VERNACULAR TERMS IN CONSTRUCTION 1 2 ENGLISH Abutment Anchor VERNACULAR Tulay Liyabe 3 Architect Arkitekto 4 Astragal Batidura 5 Awning Medya Agua 6 Balusters Barandillas/Verandillas 7 Barrel Bolt Trankilya 8 9 Baseboard Bath Tub Rodapis Bañera 10 Bathroom Banyo 11 Beam Biga 12 13 Bolt Bottom Chord Pierno Barakilan 14 Brace Pie de Gallo 15 Brick Tisa 16 Brown Coat Tapon DEFINITION a structure built to support the lateral pressure of an arch or span is used to attach objects or structures to concrete is someone who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings a convex molding or wooden strip across a surface or separating panels, typically semicircular in cross-section. secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building is a moulded shaft, square or of lathe-turned form, a form cut from a rectangular or square plank, one of various forms of spindle in woodwork, made of stone or wood and sometimes of metal, standing on a unifying footing, and supporting thecoping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase is a type of fastener (nut) which has a barrel-shaped flange and protruding boss that is internally threaded a narrow wooden board running along the base of an interior wall a tub, usually installed in a bathroom, in which to bathe a room containing a toilet and sink and typically also a bathtub or shower a long, sturdy piece of squared timber or metal spanning an opening or part of a building, usually to support the roof or floor above. a metal pin or bar, in particular The lowest longitudinal member of a truss a device that clamps things tightly together or that gives support, in particular a small rectangular block typically made of fired or sun-dried clay, used in building the first rough coat of plaster applied as a base coat over lath or masonry 1 of 15 17 Butted (Butt Joint) Tumbok 18 Cabinet Hinge Espolon 19 Canopy Pabilyon 20 Carpenter Karpintero 21 Cast Iron Pondido Hiero 22 Ceiling Kisame 23 Ceiling Joist Kostilyahe 24 Cement Semento 25 26 Chain Bolt CHB Laying Baral de Kadena Asinta 27 Clinch Mag-Rematse 28 Collar Sinturon 29 Collar Beam Ternate 30 Column Poste/Haligue 31 Concrete Slab Larga Masa 32 Conductor Alulod 33 Conduit Padaluyan (of wood, metal, etc.) a joint formed by two surfaces abutting at right angles mechanical bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle of rotation between them an ornamental cloth covering hung or held up over something, especially a throne or bed a person who makes and repairs wooden objects and structures a hard, relatively brittle alloy of iron and carbon that can be readily cast in a mold and contains a higher proportion of carbon than steel the upper interior surface of a room or other similar compartment one of the horizontal supporting members that run between foundations, walls, or beams to support a ceiling a powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay. It is mixed with water to form mortar or mixed with sand, gravel, and water to make concrete. a bolt with a chain attached for drawing it out To secure a nail in place by bending the protruding point at a right angle. A horizontal tie connecting pairs of opposite rafters near the ridge of the roof. horizontal member between two rafters and is very common in domestic roof construction an upright pillar, typically cylindrical and made of stone or concrete, supporting an entablature, arch, or other structure or standing alone as a monument. Horizontal slabs of steel reinforcedconcrete, typically between 4 and 20 inches (100 and 500 millimeters) thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner slabs are also used for exterior paving. a shallow trough fixed beneath the edge of a roof for carrying off rainwater a tube or trough for protecting electric wiring. 2 of 15 34 Contractor Kontratista 35 Corner 36 Corrugated G.I. Sheet Kanto Yero Canalado Galbanisado 37 Cross Bracing Krusete 38 Crushed Stone Escombro 39 Dado Joint Kanal 40 Design Debuho 41 Dish Rack Bangguera 42 Door Pintuan 43 Door Case Hambahe 44 Door fillet Batidura 45 46 Door Frame Door Head Marko ng Pinto Trabesanyo/Sombrero 47 Door Jamb Hamba 48 Door Panelled de Bandeha 49 Door Sill Umbral 50 Dowel Abang 51 Downspout Tubo de Bandeha 52 Drip Mould Gwardya Agua 53 Earth Fill Escombro a person or company that undertakes a contract to provide materials or labor to perform a service or do a job. a place or angle where two or more sides or edges meet. building material composed of sheets of hot-dip galvanisedmild steel, coldrolled to produce a linear corrugated pattern in them system utilized to reinforce building structures in which diagonal supports intersect angular rock is a form of construction aggregate, typically produced by mining a suitable rock deposit and breaking the removed rock down to the desired size using crushers is a slot or trench cut into the surface of