Primary Survey - <C>ABCDE
Catastrophic Haemorrhage Control
Airway (and cervical spine control where appropriate)
Breathing and Ventilation (with oxygen where available)
Circulation and Haemorrhage Control
Disability or Neurological Deficit
Extremity / Environment / Exposure
CATASTROPHIC HAEMORRHAGE
HEAD, NECK, TORSO
LIMB(S)
C-A-T
FIELD DRESSING
&
PRESSURE
FAILS OR
INAPPROPRIATE
BLEEDING
CONTROLLED
BLEEDING
CONTROL
NO
TOPICAL
HAEMOSTAT
YES
COVER WOUND
WITH DRESSING
HIGH PRESSURE
BLEEDING WITH
IDENTIFIABLE
SOURCE
HEMCON
LOW PRESSURE
BLEEDING
WITHOUT
SPECIFIC SOURCE
IF UNSUCCESFUL
CONSIDER
ALTERNATIVE
QUIKCLOT
FIELD DRESSINGS & DIRECT PRESSURE
SECURE
DRESSING
CONTINUE <C>ABC DRILLS & EVACUATE.
INDICATE TIME ON CASUALTY
THAT A TOURNIQUET WAS APPLIED.
MARK ‘T’ ON
CASUALTY
RESPONSIVENESS
NO
YES
BASIC MANEUVRES
BREATHING
NOT BREATHING
ADEQUATE
INADEQUATE
ONE
CASUALTY
MORE
CASUALTIES
B
A
PULSE
DEAD
YES
NO
ABC
CPR
A AIRWAY
OPEN MOUTH
REMOVE FBO
SUCTION FLUIDS
OPA, NPA
COMBITUBE
LMA
ETI
SURGICAL AIRWAY
+O2
C-SPINE CONTROL, WHERE APPROPRIATE
• CERVICAL PENETRATING TRAUMA – NO
• BLUNT CERVICAL TRAUMA – YES
B
B BREATHING
NECK & CHEST ASSESSMENT
LOOK
PALPATION
PERCUSSION
AUSCULTATION
T
W
E
L
V
E
TRACHEA
WOUNDS
EMPHYSEMA
LARYNGEAL INJURY
VEINS
EVERYTIME
A
T
O
M
F
B
C
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX
OPEN PNEUMOTHORAX
MASSIVE HAEMOTHORAX
FLAIL CHEST
BLAST LUNG
CARDIAC TAMPONADE
ROLE 1 - <C>ABC, NEEDLE DECOMPRESION, ASHERMAN CHEST SEAL
ROLE 2 - <C>ABC, CXR, FAST, NEEDLE DECOMPRESION, ASHERMAN CHEST
SEAL, CHEST TUBE, RSI AND VENTILATION (ROLE 2+)
C
SHOCK
CIRCULATION
YES
CATASTROPHIC HAEMORRHAGE CONTROL
(IMPROVEMENTS)
PULS
A. RADIALIS
YES
NO
MAINTAIN
FLUID
THERAPY
RESUSCITATION
FLUID
THERAPY
NO
D
DISABILITY – AVPU, GCS, PUPILS
E
EXPOSURE, ENVIRONMENT, EXTREMITIES
MONITOR
VITAL
SIGNS