ICPSR 20320
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
[GEM]: Adult Population Survey
Data Set, 1998-2012
Paul Davidson Reynolds
Florida International University. Entrepreneurial
Research Institute
Diana Hechavarria
Florida International University. Entrepreneurial
Research Institute
Codebook
Inter-university Consortium for
Political and Social Research
P.O. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
www.icpsr.umich.edu
Terms of Use
The terms of use for this study can be found at:
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/20320/terms
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ICPSR PROCESSING NOTES FOR #20320
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM]: Adult Population Survey Data Set, 1998-2012
1. Confidentiality/Disclosure Risk: In order to protect respondent anonymity and prevent
disclosure risk, ICPSR has recoded the variable GEMAGE to mask the age of respondents 12
and younger.
2. Excluded Variable: Due to formatting issues caused by limitations in the various statistical
packages, the variables BAFUND, SETID_NE, SUMONTOT, and SUMONOWN have been
removed from the ICPSR produced data files. These variables are present in the original
deposited data file, which is provided in a zipped package.
3. Documentation Discrepancies:
a. The variable OMNOWJOB in the data appears as OMNOWNOB in the Original P.I.
Documentation.
b. The variable SUWAGE has value labels and ranges in the data that do not match those
in the Original P.I. Documentation. No additional information was provided.
4. Stata Limitations: Due to Stata limitations, the variable CTRYALP does not contain value labels
for non-integer values within the Stata files.
5. Additional Information: For more information on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, please
visit the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Web site.
ICPSR 20320
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM]: Adult Population
Survey Data Set, 1998-2012
Original P.I. Documentation
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Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM]
Adult Population Survey Data Sets: 1998-2012
Codebook and Data Set Description
26 September 2016
[Version 1]
Paul Davidson Reynolds
[pauldavidsonreynolds@gmail.com]
[ICPSR 20320]
NOTE: The previous edition of this data set, dated 22 September 2014, for
years 1998-2010, included an incorrect computation of variable TEA-MOT:
TEA/Early Stage Index motivation. It has been corrected in this version.
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Abstract
The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM] research program was
developed to provide comparisons among countries related to participation of
adults in the firm creation process. The initial data was assembled as a
pretest of five countries in 1998 and by 2012 over 100 countries had been
involved in the program. The initial design for the GEM initiative was based on
the first US Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics. The GEM protocol,
however, evolved to capture a wider range of individual participation in
business ownership and management. By 2012 data from 1,827,513
individuals had been gathered in 563 national samples and 6 specialized
regional samples. Most of the data from 1999 to 2012 are publically available
but not standardized across the annual surveys. This document represents a
harmonization of the core items from all surveys, from 1998 to 2012, in one
consolidated data file. The procedure has been to harmonize the basic items
across all surveys in all years, followed by implementing a standardized
transform to identify those active as nascent entrepreneurs in the start-up
process, as owner-managers of new firms, or as owner-managers of
established firms. Those identified as nascent entrepreneurs or new business
owners are the basis for the Total Entrepreneurial Activity [TEA] or Total
Early-Stage Index. This harmonized, consolidated assessment not only
facilitates comparisons across countries, but provides a basis for temporal
comparisons for individual countries. As the case identification numbers are
included in the file, other data gathered in the annual surveys may be
attached to these records. Weights are provided for all cases, along with
frequency distributions, by year, for all variables. All interview schedules in the
original English versions are provided for reference.
This codebook, providing an overview of data collection and the consolidation
process, is designed to facilitate analysis of this multi-year data set. Additional
information about the procedures followed in the data collection is available
at:
Reynolds, Paul, Niels Bosma, Erkko Autio, Steve Hunt, Natalie De Bono,
Isabel Servais, Paloma Lopez-Garcia, and Nancy Chin. (2005) Global
Entrepreneurship Monitor: Data Collection Design and Implementation:
1998-2003. Small Business Economics: 24: 205-231.
And the project website: ‘www.gemconsortium.org.’
NOTE: This represent a major update and revision of the GEM consolidated
data sets for 1998-2003, ICPSR Project 20320, later updated for the
years 1998-2010. The initial version was prepared with co-author
Diana Hechavarria at Florida International University. Oksana Doughty
of Aston University was a major contributor to the development of the
presentations of the frequency distributions in Appendix C.
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Abstract
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Project Description
Data Collection Overview
Sampling and weights
Issues in Multi-year Consolidation
Development of Created or Transformed Variables
Data Set: Format and Access
Considerations in Analysis: When to be Cautious
References
Appendices:
A)
Country Sample Sizes by Year
B)
Variable List
C)
Frequencies distributions
1) Example of presentation format
2) GEM Procedural Variables
3) GEM Demographic Variables
4) Screening Procedure Items
5) Start-up Module Items
6) Owner-Manager Module Items
7) Informal Investor Module Items
8) Transformed, Created Variables
D)
Syntax File for Producing Transformed and Created Variables
E)
United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification [ISIC],
V.3.1, 1990 Listing: Revision
F)
United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification [ISIC],
V4.0, 2008 Listing: Revision
G)
GEM APS Interview Schedules: 1998-2012
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Introduction
The process of business creation is one of the most widespread, poorly
understood and critical features of market economies. Procedures to develop
an accurate, reliable description of the business creation process were first
developed in 1992 in Wisconsin [Reynolds and White, 1977] and refined
through several longitudinal or panel studies. The benefits of cross national
comparisons led to the development of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
[GEM] project, which was initiated in 1998. This program expanded from 5
countries in the initial pilot study to 100 countries by 2012. The major focus
was to develop measures of the prevalence of business creation harmonized
across countries, countries with different languages, cultures as well as
political, economic, and institutions structures. As with any resource
constrained effort dealing with complex phenomena, the early years of the
program were notable for constant adjustments to improve the data collection
and processing procedures. The basic items and procedures changed very
little after 2003.
There have been, however, substantial changes in the administration
of the project and considerable turnover of staff responsible for the annual
data collection since 1998. While there has been an effort to place the results
of the annual data collection in the public domain, these annual assessment
have focused on ensuring reliable comparisons among countries for each
yearly cycle of data collection. There has been less emphasis on harmonizing
measures for longitudinal comparisons.
One approach to the challenge of providing harmonized measures
across countries and years is represented in this data set. Focusing on only
the interview items critical for identifying those survey respondents active in
the business creation process, these items were harmonized across the entire
consolidated data set, covering all years and all countries. Once this was
completed, the transforms to identify those active in business creation or firm
management, and their stage in the firm life course, were applied to the
consolidated data set. The final data set can be reorganized in terms of the
specific countries and years represented by the individual cases. This
facilitates annual estimates of prevalence of participation in business creation
standardized across year and countries. The outcome suggests that year to
year consistency for individual countries is substantial, such that dramatic
year-to-year changes are most likely to reflect artifacts of the data collection
procedures, not changes in participation in business creation [Reynolds,
2014].
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Project Description
The original objectives of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM]
research program were to develop harmonized estimates of the prevalence of
business creation [as a primary indicator of entrepreneurship]. Such
measures would provide for systematic comparisons of the national level of
entrepreneurial activity. Achieving this research objective was considered
critical for other objectives, such as exploring the relationship of
entrepreneurial activity with national economic growth, understanding the
factors associated with different levels of entrepreneurial activity, and
exploring those policies and programs that may enhance the national level of
entrepreneurial activity. The results of this effort are reflected in annual
assessments initiated in 1998 with a growing list of participating national
teams, reaching 100 by 2012. 1 The countries involved and samples sizes for
each year are provided in Appendix A.
Originally implemented as a joint effort between entrepreneurial
scholars at Babson College and the London Business School, the expertise
and resources required to achieve the project objectives lead to a
collaborative effort involving dozens of national teams and hundreds of
scholars. Each national team is responsible for locating funding and providing
research expertise to facilitate development of data sets and analysis related
to their country. Four types of data are assembled, 1) adult population survey
interviews were assembled from harmonized national surveys completed by
commercial survey firms, 2) personal judgments of national experts were
gathered in face-to-face interviews by national team members, 3)
standardized responses to harmonized questionnaires were also provided by
the national experts, and 4) standardized national data from international
research and data aggregation organizations (e.g. World Bank, United
Nations, International Monetary Fund) are assembled for use in the analysis.