a piece of machinable material, usually wood a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is built or made. rack for holding dishes as dishwater drains off of them a hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the framework of a cupboard the frame in a doorway into which a door is fitted A strip nailed to a wall or partition to support a shelf, or a strip for a door to close against. A strip set into an angle between two boards the frame in a doorway into which a door is fitted The horizontal upper member of a door frame each of the two upright parts of a doorframe, on one of which the door is hung. is a woodworking technique often used in the making of doors, wainscoting, and other decorative features for cabinets, furniture, and homes the sill or threshold of a doorway. a peg of wood, metal, or plastic without a distinct head, used for holding together components of a structure a pipe to carry rainwater from a roof to a drain or to ground level projection from a cornice or sill designed to protect the area below from rainwater An embankment of compacted earth 3 of 15 54 Easement Rekudo 55 56 Eave Elecrtician Sibe Elektrisyan 57 Engineer Inhinyero 58 Exterior Siding Tabike 59 Façade Patsade 60 Fascia Senepa 61 Faucet Gripo 62 Feet Piye 63 Fill Tambak 64 65 66 67 Filler Finish Coat Floor Floor Boards Tapal Dagdag Palitada Sahig Dotal 68 Floor joists Soleras 69 Floor Sill Guililan 70 71 72 73 74 Flooring Flush Force Foreman Foundation Suelo/Patos Alahado Puersa Kapatas Pundasyon a right to cross or otherwise use someone else's land for a specified purpose the part of a roof that meets or overhangs the walls of a building. a person who installs and maintains electrical equipment a person who designs, builds, or maintains engines, machines, or public works. material applied to the walls of a house or other building meant to shed water, protect the walls from the effects of weather, insulate, and is a key in the aesthetics of the structure. the face of a building, especially the principal front that looks onto a street or open space. a wooden board or other flat piece of material such as that covering the ends of rafters. a device by which a flow of liquid or gas from a pipe or container can be controlled; a tap. is a unit of length in the imperial and US customary systems of measurement put someone or something into (a space or container) so that it is completely or almost completely full. a thing put in a space or container to fill it. he final usually white coat of plastering applied to walls and ceilings the lower surface of a room, on which one may walk. any of the boards composing a floor. one of the horizontal supporting members that run between foundations, walls, or beams to support the floor A large timber laid flat on the ground or in a level, shallow ditch, to which a re fastened the drillplatform boards orplanking, or which is used as the base for a full timber s et. the boards or other material of which a floor is made. To align two items so that they fit evenly strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement. a worker, especially a man, who supervises and directs other workers. the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level. 4 of 15 a rigid structure that surrounds or encloses something such as a door or window. an essential supporting structure of a building, vehicle, or object. See Galvanized Iron a roof with two sloping sides and a gable at each end. a large iron or steel beam or compound structure used for building bridges and the framework of large buildings. a girt is a horizontal structural member in a framed wall. a loose aggregation of small water-worn or pounded stones. a long, narrow cut or depression, especially one made to guide motion or receive a corresponding ridge the solid surface of the earth. a shallow trough fixed beneath the edge of a roof for carrying off rainwater. formed by cutting a whole circle along a diameter line an area in a building onto which rooms open; a corridor. a rail fixed to posts or a wall for people to hold on to for support. The top of almost anything a movable joint or mechanism on which a door, gate, or lid swings as it opens and closes, or that connects linked objects. a unit of linear measure equal to one twelfth of a foot (2.54 cm). one of the shorter rafters used in a hip or valley roof a side post or surface of a doorway, window, or fireplace. dry (a material such as wood or sand) in a kiln. an upright post in the center of a roof truss, extending from the tie beam to the apex of the truss. a person doing unskilled manual work for wages. an instance of coming or bringing something to land, either from the air or from water. 