal feces)
2 Agricultural:
. A
Agricul
tural
b.Waste from cities and towns (sewage removal,
septic tanks, storm drains).
3 Municipal:
. B
Munici
pal
c.Radioactive, heavy metal, and fossil fuel
pollutants
Question 29 (1 point)
The part of the water cycle where a water vapor turns into liquid water.
a
Condensation
b
Evaporation
c
Transpiration
d
Precipitation
Question 30 (1 point)
Water dissolves minerals out of rocks, which contains elements such as sodium and chloride, creating a high salinity
environment in the oceans.
True
False
Question 31 (1 point)
Freshwater is a limited resource because
a
most water is polluted
b
most surface water contains salt
c
it is controlled by powerful governments
d
dams have limited the flow of fresh water
Question 32 (1 point)
Freshwater makes up 3% of the water on Earth. Of that 3%, only only a small amount can be used for drinking
water.
True
False
Question 33 (1 point)
Animal feces would be classified as which type of water pollutant?
a
pathogen
b
organic matter
c
inorganic matter
d
heavy metals
Question 34 (1 point)
Storms can affect the quality of water because they cause water to runoff into large bodies of water, taking different
pollutants and pesticides along with it.
True
False