NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)
INTRPDUCTION TO NSTP 1
LESSON 1
THE SECTION 9 of ARTICLE II of the 1987 CONSTITUTION
According to the Section 9 of Article II of the 1987 Constitution,
“the state shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and
independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide
adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved
quality of life for all.
✓In line with this, De Leon (2011) explains that “a nation’s social services delivery system is
central to achieving equality and closing the wealth and income gap between the rich and the
poor
THE RA 9163 – NSTP LAW
✓The RA 9163 or the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Law is a program aimed at
enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics
of service and patriotism.
✓The government may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil service. In the
pursuit of these goals, the youth shall be motivated, trained, organized, and mobilized in military
training, literacy, civic welfare, and other similar endeavors in service to the nation
✓Social development aims to reduce poverty and employment and create jobs. However, these
obligations should be shouldered not only by the government but also by all Filipinos
THE PRINCIPLE BEHIND RA 9163
✓ What are the organizations and agencies issued, adopted and promulgated the Implementing
Rules and Regulations (IRR) for the NSTP?
• Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
• Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
• Department of National Defense (DND)
In cooperation with:
• Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges (PASUC)
• Coordinating Council of Private Educational Associations of the Philippines (COCOPEA)
• Non-Government Organizations (NGO)
✓Section 1 of the IRR of the NSTP Law states that:
“while it is the prime duty of the government to protect and serve its citizens, in turn, it shall be
the duty of the citizens to defend the security of the state, and in fulfillment thereof, the government
may require each citizen to render personal, military or civil service.
COMPONENTS OF NSTP
The following are the components of the NSTP Law as enumerated in Section 5 of the IRR:
1.The Reserve Officers’Training Corps (ROTC)
- designed to provide military training to motivate, train, organize and mobilize the
youth for national defense preparedness.
2.The CivicWelfare Training Service (CWTS)
- consists of activities that contribute to the general welfare and the betterment of
life of the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities, especially
those devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship,
safety, recreation, morals and other areas.
3.The Literacy Training Service (LTS)
designed to train students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children,
out-of-school youth and other segments of the society in need of such service
COVERAGE OF THE NSTP LAW
1. All incoming first-year students, male and female, starting the academic year (2002 –
2003), enrolled in any baccalaureate degree are required to complete one NSTP
component of their choice as a requirement for graduation.
2. All higher and technical-vocational education institutions must offer at least one NSTP
component.
3. The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA),
Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) and other SUCs of similar nature are
exempted from the NSTP
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)
THE NATURE OF HUMAN PERSON
LESSON 2
THE HUMAN PERSON
A human person is a living being that contains a real and existing power to direct its own
development toward fulfillment
CHARACTERISTICS OF A HUMAN PERSON
RATIONAL
•
A human person is a rational being. As a rational being, a person is free to think and has
the capacity to reason.
SEXUAL
•
All created living things are sexual in nature but the uniqueness of expression of a person’s
sexuality makes it all different
SOCIAL
•
Every person is intrinsically a social being. He cannot detach his “being” from others and
all other creatures in universe
FREE
•
A person has the freedom to do or not do a specific action
UNIQUE
•
A human person is unique. Every person has his own identity such that no two persons
are the same
VIEWS ON HUMAN PERSON
CLASSICAL VIEW
The human person has superiority and dignity inherited from the Supreme Being.
Agbuya (1997) states that “He/she (human person) is designed by God to exercise dominion over
other creatures in his/her everyday use of freedom, search for happiness, and openness to the
world around him/her. And what makes him/her human is his/her being a true person, which
include the special gifts and talents of thinking, loving, and longing for happiness, and making
decisions. The human nature is patterned after the image of God”
PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW
In Maguigad’s philosophy book, Philosophy of Human Being, he explained the philosophical views
on human person.
