Communicative
Types of Communicative Strategy
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Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic Control
Topic Shifting
Repair
Termination
Communicative strategies are plans,
ways, or means of sharing information
which are adopted to achieve a particular
social, political, psychological, or linguistic
purpose.
Types of Communicative Strategy
NOMINATION
• Presenting a particular topic clearly,
truthfully, and saying only what is relevant.
Types of Communicative Strategy
NOMINATION
• A speaker carries out nomination to
collaboratively and productively
establish a topic.
Types of Communicative Strategy
NOMINATION
• You open a topic with the people you are
talking with.
Types of Communicative Strategy
NOMINATION
• Examples:
• Have you felt the earthquake last night?
• There’s a new film festival next month!
• What kind of movies do you like?
Strategies to collaboratively and productively
establish a topic in a conversation
• If there is no previous topic in a
conversation, start assessing the person
without prejudice.
Strategies to collaboratively and productively
establish a topic in a conversation
• Ask his opinion about recent news story,
fashion, the occasion or event, or
anything that you think the person would
be interested in.
Strategies to collaboratively and productively
establish a topic in a conversation
• Do not linger too long with the opinion of
conversation for this may lead to a debate.
Strategies to collaboratively and productively
establish a topic in a conversation
• Try to find ways to end the topic and shift to
another topic.
Strategies to collaboratively and productively
establish a topic in a conversation
• If there is an existing conversation topic
already, you may join the conversation and
later you may be shift to another topic.
Types of Communicative Strategy
RESTRICTION
• Constraining the response or
reaction within a set of
categories
Types of Communicative Strategy
RESTRICTION
• Refers to any limitation you
have as a speaker
Types of Communicative Strategy
RESTRICTION
• Examples:
• Report using the english language
• When your instructor asks you to
brainstorm about communicative
strategies
Types of Communicative Strategy
TURN-TAKING
•
Turn-taking organizes the distribution and
flow of speech between two participants of
interaction.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TURN-TAKING
• Turn-taking is a process in which one
participant talks, then stops and gives the
floor to another participant who starts
talking.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TURN-TAKING
• Examples:
• Do you have something to say ?
• You have the spotlight now.
• We are ready whenever you are.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TOPIC CONTROL
• It refers to one or more than one speaker
ruling over the topic.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TOPIC CONTROL
• Covers how procedural formality and
informality affects the development of
topics in conversation.
TOPIC CONTROL
Examples:
• Maybe we should reserve that topic for
another time
• I’d like to appeal to our panelists to avoid
aggressive remarks.
• Let’s not talk about it right now.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TOPIC SHIFTING
•
•
Involves moving from one topic to another.
•
Introducing a new topic followed by the
continuation of the topic beforehand.
Where a part of the conversation ends and
also begins.
Prompts to steer the discussion to a new topic:
•
Perhaps we can save the discussion for another
time...
•
At this point, let me call another panelist to lead
the discussion...
•
•
By the way...
Since you mentioned that...
Types of Communicative Strategy
REPAIR
Repair is the process of being able to identify your
mistakes and finding simpler or better words to
use so that your listeners can understand you.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TERMINATION
• Termination refers to the
conversation participants’ closeinitiating expressions that end a topic
in a conversation.
Types of Communicative Strategy
TERMINATION
• Termination applies when the
situation does not permit you to stay
longer in a conversation.
TIPS TO END A CONVERSATION
1. Give a reason why you have to leave
the conversation.
2. Use body language to show you want
to end the conversation.
Ex. move towards the door.
TIPS TO END A CONVERSATION
3. Make a statement to summarize and
wrap up your conversation and then
you have to say you have to go.
4. Introduce the person to someone else.
5. Get back to your book or phone.
Examples of terminating a conversation politely:
•
I wish I could stay and talk more, but my
time won’t permit me. I have to go.
•
Excuse me but I really need to go. I’ll
catch up with you some time soon.
•
I had a fun time talking to you, but it’s
getting late. We better get going.
Reference:
Oral Communication for Senior High School
Authors: Maria Antonieta G. Zoleta
Thea Pamela PaulineA. Javier
Images from Google