Introduction to Materials Science
&Engineering
Course Objective...
Introduce fundamental concepts in Materials
Science
You will learn about:
• material structure
• how structure dictates properties
• how processing can change structure
This course will help you to:
• use materials properly
• realize new design opportunities
with materials
Chapter 1 - 1
LECTURES
Lecturer: John Yirijor
Office Hours: 1:30-4:30 am Tuesday
2:30-3:30 pm Wednesday
(or by appointment)
Time: Thursday 8:05-9:20 a.m.
Activities:
• Present new material
• Take quizzes and midterms*
*Make-ups given only for emergencies.
Chapter 1 - 2
COURSE MATERIAL
Required text:
• Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction
W.D. Callister, Jr., 9th edition, John Wiley and Sons,
Inc. (2007). Both book and WileyPlus (which includes
the e-book) are needed.
Required calculator:
• Simple inexpensive scientific calculator with no
memories, such as TI-30XA, required for exams
and quizzes.
Chapter 1 - 3
TEXTBOOK WEBSITE
Text Website: http://www.wiley.com/college/callister
• Additional Chapters (Chapters 19-23)
• Complete solutions to selected problems
• Links to other web resources
• Extended learning objectives
• Self-assessment exercises
Chapter 1 - 4
What is Material Science and
Engineering?
vMaterials science
qInvestigate the relationships be-tween the
structures and properties of materials.
qDesign/develop new materials
vMaterials Engineering
§ create new products using existing
materials
§ develop materials processing techniques
Chapter 1 -
Why are materials important?
• Materials drive our society
– Stone Age
– Bronze Age
– Iron Age
• What is todays material age?
• Silicon(Electronic materials) Age?
• Nanomaterials Age?
• Polymer Age?
Chapter 1 -
Why is it important for engineers
to understand materials
• Products/devices/components that
engineers design are all made of
materials.
• To select appropriate materials and
processing techniques for specific
applications engineers must
ü have the knowledge of materials
properties and
ü understand the structure property
relationships
Chapter 1 -
Relationship Amongs Structure,
Processing, & Properties
• Properties depend on structure
ex: hardness vs structure of steel
Hardness (BHN)
(d)
600
500
400
300
200
30 mm
(c)
(a)
30 mm
100
0.01 0.1
(b)
4 mm
30 mm
Data obtained from Figs. 10.30(a)
and 10.32 with 4 wt% C composition,
and from Fig. 11.14 and associated
discussion, Callister 7e.
Micrographs adapted from (a) Fig.
10.19; (b) Fig. 9.30;(c) Fig. 10.33;
and (d) Fig. 10.21, Callister 7e.
1
10 100 1000
Cooling Rate (ºC/s)
proccessing)
•
Processing(e.g cooling rate of steel from high temp affects
structure
l (microstructure)
•Structure in turn effects hardness
Chapter 1 - 8
• Metals:
Types of Materials
– Strong, ductile
– high thermal & electrical conductivity
– opaque, reflective.
• Polymers/plastics: Covalent bonding  sharing of e’s
– Soft, ductile, low strength, low density
– thermal & electrical insulators
– Optically translucent or transparent.
• Ceramics: ionic bonding (refractory) – compounds of metallic
& non-metallic elements (oxides, carbides, nitrides, sulfides)
– Brittle, glassy, elastic
– non-conducting (insulators)
Chapter 1 - 9
The Materials Selection Process
1. Pick Application
Determine required Properties
Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal,
magnetic, optical, deteriorative.
2. Properties
Identify candidate Material(s)
Material: structure, composition.
3. Material
Identify required Processing technique
Processing: changes structure and overall shape
ex tecnique: casting, ,doping, forming, joining, Heat treating.
Chapter 1 - 10