CONSERVATISM
•
All human persons may not be of equal value to society: some men are intended to rule,
the rest to obey. This is in line with one of the Confucian ethical ideas which states that
the superior being must rule and the commoner must bow before his authority
SOCIALISM
•
Human being readily engages in cooperative social activities when given the opportunity.
Karl Marx believes that man is primarily driven by desire for economic gains. In his Das
Kapital, he considers the human person as a social animal; if he or she fails to relate
actively with others and with nature, he or she loses himself or herself and becomes
alienated(isolated). He or She drives lose human qualities and assume animal qualities
FACISM
•
Fascism holds that what matters most is the country itself. The human being can prosper
only when the nation prospers; that individual fate is merely secondary when it comes to
the country. Like the conservatives, the fascists contend that some human beings are
naturally and racially better than others.
CLASSICAL GREEK VIEW
The early classical Greeks define the human person as “a rational animal”. An animal’s vegetative
sensory and rational element is integrated within his/her being; thus he/she is a material (body)
and a spiritual (soul) being. A human person is capable of knowing, loving, and believing, which
leads him/her to be fully aware of his/her humanity.
SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW
● According to Salcedo (2004), people look at this social world or at the various ways that human
beings behave in a social way.
● San Juan (2007) proposes common ideas about the human person:
1. Human person are social animals.
2. Human person’s behavior is learned, not instinctive.
3. To understand the human person’s social behavior, we have to focus on the groups to which
people belong.
4. Sociology is a discipline that looks into the totality of relationships in an individual’s life.
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Human being lives according to their interest. If you feel hungry or thirsty you will find ways to
satisfy your stomach or your dry throat. That is what we call motivation.
Abraham Maslow an American psychologist proposed that healthy human beings have a certain
number of needs. And that these needs can be arranged in a hierarchy. Maslow published his
paper on the year 1943 “A Theory of Human Motivation” were in he imposed the motivation of
human being is based on the hierarchy of needs
SELF-ACTUALIZATION
•
Morality, Creativity, Spontaneity, Problem solving Lack of prejudice, Acceptance of facts
ESTEEM
•
Self-esteem, Confidence, Achievement, Respect of others, Respect by others
LOVE/BELONGING
•
Friendship, Family, Sexual intimacy
SAFETY
•
Security of body, Security of employment, Security of resources, Security of morality
Security of the family, Security of the health, Security of property
PHYSIOLOGICAL
•
Breathing, Food, Water, Sex, Sleep, Homeostasis, Excretion
HUMAN NEEDS
1. PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS include the biological and basic needs such as water and clothing,
they are essential for survival.
2. SAFETY NEEDS include security and protection from physical and emotional harm.
3. SOCIAL NEEDS include affection, sense of belonging and friendship to overcome loneliness.
4. SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS include achievement, mastery and confidence.
5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION NEEDS means a person has reached the peak of his or her potential.
The fullness of human person.
IN A NUTSHELL
• It is basically difficult to understand the human person.
• He/she is described as having physical, spiritual, emotional, and intellectual attributes, capable
of knowing, loving, and believing.
• Various Biblical, philosophical, classical, psychological and sociological views and perspectives
offers essential insights into the human nature.
• Nevertheless, it boils down to the human person’s relational character toward others called
“service to his/her fellowmen
NATIONAL TRAINNING PROGRAM (NSTP)
FILIPINO CHARACTERISTICS
LESSON 3
FILIPINO VALUES
Every country has its differing values and stereo types, and the Philippines is no exception. We
Filipinos firmly believe that our country has the best values and traits in the world. Although we
have been colonized by several countries, many core values from our ancestors remained intact
and are still honored to this day. Filipinos are not perfect, but we have great characteristics and
qualities every one of us should be proud of
POSTIVE VALUES
HOSPITABLE
•
This is one of the most popular qualities of Filipinos. Foreigners who have gone to the
Philippines find themselves falling in love with the warm hospitality they are shown. It's a
different kind of value system, which has existed for thousands of years. Here are some
examples of the hospitality that Filipinos show, not only to foreigners, but also to their
fellow citizens
✓ When a person visits a friend's house, the host greets him or her with a very warm
welcome. The host will immediately let their visitor sit down and will prepare a meal or a
snack plus drinks for the visitor. The host will insist that the friend not leave the house with
an empty stomach. A host will always make sure you had a great time visiting them.