This document focuses on the procedures and results of adult
population survey data collection in the first 15 years, 1998-2012. During the
first five years, 1998-2003, the coordination team had primary responsibility
for developing the interview schedules—subject to consultation with and
approval by the national teams; locating and entering into contracts with all
national survey vendors; receiving and checking all data developed from the
adult populations surveys; creating harmonized consolidate data sets; and
distributing the consolidated data sets to the national teams for use in
preparing national reports. The original interview schedules were developed in
English and then translated into the appropriate languages by the various
survey research firms; these translated versions were then reviewed and
approved by the GEM national teams before data collection began.
After 2003, the coordination team retained responsibility for creating
the annual survey instrument, but each national team accepted responsibility
for sub-contracting the national surveys to a local survey firm. This
1
The GEM consortium has agreed that public release of all data is acceptable three years
after the surveys are completed, in September 2016 this included data from 1998 to 2012.
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arrangement reduced the potential for standardized supervision of national
surveys.
Each national team was responsible for locating funding to support the
survey data collection and much of the support was from public sources, such
as government agencies, programs or foundations. Many national teams
raised financial support from multiple sponsors and the number of sponsors
over the initial 15 years has been in the hundreds. Sponsors associated with
each annual cycle are listed in each annual global report provided on the
GEM project website.
The consortium agreement specified that detailed national data would
be available for the respective national teams for one year after data
collection, all detailed data to all national teams for two additional years; and
to be made publicly available after three years after. The interview schedules
and annual data files from 1999 onward are available on the project website
[www.gemconsortium.org]. With two exceptions, the source of all data in this
resource is the GEM project website. 2
Data Collection Overview
The objective of the adult population surveys was to develop estimates
of the prevalence of business creation activity among the adults in the general
population. The initial protocol was developed as part of a longitudinal
research design, where the individuals active in business creation were to be
contacted at periodic intervals to determine the progress toward
implementation of an operational new firm (Reynolds, 2000; Gartner, Shaver,
Carter and Reynolds, 2004; Reynolds and Curtin 2009, 2010). This was
modified for the GEM initiative to reduce costs. The initial pilot study,
completed in 1998, utilized only ten “yes” or “no” questions. This was
elaborated in 1999 by adding some additional questions for those considered
to be active in the business creation process, nascent entrepreneurs.
Additional modules were added in 2000 for those considered to be business
owners and informal investors. Both the screening items and special modules
were modified and enhanced from 2001 and later interviews. Since 2002
there has been little change in the core items, but the availability of an
ongoing survey operation has led to the introduction of a number of special
topics, some for a single year and others for multiple years.
An overview of the procedure for 2003 is provided in Figure 1. As can
be seen, there are four components. The screening items, asked of all adult
population respondents, represented in the boxes to the left. Based on
responses to the screening items, those considered candidates for nascent
entrepreneur status then received the items in the second module, those
considered candidates for business owner-manager status (new and
established firms) received the items in the third module, and those reporting
they have made informal investments in new firms received the fourth module.
2
The first exception is the data for 1998, taken from the author’s personal files. The second
relates the U.K. data for 2010, 2011, and 2012. The GEM public data file includes only the
first 2,000 or 3,000 cases; all the UK cases, over 10,000 per year, are included in this data set.
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Most respondents, up to 95%, did not quality for any module (nascent, new
firm, or informal investor). Information from these individuals about basic
socio-demographic features and responses to all basic screening items is
included in the data sets.
1.a) Independent start-up?
1.b) Buss sponsored start-up?
1.c) Buss owner/manager?
1.d) Informal investor?
Other items:
1.e) Expect to start a new
business in next 3 years?
1.f) Shut down a business
in the past year?
Random set A:
1.g) Know someone who
started a business in
past year?
1.h) Next 6 months there
will be good opportunities?
1.i) Skill to do start-up?
1.j) Fear of failure?
Random set B:
1.k) People want similar
standard of living?
1.l) New business desirable
career choice?
1.m) Successful with new business
have status and respect?
1.n) Public media stories about
Successful new businesses?
Figure 1
INFORMAL
INVESTORS
4a) How much?
4b) What kind
of business?
4c) Relationship
to investee?
[2003_APS_Interview.ppt]
NEW FIRMS
3.a) Own?
3.b) Number owners?
3.c) First year wages?
3.d) Kind of
business?
3.d.1) Customers
know product?
3.d.2) Much
competition?
3.d.3) Technology
less than a year old?
3.d.4) Export sales?
3.d.5) Distance to
Customers?
3.e) Jobs now?
3.f) Jobs in 5 years?
3.g) Why do it?
NASCENTS [Start-Ups]
2.a) Active?
2.b) Own?
2.c) Number owners?
2.d) Any wages paid?
2.d1) First year wages?
2.e) Kind of business?
2.e1) Customers
know product?
2.e2) Much competition?
2.e3) Technology less
than a year old?
2.e4) Export sales?
2.e.5) Distance to customers?
2.f.1) Jobs now?
2.f.2) Jobs in 5 years?
2.g) Why do it?
2.h1) Money required?
2.h2) How much you
Invest?
2.h.3) Sources of funding?
Structure of GEM 2003 Adult
Population Interview Schedule
Structure of GEM Adult Population Interview Schedule
In terms of resource allocation, the most expensive part of the interview
was the screening items asked of all respondents. Only a minority are asked
details about start-up ventures, operating businesses, or informal investments.
Efforts to contain costs led to a decision to restrict the number of screening
items to ten. After 2002 there was an interest in including a total of fourteen
items in the screening module. To minimize costs a special procedure was
used. Any respondent that qualified for any special topic module was asked
all 14 items. All those that did not qualify for any special topic module were
asked the first six and randomly selected to receive one of two sets of four
additional items, identified as A or B in Figure 1.
One of the purposes of the screening items was to characterize the
adult populations represented by the sample in terms of their judgments about
entrepreneurship in their country. To provide an unbiased characterization of
the population estimates on the screening items, a special analysis is required.
If a sub sample composed of those that were not eligible for a special topic
module is combined with a randomly selected half of those that did complete
a special topic module (those that received all 14 screening items) and case
weights appropriately adjusted the result would be a sub-sample
representative of the adult population. This will ensure that those active in
business initiatives as nascent entrepreneurs, owner-managers, or informal
investors were not overrepresented in portrayals of the total population of
adults.
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Sampling and Weights
Selection of countries to be involved reflected the professional
networks of the coordination team and the ability of the national teams to
develop financial support to cover the costs of data collection. While the
sample of countries cannot be considered a random selection of any known
population of nations, countries representing most regions of the world and
most stages of economic development are represented. Global coverage
improved after 2010 as more developing countries (particularly in Sub-Sahara
Africa) were included in the program.
Developing representative samples of adults was a two stage process.
The first step involved a random selection of households leading to a contact
with an adult resident. In countries where a high proportion of households
have land line telephones, this was done by creating a random set of numbers
considered to be household phone numbers. In countries with a high
proportion of cell-phone only adults, this has been supplemented with random
samples of active cell phone numbers. Numbers were then called, generally
up to three times, until an adult respondent answered the phone. In countries
with low proportion of households with phones, geographic areas were
selected at random for personal contacts by interviewers, who then
approached households for a face-to-face interview. In some developing
countries phone interviews are conducted in the major urban areas
supplemented with face-to-face interviews in rural regions.
Adults from each household were selected for interviews in one of two
ways. In some cases it was the first adult contacted and in others a person
would be randomly selected from those adults living in the household for the
interview. In many developed countries there was a deliberate attempt, quota
sampling, to complete half of all interviews with men and half with women. In
most cases the women’s quota was filled before the men.
As response rates at the household and individual level varied widely,
all survey operations used post-stratification weighting procedures to develop
case weights. This involved comparing the nature of the survey sample with
the most recent reliable national statistics on the characteristics of the adult
population (such as gender, age, household income, region, etc.). Case
weights were then assigned to the sample population so the characteristics of
the sample would match the national population on these characteristics.
For the first three years, 1998, 1999 and 2000,WEIGHT_L and
WEIGHT_A were based solely on the survey firm values of WEIGHT. After
2000 weights across all national samples were adjusted to match a standard
source of current population age and gender characteristics. 3 This increased
3
United States Census Bureau. International Data Base (IDB).
‘http://www.census.gov/ population/international/data/idb/’.
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confidence that the representativeness of the samples had been harmonized
for all countries.
In the current data set, three types of weights are included:
WEIGHT
Original weights provided by the survey research vendor, recentered (adjusted) such that the average value for the sample
for each year equals 1.000. (The sum of the weights equals the
sum of the cases).
