HUMAN LEARNING
WHAT’S THE IMPORTANCE OF
LEARNING?
-WITHOUT LEARNING WE’LL BE
STUCK IN THE PRIMITIVE WAYS (NO
IMPROVEMENT OR ADVANCEMENT
AT ALL).
-LEARNING BIRTHS CHANGE;
CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR, FEELINGS,
ATTITUDES, AND VALUES.
-HUMANS RELY ON LEARNING IN
ORDER TO DO SOMETHING, BUILD
SOMETHING, AND ETC. (LEARN
FROM EXPERIENCE, THROUGH
BOOKS, THROUGH OTHERS).
(UNLIKE WITH OTHER ANIMALS
SOME OF THE THINGS THEY CAN
DO ARE BUILT IN WITHIN THEIR
GENES- THEY CAN NATURALLY DO
IT. NO NEED TO MAKE AN EFFORT
TO LEARN). –
*AMAZING ISN’T IT!?
*EXAMPLE: MIGRATING BIRDS
HAVING A BUILT IN COMPASS- THEY
KNOW WHERE TO GO, WHERE’S
NORTH OR SOUTH WITHOUT
HAVING TO LEARN IT. (IT’S ALL
INSTINCT!)
-OFFERS FLEXIBILITY AND
ADAPTABILITY.
DEFINING LEARNING:
-A LONG TERM CHANGE IN MENTAL
REPRESENTATION OR
ASSOCIATIONS AS A RESULT OF
EXPERIENCE (CANCEL OUT
INFLUENCE OF DRUGS OR
ALCOHOL AND PRESENCE OF
CERTAIN DISEASES).
HOW CAN WE DETERMINE
LEARNING HAS OCCURRED?
-A CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR
-IF THE PERSON LEARNED
SOMETHING IT WILL BE REFLECTED
THROUGH HIS/HER BEHAVIOR.
PRINCIPLE AND THEORIES
PRINCIPLES
-BASIC TRUTH OR ASSUMPTION
(SERVES AS A FOUNDATION) ABOUT
LEARNING.
-GIVE “WHAT” FACTORS ARE
IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING
-STABLE OVERTIME
-EX. REWARD PRINCIPLE
THEORIES
-TELLS “WHY” THE FACTORS ARE
IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING
-GIVES IN DEPTH KNOWLEDGE
ABOUT PRINCIPLES? (EXPLAINS IT).
-IT CAN CHANGE OVERTIME
BECAUSE OF NEW RESEARCH
FINDINGS.
-NOT THE ULTIMATE TRUTH.
*THEORY MAY BE REVISED.
*THEORIES RELIES ON AND ARE
SUPPORTED BY SIGNIFICANT
RESEARCH FINDINGS.
EVOLUTION OF THEORIES IN
LEARNING (FIELDS INVOLVE IN
EXPLAINING LEARNING):



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BEHAVIORISM
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
QUESTION:
1. WITHOUT OBSERVABLE
CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR CAN
WE SAY LEARNING DID
REALLY OCCUR? WHY AND
WHY NOT? SUPPORT UR
ANSWER WITH EVIDENCES.
2. IS KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT
APPLICATION IS USELESS?
3. WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE IN
LEARNING BETWEEN HUMANS
AND NONHUMAN ANIMALS?
GIVE SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCES IN HOW THEY
LEARN.
4. WHAT ARE THE LIMITATIONS
IN LEARNING OF NONHUMAN
ANIMALS?
5. WHAT CHANGE TO THE IDEA
ABOUT LEARNING WHEN
SCIENTIST ARE FINALLY
GIVING IMPORTANCE TO THE
ROLE OF MENTAL PROCESS
(THAT’S NOT DIRECTLY
OBSERVABLE) IN THE
PROCESS OF LEARNING?
SUMMARY
THEORIES OF LEARNING
-THERE ARE SEVERAL THEORIES
THAT ATTEMPTS TO EXPLAIN WHAT
LEARNING IS AND THESE THEORIES
ABOUT LEARNING DEVELOPED AS
THE YEARS GO BY. THEREFORE,
WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT LEARNING
EXPANDED FROM THE NARROWED
VIEW OF BEHAVIORISM, TO
THEORIES SUCH AS THE SOCIAL
LEARNING THEORY, AND FINALLY
THE RISE OF COGNITIVISM
SIGNIFICANTLY CONTRIBUTED TO
THE STUDY OF LEARNING.
BECAUSE OF THAT, NOT ONLY
SCIENTIST LOOKED INTO THE
OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR, THEY
STARTED TO GIVE IMPORTANCE TO
THE ROLE OF MENTAL PROCESSES
IN LEARNING