KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
PRE IELTS WRITING
TENSES & CONCORD
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
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TECHNOLOGY
KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
COMMONLY USED TENSES IN IELTS
PAST
PRESENT
1. Past Simple
- An action that ended in
the past
1. Present Simple
- A habit/habitual activities
- A truth
2. Past Perfect
- An action that happened
after another in the past
2. Present Perfect
- An action that happens after another
at present
1. Yesterday
2. N + ago: 13 weeks ago
3. Last + N: last
year/month…
Present Simple
1. Often, usually, frequently, always,
constantly, sometimes, occasionally,
seldom, rarely,
2. Every + N: day/week…...
FUTURE
1. Prediction
- An activity / trend that
might happen in the future
Usage
Time
Indicators
1. Tomorrow
2. Next + N: next
month/year/day….
3. In + time: in 2
days/weeks….
Present Perfect
Already, just, ever, never, recently, up
to/till now, until now, lately, so far, yet,
since, for…
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
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Exercise 1: Divide the adverbs below into different groups that indicate specific tenses
In the next 5 years
In 2000
Recently
Nowadays
In recent years
Today
10 years ago
Lately
Tomorrow
Tense
Simple
Perfect
10 years ago, in 2000
Past
Today, Nowadays
Present
Future
In recent years, recently,
lately
Tomorrow, In the next 5
years
Exercise 2: Make 3 sentences using 3 of the adverbs above
1.___________________________________________________________________________
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2.___________________________________________________________________________
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3.___________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 3: Complete the following sentence
1. In all the world, there (be) __________ only 14 mountains that (reach) __________above
8,000 meters.
2. He sometimes (come) __________ to see his parents.
3. When I (come) __________, she (leave) __________for Dalat ten minutes ago.
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
4. My grandfather never (fly) __________ in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing
so.
5. We just (decide) __________ that we (undertake) ____________ the job.
6. He told me that he (take) __________ a trip to California the following week.
7. I knew that this road (be) __________ too narrow.
8. Right now I (attend) __________ class. Yesterday at this time I (attend) __________class.
9. Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home. When I (arrive) __________at the airport, Mary (wait)
__________ for me.
10. Margaret was born in 1950. By last year, she (live) __________on this earth for 55 years.
11. The traffic was very heavy. By the time I (get) __________to Mary’s party, everyone already
(arrive) __________
12. I will graduate in June. I (see) __________ you in July. By the time I (see) __________ you,
I (graduate) __________.
13. I (visit) __________ my uncle’s home regularly when I (be) __________ a child.
14. That book (be) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) __________ it yet?
15. David (wash) __________ his hands. He just (repair) __________ the TV set.
16. You (be) __________here before? Yes, I (spend) __________ my holidays here last year.
17. We never (meet) __________ him. We don’t know what he (look) __________ like.
18. The car (be) __________ ready for him by the time he (come) __________tomorrow.
19. On arriving at home I (find) __________that she just (leave) __________a few minutes
before.
20. When we (arrive) __________ in London tonight, it probably (rain) __________.
21. It (rain) __________ hard. We can’t do anything until it (stop) __________
22. Last night we (watch) __________TV when the power (fail) __________.
23. That evening we (stay) __________up to talk about the town where he (live) __________for
some years.
24. I (sit) __________down for a rest while the shoes (repair) __________.
25. Half way to the office Paul (turn) __________round and (go) __________back home
because he (forget) __________to turn the gas off.
26. London (change) __________a lot since we first (come) __________ to live here.
27. While we (talk) __________on the phone the children (start) __________fighting and
(break) __________a window
28. He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) __________ in his life.
29. You know she (stand) __________looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes.
30. I (spend) __________ a lot of time travelling since I (get) __________this new job.
31. When we (be) __________ at school we all (study) __________Latin.
32. When I (meet) __________ him, he (work) __________as a waiter for a year.
33. After he (finish) __________ breakfast he (sit) __________down to write some letters.
34. She (have) __________a hard life, but she’s always smiling.
35. I think Jim (be) __________ out of town.
36. He often (go) ___________to school on foot.
37. It was noisy next door. Our neighbors _________(have) a party.
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
38. It _________(get) dark. Shall I turn on the light?
39. I _________(look) for Christine. Do you know where she is?
40. At 5 o’clock yesterday evening, I_________(iron) my clothes.
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TECHNOLOGY
KLISH EDUCATION | PREIELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT
SSingular + VS/ES
General rules
SPlural + V
Independent clauses do not affect the main verb
VS/ES
Cases
V
Examples
Cases
1. Uncountable nouns
(even with quantity): a bit (of), much,
(a) little, a large amount of, a great
deal of
1. Plural countable nouns
even with quantity: both, several,
many, (a) few
2. The number of + N(s)
2. A number of
3. Currency, weight, time, length,
temperature, etc.
3. The + Adj
4. Noun clauses
- If / whether
4. Collective nouns
- Wh-clause
- That
5. Gerunds / Infinitives
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable answer
1. The trousers you bought for me (doesn’t/don’t) fit me
2. Physics (was/were) my best subject at school
3. Fortunately the news (wasn’t/weren’t) as bad as we had thought
4. The police (wants/want) to interview Fred about a robbery
5. Three days (isn’t/aren’t) long enough for a good holiday
6. Where (does/do) you family live?
7. England (have/has) lost all their football matches this season
8. (Does/do) the police know about the stolen money?