WEIGHT_L Original weights adjusted so they are only available for those
18-64 years of age, an estimate of the age at which individuals
are assumed to be active in the labor force and the only age
range include in all national samples by survey venders. These
weights were re-centered for each country for each year.
WEIGHT_A Original weights adjusted so they are only available for those 18
years of age and older, considered an appropriate range for
assessments involving informal investors, many of whom are
older and retired from the labor force. These weighs were recentered for each country for each year.
The number of cases assigned the derived weights is reduced from the total
sample because of the restriction on age. Most important are the omissions of
those under 18 years of age, included in many countries where those under
18 years of age are assumed eligible for the labor force. There are, in addition,
a small proportion of cases, about 0.44% or 1 in 227, where the age of the
respondent was not provided and they are excluded from all derived weights.
Considerations in Creating the Consolidated Data Set
A listing of all variables, in the order in which they appear in each case
record, is provided in Appendix B. Frequency distributions, by year, for all
variables are provided in Appendix C. They are organized in seven
categories:
• Procedural variables such as identification numbers and weights.
• Socio-demographic variables
• Screening items applied to all respondents
• Items related to those in the start-up process
• Items related to those considered owner-managers of going firms
• Items related to business angels
• Items reflecting processing to identify those active in business creation
The syntax file used to process the data to produce the last set of variables is
provided in Appendix D.
The major challenge for harmonizing the items across all surveys is the
diversity in procedures adopted by the vast range of survey firms completing
the data collection. While the need to standardize coding conventions—so all
cases have the same coding conventions for all variables is obvious, there is
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much diversity in the treatment of the “don’t know,” “does not apply,” “refused”,
or cases where the question was not appropriate for the respondent. The
basic procedure has been to ensure that all such cases received a “missing
value” code that separated such cases from those that provided legitimate
responses.
The diversity in “missing value” coding was most extreme with regards
to ratio variables, such as number of employees or amounts of money. These
have been standardized as extremely large values, such as 99,999,999,999,
due to the great diversity in the units of analysis for some national currencies.
TREATMENT OF SCREENING ITEM RESPONSES: The ability of the
data set to provide harmonized cross-national comparisons is closely related
to the extent to which all data was collected in the same fashion. As the
project developed, there were examples of complication when data collected
in individual countries produced unexpected results, generally low levels of
activity in business creation. It was discovered that different firms were using
different procedures in responding to the critical items in the screening
procedure. In the 1999, 2000 and 2001 administration, respondents that gave
a “don’t know” response the first four screening items were treated as if they
had given a “no” response and received no additional follow-up. For the
interviewer, a “don’t know” would reduce the length of the interview. Upon
close examination of the consolidated data sets, it was discovered that this
variation would lead to significant differences in the proportion of respondents
completing the special topic modules.
The major response to this complication was a change in the interview
procedure, beginning in 2002. This change involved a skip pattern such that a
“don’t know” response would lead to asking the question a second time, in a
slightly different format. In some national surveys, but not all, this appeared to
increase the proportion of individuals that would be considered nascent
entrepreneurs or new firm owner-managers.
This adjustment in the interview schedule may also affect comparisons
across time for any given country, particularly comparisons of data before
2002 with that acquired in 2002 and later.
SCREENING ITEM WORDING EFFECTS: As the project developed,
there was an attempt to expand the scope of activity that would fall within the
intent of the screening items. In particular, the initial BSTART item
emphasized starting a business on one’s own, which was then supplemented
with the inclusion of phrases about “self-employment”, and later “any
exchange of goods or services.” There were also comparable changes in the
BJOBST item. A detailed analysis of the impact of these adjustments of
wording on 134 independent samples in the United States has found that
once these adjustments were taken into account, there was little temporal
change during the 1998-2006 period (Reynolds, 2009). Without these
adjustments, there would appear to be a statistically significant increase
across this time period.
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Based on this U.S. analysis, inferences regarding temporal changes in
the prevalence of entrepreneurial activity in a national population should be
done with considerable caution, ensuring that adjustments for wording item
effects and variations in survey administrations are taken into account.
GEM SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES. There are five sociodemographic variables included in the data set. Age and gender are rather
straightforward and available on almost all respondents.
Some commercial survey firms asked about the respondent’s current
age in categories, exact age is available for about 90% of the cases. Age in
categories is available for 99.6% of the cases. To facilitate analysis using
exact ages, those cases where only age categories were available were
assigned an exact age that was the approximately the midpoint of the
category: 16 for the category 10 to 17 years; 21 for the category 18 to 24
years; 29 for the category 25 to 34 years; 39 for the category 35 to 44 years;
49 for the category 45 to 54 years; 59 for the category 55 to 64 years; and 71
for the category 65 to 98 years.
More complex was the consolidation and harmonization of data on
educational attainment, labor force activity, and household/personal income.
There were substantial variations in the procedures and categories used by
the different survey firms, reflecting national differences in how labor force
participation is defined, the educational system is organized, and how
personal income is measured. For all three factors, harmonization focused on
the coding scheme provided by the survey vendors for each attribute.
For educational attainment, the frame of reference was the North
American practice of assuming 12 years of primary education [secondary or
high school degree], followed by 4 years of post-secondary leading to a
college degree, and those with more than 16 years assumed to have received
some graduate training. Post high school could include academic, vocational
or technical training as well as university or college experiences.
Income was the most problematic dimension for harmonization, as
surveys may include either personal income or household income. In some
cases the data was related to estimates of annual income and in others
monthly or weekly estimates. Some surveys provided data on 2-3 categories,
others a dozen, and others exact values. The most straightforward approach
was adopted, with all cases in each national sample reclassified into three
groups of approximately equal size—lowest third, middle third, and upper third.
Each case, therefore, was assigned a value in relation to all other cases in the
same national sample for the given year. No adjustments were made to
correct for variations in purchasing power or inflation. 4 Many of those from the
top third of developing countries may have an annual income that is,
corrected for purchasing power, equivalent to the lowest third of a developed
country. In a similar fashion, those in the lowest third of the distribution in
4
. One effort to provide cross-national comparisons that adjust for purchasing power parity is
provided in Reynolds [2012].
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developing countries may have no counterparts among those in the lowest
third of developed countries.
Standardization of reports of labor force participation across multiple
surveys in countries with diverse values on employment relations is a major
challenge. The three value classification scheme (working full or part time, not
working but eligible for work and not in the labor force) may be the most
reliable measure given the circumstances.
ECONOMIC SECTOR CLASSIFICATION: One item in the special topic
modules was related to the nature of the business activity, whether a start-up
effort, new or established firm, or recipient of an informal investment. These
one sentence descriptions were provided in the original language of the
interview and translated into English. For 2000 through 2009 the coordination
team reviewed the English versions an assigned an appropriate four digit
code using the United National International Standard Industrial Classification
scheme, Revision 3.1 (summarized in Appendix E). 5 While it was possible to
classify most of the business activity reports, the source descriptions were
frequently brief, often only several words or a single phrase.
Starting with the 2010 surveys, economic sectors were coded using the
updated UN ISIC Rev 4 (2008) coding categories (summarized in Appendix F).
While the overall structure of these two coding schemes is somewhat different,
the vast majority, perhaps over 90%, of the specific four-digit categories are
almost identical. Those wishing to produce a precise match are referred to the
correspondence tables provided on the United National website. 6
Economic sector coding is provided by GEM coordination processing
for all start-up or nascent ventures for all years. Coding for owner-managed
ventures is provided up to 2009; after 2009 this is provided separately for new
(baby) businesses and established businesses.
While data was gathered on the presence of informal investors for all
years beginning in 1999, details on the economic sector of ventures
supported by informal investors was obtained only through 2008.
Both industry classifications were consolidated into eleven aggregate
categories that were, as much as possible, harmonized across the two coding
schemes. The allocation of four digit classifications to the broader categories
in provided in the syntax file in Appendix D.
While data was gathered on the presence of informal investors for all
years beginning in 1999, details on the economic sector of ventures
supported by informal investors was obtained only through 2008.
5
6
The 1999 data on start-ups was coded by Diana Hechavarria.
‘www.unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registruy/isic_4.asp’.
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Development of Created or Transformed Variables
A number of variables representing business creation and ownership
activity have been developed to represent the level of participation in these
various countries. Over time, the specialized modules were adjusted to
provide more precision in identifying activity that met several criteria:
Nascent Entrepreneurs defined as those that:
1)
Had been active in start-up behavior in the past 12 months
2)
Expected to own all or part of the new firm
3)
Had not paid owners’ salaries and wages for more than three
months7
New Firm Owner-Mangers defined as those that:
1)
Were active in the management of a firm
2)
Owned all or part of the business
3)
Had paid owners’ salaries and wages for more than three
months but for less than 42 months (3.5 years). 8
Established Firm Owner-Mangers defined as those that:
1)
Were active in the management of a firm
2)
Owned all or part of the business
3)
Had paid owners’ salaries and wages for more than 42 months
(3.5 years).