75 Frame Balangkas 76 77 78 Framework G.I. Strap Gable Roof Balangkas Lingueta Dos Aguas 79 Girder Guililan 80 81 Girt Gravel Sepo, Barote Graba 82 Groove Canal 83 Ground Sular 84 Gutter Alulod 85 86 87 88 Half Circle Hall Handrail Head Medya Luna Caida Gabay Sombrero 89 Hinge Bisagra 90 91 92 93 Inch Jack Rafter Jamb Kiln Dried Pulagada Sobre Kilo Hamba Tuyong Kahoy 94 King Post Pendulum 95 Laborer Piyon 96 Landing Mesa 97 Lath, wood strip Listong Kahoy / Liston a thin flat strip of wood, especially one of a series forming a foundation for the plaster of a wall or the tiles of a roof, or made into a trellis or fence. 98 Lathing Pagliliston see lath 5 of 15 a structure consisting of strips of wood or metal crossed and fastened together with square or diamond-shaped spaces left between, used typically as a screen or fence or as a support for climbing plants. a room or compartment with a toilet and washbasin; a bathroom. rafters lean against another building or wall a room in a house for general and informal everyday use which is designed to be placed in front of (or next to) a sofa or upholstered chairs to support beverages a builder and worker in stone. Insulation material used to fill the voids in masonry units. the fundamental unit of length in the metric system, equal to 100 centimeters or approximately 39.37 inches. a low story between two others in a building, typically between the ground and first floors. a tall headdress worn by bishops and senior abbots as a symbol of office, tapering to a point at front and back with a deep cleft between combine or put together to form one substance or mass 99 Lattice Sala-sala 100 101 102 Lavatory Lean-to Roof Living Room Lavabo / lababo Sibe Sala 103 Low Table Dulang 104 105 Mason Masonry Fill Kantero Lastilyas 106 Meter Metro 107 Mezzanine Entresuelo 108 Miter Joint Kanto Mesa 109 Mix Halo 110 Mortar Paupo workable paste used to bind building blocks such as stones, bricks, and concrete masonry units together, fill and seal the irregular gaps between them, and sometimes add decorative colors or patterns in masonry walls. 111 Mortar Joints Kostura are the spaces between bricks, concrete blocks, or glass blocks, that are filled with mortar orgrout. 112 Moulding (quarter round) Media cana form (an object with a particular shape) out of easily manipulated material. 113 Nailers Pamakuan 114 Newel Post Tukod 115 Nikolite Bar Estanyo 116 Nut Truerka 117 Oakum Estopa 118 On Center Both Ways Gitna a person or thing that drives nails, as a machine that drives nails automatically the central supporting pillar of a spiral or winding staircase. a straight piece (as of wood or metal) that is longer than it is wide and has any of various uses (as for a lever, support, barrier, or fastening) A short metal block with a threaded hole in the center for receiving a bolt or threaded rod. loose fiber obtained by untwisting old rope, used especially in caulking wooden ships. On Center span (not the same as clear span) 6 of 15 119 Open/Stone Porch Azotea 120 Paint Pintura 121 Painter Pintor 122 Parapet Kuta, Muralya 123 Pattern Platilya, Padron 124 Pavement Pabimento 125 126 Pickwork Pig Lead Piketa Tingga/Estopa 127 Pile Pilote 128 Pillow Rack Almario 129 Pipe Tubo 130 Plain G.I. Sheet Hiero Liso Galbanasido 131 Plank Board Senepa 132 Plaster Palitada 133 Plaster Line Course Kusturada 134 Plaster of Paris Eskayola 135 Plate Sepo 136 Plug Tapon a flat roof or platform on the top of a house or other building. a colored substance that is spread over a surface and dries to leave a thin decorative or protective coating One who paints, either as an artist or worker. A low protective wall or railing along the edge of a raised structure such as a roof or balcony. Usually repeating artistic or decorative design A hard smooth surface, especially of a public area or thoroughfare, that will bear travel. Crude lead cast in blocks. in building construction, a postlike foundation member used from prehistoric times. In modern civil engineering, piles of timber, steel, or concrete are driven into the ground to support a structure; bridge Piers may be supported on groups of large-diameter piles. A hollow cylinder or tube used to conduct a liquid, gas, or finely divided solid. Galvanised iron or steel, a building material composed of sheets of hot-dip galvanised mild steel, cold-rolled to produce a linear corrugated pattern in them. Timber that is flat, elongated, and rectangular with parallel faces that are higher and longer than wide. A composition, as of lime or gypsum, sand, water, and sometimes hair or other fiber, applied in a pasty form to walls, ceilings, etc., and allowed to harden and dry. A white powder that forms a paste when it is mixed with water and then hardens into a solid, used in making casts, molds, and sculpture. A member on top of a stud wall on which joists rest to support an additional floor or to form a ceiling. An object, such as a cork or a wad of cloth, used to fill a hole tightly; a stopper. 