✓ People offer their guest room to visitors if they're going to spend the night.
✓ Meals offered to guests are very special. A host always finds a way to prepare great
tasting food that her visitor wants to eat
RESPECT AND COURTESY
•
This is often observed—not just by younger people—but also by people of all ages.
✓ Children respect elders by saying "po" and "opo," which mean "yes," when answering
their elders.
✓ Children or young adults also show respect by putting their elders' hands
on their foreheads
SRTRONG FAMILY TIES AND RELIGIONS
•
Filipinos value their families so much that they tend to keep families intact through the
generations.
✓ Families go to church and pray together because their religion is important and creates
a strong bond, marking God as the center of their lives.
✓ Families make sure to have quality time together especially after a day's work. Just
watching television or eating a family meal will be valued and prioritized in everybody's
schedules
GENEROSITY AND HELPFULNESS
•
Filipinos are generous people. Even when we have very little, we always share with those
around us
✓ During special occasions such as birthdays or "fiestas" —parties when people from
other places visit your home to celebrate with you—there are lots of foods specially
prepared for everyone! Friends, family, friends of friends, and even strangers can gather
and they are always willing to share food and help out.
✓ When a neighbor is in trouble, Filipinos are always ready to help them
STRONG WROK ETHICS AND HARDWORKING
•
Filipinos are hardworking people to the point that we are willing to work almost the whole
day just to feed our families. That's how Filipinos are.
✓ One example of a hardworking person is a farmer. They earn so little but they still work
very hard for not much compensation.
✓ Filipinos always find creative ways to earn a living, like creating a small business from
their home where they sell foods or other items for the convenience of their neighbors
NEGATIVE FILIPINO VALUES
CRAB MENTALITY
•
This trait is characterized by not wanting other people to rise above you, and whenever
they do, you try to bring them down so that it does not happen. It's also can be in a form
of "misery loves company":
✓ When someone is more successful than you, you begin to spread rumors about that
person to dim their light.
✓ Remember the times when you feel like skipping classes, and you want your friends
to do the same? Yes, this is some form of crab mentality.
EXCESSIVE “UTANG NA LOOB”
•
This trait is characterized by expecting that all the good favor you provide/show to
someone gets returned back to you
✓ Your tita (aunt) pressuring you to give her large part of your salary, as repayment for
taking care of you.
✓ Why is it toxic? You get pressured into helping back someone who once gave you a
favor. Failure to do so brands you as someone without gratitude.
FILIPINO TIME
•
This trait is characterized by padding 1-2 hours from the agreed time, and therefore ending
up very late for events or meet-ups.
✓ Dinner with friends is set at 7PM. It's currently 7PM, and you are still on your bed still
hesitating whether you shall now get ready. You arrive at the venue at 8:30 PM.
✓ It disrespects those who have high regard to time, and there is a subtle assumption (be
it unintentional) that the time of those who waited too long does not matter.
MANANA HABIT
•
This trait is characterized by procrastinating but in a habitual way. Filipinos tend to do
things later and not finishing them on time
✓ A student was given a school task 1 week before its submission. Since the deadline is
next week, the student did not start to work on with the task and prioritize petty things
instead. When the deadline is about to come, that is when the student started to do the
task.
BAHALA NA ATTITUDE
•
Roughly translated as “come what may”, this is the Filipinos’ own version of fatalism, the
belief of trusting in Divine providence or leaving everything to the hands of fate. It is a
Filipino’s way of
avoiding rationalization or good reason
✓ While this trait can sometimes be helpful in time of adversity, the mentality of “ what
goes around, comes around,” can also keep us from finding ways out of tough situations