Those that met these criteria were then identified for inclusion in the
Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) or Early Stage Entrepreneurial Activity
index if they qualified as either a nascent entrepreneurs or a new firm ownermanager. Those that qualified for both, about 5% of the total, were also given
a count of 1, providing an accurate measure of human participation but a
slight undercount of total business creation activity. The syntax commands
used to process all cases to identify those active in business creation is
provided in Appendix D.
A major adjustment was related to the discovery that some that
considered themselves in the start-up stage had received salaries or wages
as owners and, as a result, met the criteria of a profitable new firm.
Complementing this aberration was a proportion of those that reported they
were owner-managers of going firms that had never paid any salaries and
wages and thus qualified as in the start-up process. After 2001 such
individuals are reclassified in the set of transformed variables. In addition, the
special topic modules for start-ups and business owner-managers were
deliberately harmonized to maximize the capacity for providing descriptive
data of business initiatives that had been “re-classified.” The details of this
7
This single item indicator is considered to reflect the transition to a profitable new firm. It
reflects the assumption that only after all monthly expenses, including employee wages and
salaries, were paid would the owners receive payments. A more complex multi-item measure
of firm profits was utilized for the longitudinal studies of the firm creation process [Curtin and
Reynolds, 2004].
8
The use of 3.5 years reflects the completion of most surveys in the summer months and the
question related to the year of initial payments of salaries and wages, providing data on
periods salary payments over 0.5 years, 1.5 years, 2.5 years, etc.
Page 16 of 22
Page 17 of 532 Pages
procedure are provided in Sections B to F of the syntax file in Appendix D.
The final classification of all respondents reflects re-assignment of all
respondents based on statements about the initial payments of owners’
salaries and wages.
Beginning in 2001, all those participating in the firm creation process
were asked about the reason for their participation, to take advantage of a
business opportunity or because there were no other good choices for work. A
small proportion provided brief description of their motives; most of these
‘other’ responses could be coded into one of the standardized categories. A
standardized procedure has been used to allocate all eligible respondents to
an opportunity, necessity, or other category based on this data and included
in the transformed variables.
Data Set: Format and Access
All processing and the final data files were produced using the PC
version of SPSS V22 and V23. This can be converted to STATA or SAS data
sets with a minimum of complications.
Considerations in Analysis: When to be Cautious
There are several features of this initiative that are important for those
that wish to use the data for assessments of the business creation process:
•
The unit of analysis is the individual respondent. For each survey effort
each case record includes the unique respondent identification (ID)
number. Across years in a given country and across countries in the same
year it is possible that duplicates may occur. Despite the efforts of GEM
coordination to produce unique case ID number (SETID_NE for 2006 and
following years) there are duplicates in this consolidated data set. As a
result, a 12 digit random number was assigned to all cases which serves
as a unique identification number for each record (ID_9814_RDM). Those
that wish to merge more detailed data from individual national surveys are
advised to use the SETID number, present in all files on the GEM website,
and merge data by year, country, and respondent’s exact age (GEMAGE).
This should preclude any problem with duplicate ID numbers.
•
Only the basic items associated with the creation of for-profit firms are
included. There have been a number of special topics pursued in different
national surveys, often for only one or two years, such as family business
characteristics, social entrepreneurship, immigrant entrepreneurship, and
business creation as an employee responsibility. Items related to these
topics have not been included in this consolidated data set.
Page 17 of 22
Page 18 of 532 Pages
The following features should be considered in analysis of these
respective countries.
•
The implementation of the interview procedure in Ireland for the year
2000 led to extremely low levels of participation in business creation;
this data is not comparable to data collected in other countries in the
same year or later surveys completed in Ireland. These and other
examples of extreme values, compared to averages for other years, in
the TEA prevalence rates (weighted by WEIGHT_L) are provided in
Table 1.
Table 1 Examples of Extreme Values in National TEA Prevalence Rates
Name
Country
Total
Number
of
Surveys
Average
w/o
Extreme
Values
Extreme
values
Years of
Extreme
Values
Ireland
353
11
7.7
1.2
2000
Hong Kong
852
5
3.5
10.7
2007
Hungary
36
9
7.4
1.9
2005
Mexico
52
8
13.6
6.3,5.5 2005,2006
Singapore
65
7
5.8
2.1
2000
United Arab Emirates
971
3
11.5
3.8
2006
The most likely source of the extreme values are complications in the
implementation of the interview items related to business creation.
Other data, such as judgments about the national entrepreneurial
climate, may still be considered to represent the national population.
•
The initial data files in the public domain had incorrect coding for
household income data for the United Arab Emirates samples for 2006
and 2007; this has been corrected in this data set.
•
The original case weights for Egypt for 2008 were reset based on age,
gender, and educational attainment to match the national government
data on educational attainment.
•
The survey of Yemen in 2009 was conducted in such a way that no
respondent was identified as a new firm owner-manager.
Page 18 of 22
Page 19 of 532 Pages
•
For some developing countries, the level of respondent educational
attainment would suggest that the survey sample may not represent all
those living in the country. The following examples, compared to the
UK and US, suggest that some caution may be justified. (All years
weighted by WEIGHT_L).
Table 2 Weighted Sample Level of Educational Attainment: Selected
Countries
Name
Country
Proportion Post
Secondary
United Kingdom
United States
44
1
24.9 %
43.3 %
Proportion
Graduate
Experience
18.6 %
17.6 %
Kazakhstan
United Arab
Emirates
701
971
36.9 %
42.3 %
21.2 %
21.6 %
Page 19 of 22
Page 20 of 532 Pages
References
Curtin, Richard and P. Reynolds (2004) “PSED Background for Analysis”
Appendix B of (Gartner, W. B., N. Carter, and P. Reynolds, eds)
Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The Process of Organizational
Creation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Pp. 477-494.
Gartner, W.B., K.G. Shaver, N. M. Carter, and P. D. Reynolds (Eds). 2004.
Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The Process of Business
Creation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Reynolds, Paul D. 2000. “National Panel Study of U.S. Business Start-ups:
Background and Methodology.” In Jerome A. Katz (Editor), Advances
in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, Vol. 4. Stamford,
CT: JAI Press, Pp. 153-228.
Reynolds, Paul Davidson. 2007. New Firm Creation in the U.S.: A PSED I
Overview. Hanover, MA: now Publishers: Foundations and Trends in
Entrepreneurship 3(1):1-149.
Reynolds, Paul Davidson. 2007. Entrepreneurship in the US: The Future is
Now. New York: Springer (in press).
Reynolds, Paul D. 2009. Screening Item Effects in Estimating the Prevalence
of Nascent Entrepreneurs. Small Business Economics, 33(2):151-163.
Reynolds, Paul Davidson. 2012. Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies:
The Bottom Billions and Business Creation. Foundations and Trends in
Entrepreneurship. 8(3):141-277.
Reynolds, Paul D. 2014. Business Creation Stability: Why is it so hard to
increase entrepreneurship? (In press.)
Reynolds, Paul Davidson. 2014. “National Values and Business Creation:
Why is it so difficult to increase indigenous entrepreneurship?” Chapter
6 in Pontus Braunerhjelm (ed). 20 Years of Entrepreneurship
Research: Stockholm, SE: Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum, Pp 7194.
Reynolds, Paul, Niels Bosma, Erkko Autio, Steve Hunt, Natalie De Bono,
Isabel Servais, Paloma Lopez-Garcia, and Nancy Chin. (In 2005)
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Data Collection Design and
Implementation: 1998-2003. Small Business Economics: 24: 205-231.
Reynolds, Paul D., William D. Bygrave, Erkko Autio, and others (2004).
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2003 Summary Report . Babson
Park, MA; Babson College (140 pages).
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Reynolds, Paul D., William D. Bygrave, Erkko Autio, Larry Cox and Michael
Hay. 2002. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2002 Executive Report.
Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership (60
pgs).
Reynolds, Paul D., William D. Bygrave, Erkko Autio, and Michael Hay. 2002.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2002 Summary Report. Boston, MA
and London, UK: Babson College and London Business School. (120
pgs).