7 of 15 137 Plumb Bob Hulog 138 Plumb Line Hulog 139 Plumber Tubero 140 Plumbing Tuberya 141 Post Poste 142 Projection Bolado 143 Purlins Reostra 144 Putty Masilya 145 Quarter round Media cana 146 Queen Post Sobre Pindulo 147 Rabbet Vaciada, Basyada 148 149 Ramp Rebar Sumyinta Kabilya 150 Ridge Palupo 151 Ridge Roll Caballete 152 Riser Takipsilipan 153 Rivet Rimatse 154 Roof Bubong A usually conical metal weight attached to the end of a plumb line. Also called plummet. A string with a metal weight at one end that, when suspended, points directly towards the earth's centre of gravity and so is used to determine verticality, the depth of water, etc. One that installs and repairs pipes and plumbing. The pipes, fixtures, and other apparatus of a water, gas, or sewage system in a building. A long piece of wood or other material set upright into the ground to serve as a marker or support. A thing or part that extends outward beyond a prevailing line or surface. A horizontal beam that provides intermediate support for the common rafters of a roof construction. A doughlike cement made by mixing whiting and linseed oil, used to fill holes in woodwork and secure panes of glass. A convex molding having a cross section in the form of a quarter of a circle or of an ellipse. One of two upright supporting posts set vertically between the rafters and the tie beam at equal distances from the apex of a roof. A cut or groove along or near the edge of a piece of wood that allows another piece to fit into it to form a joint. An inclined surface or roadway connecting different levels. A rod or bar used for reinforcement in concrete or asphalt pourings. A horizontal line of intersection at the tp between two sloping planes of a roof. A metal, tile, or wood strip rounded at the top and used as finishing for the ridge of a roof. A vertical member between two stair treads./ A vertical pipe extending one or more floors. A metal cylinder or rod with a head at one end that is inserted through holes in the materials to be fastened. The protruding end is flattened to tie the two pieces together. The outer cover and its supporting structures on the top of a building. 8 of 15 155 Rubble Eskombro, tigkal-tigkal 156 Sand Buhangin 157 Sand and Gravel Mixture Lastillas 158 Scaffolding Andanyo, Andamyo 159 Scratch Coat Rebokada 160 Screw Turnilyo 161 Septic Tank Poso Negro 162 Shape Korte 163 Sheet Plantsa 164 Shower Dutcha 165 Siding Tabike 166 Sill Guililan 167 Sink Prigadero 168 169 170 Sketch Skirt Slab Krokis Senepa Kustado Loose material consisting of rock or mineral grains, esp. rounded grains of quartz, between 0.2 and 2 mm in diameter. Loose material consisting of rock or mineral grains, esp. rounded grains of quartz, between 0.2 and 2 mm in diameter Loose material consisting of rock or mineral grains, esp. rounded grains of quartz, between 0.2 and 2 mm in diameter. Any temporary, elevated platform and its supporting structure used for supporting workmen and/or materials. The first coat of plaster or stucco applied to a surface in three-coat work and usually cross-raked or scratched to form a mechanical key with the brown coat. A device used for fastening materials together, consisting of a threaded and usually tapered shank that has a slotted head by which it may be rotated so as to cut its own thread as it bores through the material A watertight receptacle that receives the discharge from a sewage system, or part thereof. They are constructed to separate solids from the liquid, digesting organic matter during a period of detention, and discharging the clarified liquids. The outward form of an object defined by outline A thin piece of material, such as glass, veneer, plywood, or rolled metal. See also panel. The compartment and plumbing provided for bathing by overhead spray. The exterior material applied to the walls of a house or other building meant to shed water, protect the walls from the effects of weather, insulate, and is a key in the aesthetics of the structure. The bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. A plumbing fixture equipped to enable medical personnel to scrub their hands prior to a surgical procedure. A rapidly executed freehand drawing. The border or section of molding under a window stool. Common structural element of modern buildings. 