9. Can I borrow your scissors? Mine (isn’t/aren’t) sharp enough
10. I’m going to take a taxi. Six miles (is/are) too far for me to walk
11. John, along with twenty friends, (is/are) planning a party
12. The picture of the soldiers (bring/brings) back a lot of memories
13. The quality of these recordings (is/are) not very good
14. If the duties of these officers (isn’t/aren’t) reduced, there will not be enough time to finish
the project
15. The effects of cigarette smoking (have/has) been proven to be extremely harmful
16. The use of credit cards in place of cash (have/has) increased rapidly in recent years
17. Advertisements on television (is/are) becoming more competitive than ever before
18. Living expenses in this country, as well as in many others, (is/are) at an all-time high
19. Mr. Jones, accompanied by several members of the committee, (have/has) proposed some
changes of the rules
20. The levels of intoxication (vary/varies) from subject to subject
21. Neither Bill nor Mary (is/are) going to the play tonight
22. Anything (is/are) better than going to another movie tonight
23. My friend and colleague, James, (is/are) taking some time off work
24. Skating (is/are) becoming more popular every day
25. A number of reporters (was/were) at the conference yesterday
26. Your glasses (was/were) on the bureau last night
27. There (was/were) some people at the meeting last night
28. The committee (has/have) already reached a decision
29. A pair of jeans (was/were) in the washing machine this morning
30. Each student (has/have) answered the first three questions
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
Exercise 2: Complete the following essay with the correct form and tense of the word in bracket
Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of
technology.
In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships that people
make? Has this been a positive or negative development?
SAMPLE ANSWER
It is true that new technologies __________ (have) an influence on communication
between people. Technology has __________ (affect) relationships in various ways, and in my
opinion there __________ (be) both positive and negative effects.
Technology has had an impact on relationships in business, education and social
life. Firstly, telephones and the Internet __________ (allow) business people in different
countries to interact without ever meeting each other. Secondly, services like Skype
__________ (create) new possibilities for relationships between students and teachers. For
example, a student can now __________ (take) video lessons with a teacher in a different city
or country. Finally, many people use social networks, like Facebook, to make new friends and
find people who share common __________ (interest), and they interact through their
computers rather than face to face.
On the one hand, these developments can be extremely __________ (positivity).
Cooperation between people in different countries __________ (be) much more difficult when
communication __________ (limit) to written letters or telegrams. Nowadays, interactions by
email, phone or video __________ (be) almost as good as face-to-face meetings, and many of
us benefit from these interactions, either in work or social contexts. On the other hand, the
availability of new communication technologies can also have the result of isolating people and
discouraging real interaction. For example, many young people __________ (choose) to make
friends online rather than mixing with their peers in the real world, and these ‘virtual’
relationships are a poor substitute for real friendships.
In conclusion, technology certainly __________ (revolution) communication between
people, but not all of the outcomes of this revolution have been positive.
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
Exercise 3: Rewrite these Vietnamese sentences in English using what you have learned
1. Công nghệ ngày càng phát triển và có nhiều ảnh hưởng, cả tích cực lẫn tiêu cực, lên nhiều
khía cạnh trong cuộc sống của con người
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2. Một trong những ảnh hưởng tích cực là công nghệ như Internet hay điện thoại cho phép
mọi người tương tác với nhau bất cứ lúc nào, không kể khoảng cách
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3. Ví dụ, một du học sinh xa nhà có thể gọi cho bố mẹ qua ứng dụng như Skype hay Facetime
mà không gặp khó khăn nào
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4. Một ví dụ khác là mọi người có thể tìm thấy và kết bạn với những người có cùng sở thích với
mình qua các mạng xã hội như Facebook
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
ANSWER KEYS
- Tenses Exercise 3:3
1. are - reach
2. comes
3. came – had left
4. has never flown
5. have just decided – would undertake
6. would take
7. was
8. am attending - was attending
9. arrive - will be waiting
10. had lived
11. got - had already arrived
12. will see - see - will have graduated 13.
visited -was
14. has been - haven’t you read
15. is washing - has just repaired
16. have you been – spent
17. have never met - looks
18. will have been- comes
19. found – had just left
20. arrive – will probably be raining
21. is raining - stops
22. were watching – failed
23. stayed – had lived
24. sat – were being repaired
25. turned – went – had forgotten
26. has changed – came
27. were talking – started - broke
28. had done
29. has been standing
30. have spent – got
31. were – studied
32. met – had been working
33. had finished - sat
34. has
35. Is
36. goes
37. were having
38. is getting
39. am looking
40. was ironing
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KLISH EDUCATION | PRE-IELTS
WRITING
TECHNOLOGY
- Subject – Verb Agreement Exercise 1:
1. don’t
2. was
3. wasn’t
4. want
5. isn’t
6. does
7. has
8. Do
9. aren’t
10. is
11. is
12. brings
13. is
14. aren’t
15. have
16. has
17. are
18. are
19. has
20. vary
21. is
22. is
23. is
24. is
25. were
26. were
27. were
28. has
29. was
30. has
Exercise 2:
1. have had
2. affected
3. are
4. allow
5. create
6. take
7. interests
8. positive
9. was
10. was limited
11. are
12. choose
13. has revolutionized
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