Reynolds, Paul D., S. Michael Camp, William D. Bygrave, Erkko Autio, and
Michael Hay. 2001. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2001 Research
Report. Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial
Leadership (120 pgs).
Reynolds, Paul D., S. Michael Camp, William D. Bygrave, Erkko Autio, and
Michael Hay. 2001. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2001 Executive
Report. Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial
Leadership (58 pgs).
Paul D. Reynolds and Richard T. Curtin (Eds). 2010. New Firm Creation: An
International Overview. New York: Springer.
Paul D. Reynolds and Richard T. Curtin (Eds). 2009. New Firm Creation in the
U.S.: Initial Explorations with the PSED II Data Set. New York:
Springer.
Reynolds, Paul D. and R. Curtin (2004) “PSED Data Collection Overview”
Appendix A of (Gartner, W. B., N. Carter, and P. Reynolds, eds)
Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The Process of Organizational
Creation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Pp. 453-476.
Reynolds, Paul D. and R. Curtin (2004) “PSED Data Set: Examples of
Analysis (Use of Weights)” Appendix C of (Gartner, W. B., N. Carter,
and P. Reynolds, eds) Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The
Process of Organizational Creation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Publications, Pp. 495-540.
Reynolds, Paul D., Michael Hay, William D. Bygrave, S. Michael Camp &
Erkko Autio. 2000. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2000 Executive
Report. Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial
Leadership.
Reynolds, Paul D., Michael Hay, and Michael Camp. 1999. Global
Entrepreneurship Monitor: 1999 Executive Report. Kansas City, MO:
Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership.
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Reynolds, Paul D. and Stephen Hunt (2003). Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor Data Collection-Operations Manual: Volume II:A – Adult
Population Surveys. London, UK: London Business School, Initial Draft.
Reynolds, Paul Davidson and Sammis B. White. 1997. The Entrepreneurial
Process: Economic Growth, Women, and Minorities. Westport, CT:
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
United Nations, Statistical Office of, Department of Economic and Social
Affairs. (1990) International Standard Classification of All Economic
Activities. Revision 3.01. New York: United Nations.
(http://esa.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regist2.asp).
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Statistical
Division (2008) International Standard Classification of All Economic
Activities. Revision 4.0. New York: United Nations.
United States Census Bureau. International Data Base (IDB).
‘http://www.census.gov/ population/international/data/idb/’.
Page 22 of 22
Page 23 of 532 Pages
Appendix A: GEM ADULT POPULATION SURVEYS ANNUAL SAMPLES
(Unweighted, all cases)
NAME (Country)
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Azores (Portugal)
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Bolivia
Bosnia &
Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea, South
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Macedonia
Malawi
Malaysia
COUNTRY
(Phone
code)
213
244
54
61
43
620
880
246
32
591
CTRYALP
387
BA
267
55
101
56
86
57
506
385
420
45
809
593
20
503
372
251
358
33
49
233
30
502
852
36
354
91
62
98
353
972
39
876
81
962
701
82
371
961
370
389
265
60
BW
BR
CA
CL
CH
CO
CR
HR
CZ
DK
DO
EC
EG
SV
EE
ET
FI
FR
DE
GH
GR
GT
HK
HU
IS
IN
ID
IR
IE
IL
IT
JM
JP
JO
KZ
KR
LV
LB
LT
MK
MW
MY
Yr1998
Yr1999
DZ
AO
AR
AU
AT
AZ
BD
BB
BE
BO
1,004
1,003
1,002
Yr2000
Yr2001
Yr2002
Yr2003
Yr2004
Yr2005
2,000
2,089
1,992
2,072
1,999
3,378
2,004
2,210
2,003
1,991
2,008
2,465
2,197
2,029
2,038
4,057
2,184
3,879
4,047
1,999
2,003
2,000
1,939
2,000
3,014
2,016
2,054
2,000
1,943
1,992
1,607
4,000
2,004
2,000
6,412
1,992
2,109
2,001
2,000
2,016
2,000
2,009
2,008
2,009
2,010
2,005
2,022
2,010
1,000
997
1,000
1,000
1,008
2,002
2,012
2,010
2,001
1,991
7,058
2,005
2,029
15,041
2,005
2,018
7,534
2,000
1,953
7,523
2,010
2,005
6,577
2,000
2,008
2,000
2,000
2,004
2,878
2,002
2,878
2,002
2,002
2,011
2,000
2,000
2,000
3,047
992
1,000
2,021
2,621
1,998
1,971
2,055
1,973
2,000
2,004
2,002
1,971
1,383
1,249
2,000
1,999
1,977
2,003
2,008
2,015
2,000
2,011
1,967
1,978
1,933
2,945
1,917
2,000
1,945
1,984
2,166
1,990
1,964
Page 24 of 532 Pages
NAME (Country)
Maori Subsample
(NZ)
Mexico
Montenegro
Morocco
Namibia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico (US)
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Scotland (UK)
Serbia
Shenzhen (China)
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Tonga
Trinidad & Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
United Arab
Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Wales (UK)
West Bank/Gaza
Yemen
Zambia
Total by Year
Country
(Phone
code)
6401
CTRYALP
52
382
212
264
31
64
234
47
92
507
51
63
48
351
787
40
7
966
4401
381
8601
65
421
386
27
34
46
41
963
886
66
676
868
216
90
256
MX
ME
MA
NA
NL
NZ
NG
NO
PK
PA
PE
PH
PL
PT
PR
RO
RU
SA
SC
RS
CS
SG
SK
SI
ZA
ES
SE
SW
SY
TW
TH
TO
TT
TN
TR
UG
971
AE
44
1
598
678
582
4402
970
967
260
UK
US
UY
VU
VE
WA
PS
YE
ZM
Yr1998
Yr1999
Yr2000
Yr2001
Yr2002
Yr2003
Yr2004
2,014
1,002
2,013
1,948
3,510
2,000
3,505
1,969
3,507
1,933
3,582
968
2,874
2,036
2,040
2,883
2,014
NM
2,041
Yr2005
1,000
2,009
2,007
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,012
2,190
2,001
1,000
2,056
2,118
2,120
2,004
2,005
2,040
1,874
2,019
2,036
5,274
2,016
2,056
2,030
6,993
2,000
1,999
2,001
2,012
3,262
7,000
2,025
2,003
3,852
3,876
2,003
3,252
16,980
26,700
3,016
3,237
19,384
2,002
5,456
2,236
1,043
1,013
1,004
5,018
1,014
1,018
10,420
2,032
2,006
5,398
2,954
2,010
3,007
46,363
76,819
16,002
7,059
2,000
1,015
2,005
21,666
9,036
24,006
2,007
2,000
116,776
102,878
10,894
1,992
2,000
145,189
118,191
Page 25 of 532 Pages
NAME (Country)
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Azores (Portugal)
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Bolivia
Bosnia &
Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominican
Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea, South
Latvia
Lebanon
Lithuania
Macedonia
Malawi
Malaysia
Yr2007
2,018
Yr2008
1,518
2,031
Yr2009
2,000
2,008
2,002
2,028
Yr2010
2,167
2,001
2,000
1,010
Yr2011
3,427
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,928
1,852
1,997
2,000
3,989
2,000
3,524
2,028
2,000
2,000
2,277
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
4,008
2,666
2,102
2,000
2,001
5,000
3,608
2,055
7,195
3,690
10,374
2,000
1,996
2,000
7,195
3,677
11,029
2,003
2,000
2,001
2,012
2,012
1,957
2,081
2,019
2,142
2,636
2,007
2,200
2,005
2,005
2,011
2,018
4,751
2,004
2,019
6,032
2,000
2,000
2,058
1,500
2,002
1,662
2,001
2,002
2,032
2,000
2,190
2,000
2,000
2,005
2,007
2,019
2,000
1,860
2,000
2,000
3,124
2,001
2,030
3,000
2,407
2,001
3,350
2,000
2,011
2,000
2,003
2,000
2,073
3,000
2,012
1,600
2,006
2,000
2,077
2,769
4,995
2,636
2,018
4,583
2,055
2,010
2,001
2,003
10,000
2,420
3,684
6,471
2,041
2,000
2,217
2,004
2,501
2,180
2,004
3,005
2,038
4,003
4,300
2,222
2,000
2,006
2,012
5,552
2,447
2,000
2,285
2,011
2,009
4,260
2,000
2,001
2,002
3,359
2,000
2,007
3,000
2,298
2,006
3,352
2,002
2,047
2,004
3,178
2,000
2,007
2,000
2,003
2,010
2,001
2,001
2,001
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,003
2,003
2,003
2,006
2,006
2,002
2,002
2,000
2,005
2,015
Yr2012
2,010
2,000