9 of 15 171 Slope Bahada 172 Soffit sepeto, intrados 173 Solder hinang 174 Spacing beinto 175 Stairs Hagdan 176 Stake staka 177 Steel Asero 178 Stirrup Anilyo 179 Stringer Sepo, Tahilan 180 Stringer (Close) Madre de Escalera 181 Stringer (Open) Hardinera 182 Stud Pamakuan 183 Stud (Horizontal) Trabe Anzo, pabalagbag 184 Stud (Vertical) Pilarete 185 Thread roskas 186 Tie Bars Anilyo 187 Tile Baldosa 188 Tinsmith Latero The grade of a physical feature, landform or constructed line refers to the tangent of the angle of that surface to the horizontal. The underside of any construction element. A solder used to join metals in welding and brazing applications. It is typically a mixture of tin and lead, although soft solder of pure lead is used in some industries to join copper. The distance between parallel reinforcing bars, measured center to center. A construction designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances. A pointed stick or post that is pushed into the ground especially to mark a place or to support something Used as a construction material for making structural steel shapes. A reinforcement used to resist shear and diagonal tension stresses in a concrete structural member. A timber or other support for cross members in floors or ceilings. In stairs, the supporting member for stair treads. A stairway with covered strings on both sides so that the ends of the treads and risers are not visible. Member in a building's wall of smaller cross section than a post. They are a fundamental element in building framing. A vertical framing member in a building's wall of smaller cross section than a post. They are a fundamental element in building framing. Inner surface of a pipe or fitting that accepts the outside threads of another pipe or fitting. Bar at right angles to, and tied to, minimum reinforcement to keep it in place. A thin rectangular unit used as a finish for walls, floors or roofs, such as ceramic tile, structural clay tile, asphalt tile, cork tile, resilient tile, and roofing tile. Sometimes known as a whitesmith, tinner, tinker, tinman, or tinplate worker is a person who makes and repairs things made of tinware, or other light metals. 10 of 15 189 Tool Joint Kostura A coupling element for a drill pipe; designed to support the weight of the drill stem and the strain of frequent use, and to provide a leakproof seal. 190 Top Chord Kilo An inclined or horizontal member that establishes the upper edge of a truss. This member is subjected to compressive and bending stresses. 191 Transom Espeho A glazed or solid panel over a door or window, usually hinged and used for ventilation. 192 Tread Baytang per Dano / Baytang The horizontal part of a step or stair. 193 Trellis Pergola An architectural structure, usually made from an open framework or lattice of interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is normally made to support and display climbing plants, especially shrubs. 194 Truss Kilo 195 Varnish Barnis 196 Wainscoting Entablemento / arimadilyo 197 Wainscoting Tiles asolehos 198 Wall Pader 199 Washer Pitsa / Tsapa 200 Water Closet Inodoro 201 Weatherstrip Baryete 202 Weight Bigat A structure that consists of two-force members only, where the members are organized so that the assemblage as a whole behaves as a single object. A transparent, hard, protective finish or film that is primarily used in wood finishing but also for other materials. A millwork wall covering constructed from rigid or semi-rigid components. These are traditionally interlocking wood, but could be plastic or other materials. A facing or paneling, usually of wood, applied to the walls of a room. The lower part of an interior wall when finished in a material different from that of the upper part. A partition wall is a wall that separates rooms, or divides a room. A thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener, such as a screw or nut. A plumbing fixture used to receive human wastes and flush them to a waste pipe. A narrow strip of metal, wood, rubber, or the like placed between a door or window sash and its frame to exclude rain, wind, etc. A body's relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by it, giving rise to a downward force; the heaviness of a person or thing. 11 of 15 203 Window Bintana 204 Window Grille Rehas 205 206 Window Sill Wire Pasamano Alambre 207 Wiring Knob Poleya / Hapit 208 Wood Grain Haspe 209 Wood Plank Table 210 Wooden Bench Bangko 211 Wrought Iron Strap Plantsuela 212 Yoke Sinturon, Pamatok An opening in a wall, door, roof or vehicle that allows the passage of light and, if not closed or sealed, air and sound. A strip of wood or metal separating and holding panes of glass in a window. The surface at the bottom of a window. A single, usually cylindrical, flexible strand or rod of metal. Open electric-wiring work in which the wires are supported on knobs or cleats and encased in tubes where they pass through beams or partitions. Texture produced by the fibers in wood A timber that is flat, elongated, and rectangular with parallel faces that are higher and longer than wide A long seat on which several people may sit at the same time. A form of iron, almost entirely free of carbon (less than 0.08%) and having a fibrous structure including a uniformly distributed slag content, that is readily forged and welded. A triangular metal piece used to connect the main brake cable with the stirrup cable in a centerpull brake system. Also known as a saddle or pick-up. 12 of 15