2,398
2,000
2,700
2,053
Country
Totals
10,422
6,321
26,089
20,723
8,782
1,010
2,000
4,983
34,111
5,524
10,306
2,003
35,999
21,360
35,825
25,494
36,033
4,044
22,013
4,006
35,279
6,107
10,433
7,906
2,180
2,004
3,005
28,103
28,983
76,692
4,669
20,008
6,873
10,062
23,759
18,026
15,453
2,000
16,363
23,904
19,741
28,868
16,602
25,996
4,006
2,000
16,028
15,937
2,000
4,006
6,005
2,006
10,076
Page 26 of 532 Pages
NAME (Country)
Maori Subsample
(NZ)
Mexico
Montenegro
Morocco
Namibia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico (US)
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Scotland (UK)
Serbia
Shenzhen (China)
Singapore
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Tonga
Trinidad & Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
United Arab
Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Wales (UK)
West Bank/Gaza
Yemen
Zambia
Total by Year
Yr2007
Yr2008
Yr2009
2,605
1,500
Yr2010
2,511
2,516
3,500
1,959
3,501
2,108
2,080
2,001
2,002
2,001
2,010
2,651
2,000
2,000
1,998
2,071
2,002
2,000
2,011
2,003
2,001
2,028
7,500
2,004
3,541
2,000
2,000
2,009
3,178
17,500
3,101
2,000
2,001
2,000
2,010
2,928
21,900
2,500
2,003
2,001
2,012
2,000
2,009
3,000
2,016
2,001
2,401
2,267
2,008
2,029
2,000
2,401
2,343
3,508
3,003
3,502
1,996
2,049
2,029
2,000
2,052
2,000
2,021
2,002
2,007
2,206
1,660
2,093
1,695
2,000
2,200
2,297
2,300
2,000
3,020
27,880
2,001
2,148
3,019
3,270
30,879
3,030
3,135
28,888
2,024
2,002
2,000
1,184
2,400
2,400
2,180
41,829
2,166
2,000
8,000
5,249
2,027
1,794
2,000
2,095
2,056
30,003
5,002
2,001
1,693
2,080
2,065
155,183
134,990
183,074
Yr2012
2,605
2,000
3,539
2,023
1,998
2,046
1,939
Yr2011
2,235
1,736
2,000
3,012
3,279
26,388
2,492
2,002
10,403
4,000
2,034
1,182
2,401
3,029
10,573
5,863
2,074
2,000
1,992
2,039
184,102
11,191
5,542
2,016
2,000
171,297
2,157
207,582
Country
Totals
1,000
17,277
2,000
1,500
1,959
40,205
8,818
4,731
27,964
6,009
5,999
16,266
2,000
10,004
11,037
1,998
12,612
24,167
4,000
4,174
6,797
4,040
23,743
4,000
28,169
41,056
231,140
48,915
19,637
2,002
8,258
12,043
1,184
6,053
6,001
14,420
9,725
9,266
237,057
57,991
14,149
1,182
9,487
5,017
6,072
2,065
4,196
1,829,513
Page 27 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
Nominal
8
Right
F5
gem_yr
1
GEM PROC: GEM PROJECT YEAR
setid
2
GEM PROC: CASE
ID+COUNTRY+PROJECT YEAR
Scale
12
Right
F10
ID_9812_RDM
3
GEM PROC: UNIQUE CASE RANDOM
ID:1988-2012
Scale
14
Right
F14
setid_ne
4
GEM PROC: GEM COORD UNIQUE ID:
2007 ON
Scale
17
Right
F15
country
5
GEM PROC: INTERNATIONAL PHONE
ACCESS CODE
Scale
9
Right
F4
ctryalp
6
GEM PROC: UNIQUE 1 CHAR ALPHA
COUNTRY ID
Nominal
9
Left
A2
NAME
7
GEM PROC: COUNTRY NAME:20
CHAR ALPHA
Nominal
20
Left
A20
weight
8
GEM PROC: SURVEY VENDOR
WEIGHT, ALL CASES
Scale
10
Right
F10.4
weight_l
9
GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED:
18-64 YEARS OLD
Scale
10
Right
F10.4
weight_a
10
GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED:
18 AND OLDER
Scale
10
Right
F10.4
mosurv
11
GEM PROC: MONTH SURVEY
COMPLETED
Nominal
8
Right
F4
gemsex
12
GEM DEMO: R GENDER
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
gemage
13
GEM DEMO: R EXACT AGE
Scale
8
Right
F2
999
gemage7c
14
GEM DEMO: R AGE IN CATEGORIES
Nominal
10
Right
F5
9999
gemwork
15
GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE
STATUS, 6 CATEGORIES
Nominal
9
Right
F2
9
gemwork3
16
GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE
STATUS, 3 CATEGORIES
Nominal
10
Right
F3
99
gemhhinc
17
GEM DEMO: R HH/PERSONAL
INCOME, 3 CATEGORIES
Nominal
10
Right
F6
99999
gemeduc
18
GEM DEMO: R EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
Nominal
9
Right
F6
9999
bstart
19
SCREEN: YES, AUTNONOMOUS
START-UP
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
1 of 6
Page 28 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
bjobst
20
SCREEN: YES, JOB INVOLVES BUSS
START-UP
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
ownmge
21
SCREEN: YES, OWNS, MANAGES A
BUSINESS
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
busang
22
SCREEN: YES, BUSS ANGEL IN PAST
3 YEARS
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
opport
23
SCREEN: YES, GOOD OPPORT FOR
BUSS IN NEXT 6 MTHS
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
knowent
24
SCREEN: YES, KNOW ENTRE IN PAST
2 YEARS
Nominal
9
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
suskill
25
SCREEN: YES, R HAS SKILL,ABILITY 4
START-UP
Nominal
9
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
fearfail
26
SCREEN: YES, FAILURE FEAR
WOULD PREVENT START-UP
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
futsup
27
SCREEN: YES, EXPECTS TO START
BUSS IN 3 YRS
Nominal
8
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
discent
28
SCREEN: YES, SHUT DOWN BUSS IN
PAST 12 MTHS
Nominal
9
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
nbgoodc
29
SCREEN: YES, NEW BUSS GOOD
CAREER CHOICE
Nominal
9
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
nbstatus
30
SCREEN: YES, SUCC IN NEW BUSS IS
HI STATUS
Nominal
10
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
nbmedia
31
SCREEN: YES, GOOD MEDIA
COVERAGE OF NEW BUSS
Nominal
9
Right
F2
7, 8, 9
equalinc
32
SCREEN: YES, ALL SHOULD HAVE
SAME INCOME
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
suacts
33
START-UP: R REPORTS START-UP
ACTS IN PAST YEAR
Nominal
8
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
suown
34
START-UP: R WILL OWN PART/ALL
NEW FIRM
Nominal
7
Right
F6
7, 8, 9
suowners
35
START-UP: EXCPECTED NUMBER OF
NEW FIRM OWNERS
Scale
10
Right
F3
9997, 9998,
9999
suwage
36
START-UP: YES, WAGES, PROFITS
PAID TO OWNERS 3+ MTHS
Nominal
8
Right
F1
8, 9
suwageyr
37
START-UP: 1ST YR PAYMENTS TO
OWNERS
Nominal
10
Right
F4
9998, 9999
sutype
38
START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Scale
8
Right
F6
9997, 9998,
9999
2 of 6
Page 29 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
SUTYPE_10
39
START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Scale
11
Right
F8.2
SUTYPE1D
40
START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
9997.00,
9998.00,
9999
00
99999.00
SUTYPE1D_10
41
START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Scale
13
Right
F8.2
99999.00
sunewcst
42
START-UP: PROD/SERV NEW TO
CUSTOMERS
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
sucompet
43
START-UP: EXPECTED LEVEL OF
COMPETITION
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
sunewtec
44
START-UP: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YR
AGO? (UP TO 2004)
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
SUNEWT_5
45
START-UP: WHEN TECH AVAILABLE
(2005 ON)
Nominal
8
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
suexport
46
START-UP: % CUSTOMERS LIVE
ABROAD
Nominal
10
Right
F6
99997,
99998,
99999
sunowjob
47
START-UP: NUMBER JOBS NOW
Scale
10
Right
F6
9999997,
9999998,
9999999
suyr5job
48
START-UP: NUMBER JOBS 5 YRS
POST-BIRTH
Scale
10
Right
F6
9999997,
9999998,
9999999
sureason
49
START-UP: REASON R IS INVOLVED
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
SUOPTYPE
50
START-UP: NATURE OF BUSS
OPPORTUNITY
Nominal
8
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
sumontot
51
START-UP: TOTAL MONEY
REQUIRED, NATIONAL CURRENCY
Scale
14
Right
COMMA 99,999,999,9
12
97,
99,999,999,9
98,
99,999,999,9
99
sumonown
52
START-UP: TOTAL MONEY R
INVESTED, NATIONAL CURRENCY
Scale
14
Right
COMMA 99,999,999,9
12
97,
99,999,999,9
98,
99,999,999,9
99
3 of 6
Page 30 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
Nominal
7
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
Scale
10
Right
F3
9997, 9998,
9999
Nominal
10
Right
F4
9998, 9999
9997, 9998,
9999
omown
53
OWN-MANGE: R OWNS PART/ALL OF
FIRM
omowners
54
OWN-MANGE: NUMBER OF FIRM
OWNERS
omwageyr
55
OWN-MANGE: 1ST YR PAYMENTS TO
OWNERS
omtype
56
OWN-MANGE: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Scale
8
Right
F6
BBTYPE_10
57
OWN-MANGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Scale
11
Right
F8.2
9997.00,
9998.00,
9999.00
EBTYPE_10
58
OWN-MANGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Scale
11
Right
F8.2
9997.00,
9998.00,
9999.00
OMTYPE1D
59
OWN-MANGE: SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
99999.00
BBTYPE1D_10
60
OWN-MANGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Scale
13
Right
F8.2
99999.00
EBTYPE1D_10
61
OWN-MANGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Scale
13
Right
F8.2
99999.00
omnewcst
62
OWN-MANGE: PROD/SERV NEW TO
CUSTOMERS
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
omcompet
63
OWN-MANGE: EXPECTED LEVEL OF
COMPETITION
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
omnewtec
64
OWN-MANGE: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YR
AGO? (UP TO 2004)
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
OMNEWT_5
65
OWN-MANGE: WHEN TECH
AVAILABLE (2005 ON)
Nominal
8
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
omexport
66
OWN-MANGE: % CUSTOMERS LIVE
ABROAD
Nominal
10
Right
F6
99997,
99998,
99999
omnowjob
67
OWN-MANGE: NUMBER JOBS NOW
Scale
10
Right
F6
9999997,
9999998,
9999999
omyr5job
68
OWN-MANGE: NUMBER JOBS 5 YRS
POST-BIRTH
Scale
10
Right
F6
9999997,
9999998,
9999999
omreason
69
OWN-MANGE: REASON R IS
INVOLVED
Nominal
10
Right
F1
7, 8, 9
4 of 6
Page 31 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
OMOPTYPE
70
OWN-MANGE: NATURE OF BUS
OPPORTUNITY
Nominal
8
Right
bafund
71
BUS ANGEL: FUNDING IN PAST 3
YRS, NATIONAL CURRENCY
Scale
13
Right
batype
72
BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Scale
8
Right
F6
BATYPE1D
73
BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
barel
74
BUS ANGEL: R RELATION TO
INVESTEE
Nominal
7
Right
F6
SUBOANWT
75
TRANSFORM: START-UP, OWNER,
ACTIVE, NO WAGES
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
OMBABYBT
76
TRANSFORM: NEW (BABY) BUSS,
OWNER, ACTIVE, <3.5 YRS
PAYMENTS
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
OMESTBBT
77
TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS,
OWNER, ACTIVE, >3.5 YRS
PAYMENTS
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
SUWHY
78
TRANSFORM: START-UP
MOTIVATIONS: RECODED
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
OMWHY
79
TRANSFORM: OWN-MANGE
MOTIVATONS: RECODED
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
SU_MOT
80
TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVES:
RECODE 2
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
OMBB_MOT
81
TRANSFORM: BABY (NEW) BUSS
MOTIVES: RECODE 2
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
OMEB_MOT
82
TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS
MOTIVES: RECODE 2
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
9.00
TEA
83
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE
ACTIVITY INDEX
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
TEA_MOT
84
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE
INDEX MOTIVATION
Nominal
10
Right
F8.2
TEATYPE
85
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Scale
10
Right
F8.2
TEATYPE_10
86
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Scale
12
Right
F8.2
5 of 6
F1
7, 8, 9
COMMA 99,999,999,9
11
97,
99,999,999,9
98,
99,999,999,9
99
9999
99999.00
8, 9, 999999
9.00
Page 32 of 532 Pages
Appendix B GEM 1998-2010 VARIABLE LISTING
Variable Name
Position Variable Label
Variable Information
Measurement Level
Column
Width
Alignment
Print/ Missing
Write Values
Format
TEATYPE1D
87
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Scale
11
Right
F8.2
99999.00
TEATYPE1D_10
88
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC
[UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Scale
14
Right
F8.2
99999.00
6 of 6
Page 33 of 532 Pages
Appendix C: Variable Frequency Distributions
[Presented by position in each case record]
Example of presentation format
Continuous Variables or Variables with Large numbers of Discrete Values
13)
Value
999
Value
GEMAGE: GEM DEMO: R EXACT AGE
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
R/DK/NOT ASKED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
169,724 153,290 133,858 182,674 183,945
1,833
370
1,094
366
135
74
1,523
38
34
22
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102
Value label
2012
2013
Frequencies by year
Page 1 of 142
Total
1,444,186
4,631
1,817
1,450,634
Page 34 of 532 Pages
Discrete Variables: Small number of values
19)
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
BSTART
SCREEN: YES, AUTONOMOUS START-UP
1) Are you, alone or with others, now trying to start a new business?
a. You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business.
1a. You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any type of self-employment.
1a.You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any type of
self-employment.
1a. You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment
or selling any goods or services to others.
1a.You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment or
selling any goods or services to others.
0
1
8
NO
YES
DON'T KNOW
9
DK/NR/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Value
1998
4,709
303
1999
9,768
651
2000
42,776
3,200
270
6
1
1
5,019 10,420
102
18
46,366
2001
70,948
5,402
460
2002
109,156
7,028
362
2003
95,994
6,593
186
Total
333,351
23,177
1,278
105
9
76,819
196
34
116,776
410
62
358,270
102,878
Value Label
Frequencies by year
Item wording by year
Page 2 of 142
Page 35 of 532 Pages
1)
GEM_YR
GEM PROC: GEM PROJECT YEAR
See appendix A.
2)
SETID
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,774 102,878 144,017 118,170
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Value
GEM PROC: CASE ID+COUNTRY+PROJECT YEAR
5,018
171,631
10,420
155,183
46,363
134,990
76,819
183,074
116,776
184,102
Page 3 of 142
102,878
171,297
145,189
207,582
118,191
Total
1,829,513
1,829,513
Page 36 of 532 Pages
3)
Value
Value
ID_9812_RDM GEM PROC: UNIQUE RANDOM ASSIGNED CASE ID: 1998-2012
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,774 102,878 144,017 118,170
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
171,631
10,420
155,183
46,363
134,990
76,819
183,074
116,776
184,102
Page 4 of 142
102,878
171,297
145,189
207,582
118,191
Total
1,829,513
1,829,513
Page 37 of 532 Pages
4)
SETID_NE
Value
Value
5)
GEM PROC: GEM COOR UNIQUE ID: 2007 ON
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT AVAILABLE
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT AVAILABLE
TOTAL
2006
COUNTRY
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
46,363
46,363
76,819
76,819
2002
2003
2004
2005
116,776
116,776
102,878
102,878
145,189
145,189
118,191
118,191
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
155,183 134,990 180,884 173,699 160,724 196,931
171,631
2,190
10,403
10,573
11,191
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,562
GEM PROC: INTERNATIONAL PHONE ACCESS CODE
See 2rd column of Appendix A.
Note: Canada set to “101”.
6)
CTRYALP
GEM PROC: UNIQUE 1 CHAR ALPHA COUNTRY ID
1) CTRYALP: CTRY ALPHA WITH 2 CHAR VARIABLE LABEL
See 3rd column of Appendix A.
7)
NAME
GEM PROC: COUNTRTY NAME: 20 CHAR ALPHS
See 1st column of Appendix A.
Page 5 of 142
Total
1,001,871
827,642
1,829,513
Page 38 of 532 Pages
8)
Value
Value
WEIGHT
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
GEM PROC: SURVEY WEIGHT, ALL CASES
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,774 102,878 144,017 118,170
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819
116,776
102,878
145,189
118,191
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
171,631 155,183 134,990 180,884
10,403 171,297 198,902
2,190 173,699
8,680
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 6 of 142
Total
1,643,749
185,764
1,829,513
Page 39 of 532 Pages
9)
WEIGHT_L GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18-464 YEARS OLD
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4,165
8,464
38,506
64,765
97,549
88,214 129,865 109,583
853
1,956
7,857
12,054
19,227
14,664
15,324
8,608
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
156,575 146,534 124,721 168,076 173,351 161,244 197,680
15,056
8,649
10,269
14,998
10,751
10,053
9,902
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 7 of 142
Total
1,669,292
160,221
1,829,513
Page 40 of 532 Pages
10)
WEIGHT_A GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18 AND OLDER
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4,977
10,079
44,774
74,900 112,954 101,003 143,287 116,489
41
341
1,589
1,919
3,822
1,875
1,902
1,702
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
168,336 152,085 133,439 182,289 183,815 170,842 202,936
3,295
3,098
1,551
785
287
455
4,646
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 8 of 142
Total
1,802,205
27,308
1,829,513
Page 41 of 532 Pages
11)
Value
Value
MOSURV
GEM PROC: MONTH SURVEY COMPLETED
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,774 102,878 144,017 118,170
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT PROVIDED
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
171,631 155,183 134,990
183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819
116,776
Page 9 of 142
102,878
145,189
118,191
Total
1,083,458
746,055
1,829,513
Page 42 of 532 Pages
GEM Demographic Variables
12)
GEMSEX
Value
1
2
9
Value Label
MALE
FEMALE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2,446
5,075
22,453
36,827
55,250
47,661
69,136
54,733
2,572
5,345
23,910
39,992
61,526
55,217
76,053
63,458
Value Label
MALE
FEMALE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
79,270
70,080
62,871
86,653
88,760
83,494 100,822
92,269
85,101
72,014
96,396
95,327
87,738 106,753
8
2
10
0
3
84
1
25
15
65
4
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Value
1
2
9
GEM DEMO: R GENDER
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819
116,776
Page 10 of 142
102,878
145,189
118,191
Total
865,531
963,671
117
194
1,829,513
Page 43 of 532 Pages
13)
GEMAGE
Value
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
R/DK/NOT ASKED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4,977
10,375
46,247
76,819 116,019 102,878 145,189 118,191
76
757
41
45
40
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
R/DK/NOT ASKED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
169,724 153,290 133,858 182,674 183,945 170,995 207,227
1,833
370
1,094
366
135
260
351
74
1,523
38
34
22
42
4
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
999
Value
999
GEM DEMO: R EXACT AGE
Page 11 of 142
Total
1,822,408
5,242
1,863
1,829,513
Page 44 of 532 Pages
14)
GEMAGE7C GEM DEMO: R AGE IN CATEGORIES
Value
1017
1824
2534
3544
4554
5564
6598
9999
Value Label
10-17 YRS
18-24 YRS
25-34 YRS
35-44 YRS
45-54 YRS
55-64 YRS
65 UP YRS
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value
1017
1824
2534
3544
4554
5564
6598
9999
Value Label
10-17 YRS
18-24 YRS
25-34 YRS
35-44 YRS
45-54 YRS
55-64 YRS
65 UP YRS
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1,296
1,200
322
406
462
298
104
19,606
17,278
17,015
23,949
26,156
25,191
34,764
33,212
28,927
25,625
37,720
38,268
37,681
47,501
39,453
36,646
30,802
38,533
40,144
37,290
45,031
34,825
24,353
28,427
37,988
37,576
33,646
39,121
29,569
29,331
22,946
31,865
31,043
27,374
31,096
11,763
5,551
8,721
14,213
10,296
9,515
9,610
0
0
2
0
0
167
0
1,907
1,893
1,130
400
157
145
355
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
0
722
902
1,057
791
693
812
14
27
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
296
1,473
1,919
3,062
1,875
1,902
701
1,139
5,990
10,104
13,045
12,055
21,383
16,689
2,000
9,267
15,038
21,512
19,060
29,412
23,228
2,044
9,494
15,864
25,056
22,219
30,343
27,566
1,799
7,830
13,048
21,402
19,339
26,742
24,354
1,482
5,925
10,711
16,537
15,541
21,985
20,746
1,615
6,268
10,135
15,405
12,789
13,422
7,907
3
115
0
757
0
0
0
42
1
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 12 of 142
Total
15,320
242,086
366,353
402,542
361,241
296,844
138,022
1,048
6,057
1,829,513
Page 45 of 532 Pages
15)
GEMWORK GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE STATUS, 6 CATEGORIES
Value
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
Value Label
FULL OR PART TIME
PART TIME ONLY
RETIRED/DISABLED
HOMEMAKER
STUDENT
NOT WORKING:OTHER
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
Value Label
FULL OR PART TIME
PARET TIME ONLY
RETIRED/DISABLED
HOMEMAKER
STUDENT
NOT WORKING:OTHER
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
92,161
84,442
98,203
87,074
89,427
92,034 112,968
14,032
15,492
10,271
17,818
16,794
13,639
18,363
22,168
16,340
16,032
25,814
21,051
19,324
20,853
16,091
16,136
14,974
22,518
23,350
15,771
20,868
10,923
8,587
8,185
11,379
12,737
10,186
13,464
12,423
9,637
12,392
17,370
18,492
16,260
17,978
1,903
2,553
3,415
1,101
2,235
4,083
3,106
1,930
1,996
1,518
0
16
0
0
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4,966
21,074
31,846
54,312
51,248
76,374
68,060
640
1,661
5,280
6,157
8,065
15,509
8,133
1,099
5,251
7,804
15,850
8,858
11,221
14,030
308
3,193
6,746
7,886
6,667
9,825
10,678
400
2,340
3,379
5,216
4,620
7,035
7,070
1,982
6,327
11,267
15,719
17,488
23,943
8,133
1,025
6,517
10,497
21
3,914
4,282
2,087
0
0
0
11,615
2,018
0
0
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 13 of 142
Total
934,179
148,844
205,695
175,011
105,521
189,411
46,741
24,111
1,829,513
Page 46 of 532 Pages
16)
GEMWORK3 GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE STATUS, 3 CATEGORIES
Value
10
20
30
99
Value Label
FULL OR PART TIME
NOT WORKING
RETIRED/DISABLED/STD
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value
10
20
30
99
Value Label
FULL OR PART TIME
NOT WORKING
RETIRED/DISABLED/STD
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
106,193
99,934
78,474 104,892 106,221 105,673 131,311
28,514
25,773
23,121
39,888
41,842
32,031
38,846
33,091
24,927
24,217
37,193
33,788
29,510
34,317
1,939
2,553
7,660
1,101
2,235
4,083
3,108
1,894
1,996
1,518
0
16
0
0
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
5,606
22,735
37,126
60,469
59,313
88,883
76,193
2,290
9,520
18,013
23,605
24,155
33,768
18,811
1,499
7,591
11,183
21,066
13,478
18,256
21,110
1,025
6,517
10,497
21
3,914
4,282
2,087
0
0
0
11,615
2,018
0
0
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 14 of 142
Total
1,083,023
360,177
311,216
51,022
24,075
1,829,513
Page 47 of 532 Pages
17)
GEMHHINC GEM DEMO: R HH/PERSONAL INCOME, 3 CATEGORIES
Value
33
3467
68100
99999
Value Label
LOWEST 33%TILE
MIDDLE 33%TILE
UPPER 33%TILE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value
33
3467
68100
99999
Value Label
LOWEST 33%TILE
MIDDLE 33%TILE
UPPER 33%TILE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
78,141
43,859
37,281
33,670
29,371
29,853
48,614
40,596
48,951
38,397
44,791
49,748
47,447
57,231
25,884
61,123
29,612
62,457
66,954
60,916
59,637
24,741
29,254
28,182
42,156
35,804
33,081
42,100
2,269
1,996
1,518
0
2,225
0
0
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,796
8,695
14,232
24,568 256,765
47,193
38,262
2,232
10,311
17,088
31,199
28,492
37,823
32,410
1,442
7,755
11,673
23,583
23,129
28,492
25,604
4,950
19,602
33,826
1,172
17,335
31,681
19,970
0
0
0
36,254
7,157
0
1,945
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 15 of 142
Total
462,300
486,716
458,261
363,854
58,382
1,829,513
Page 48 of 532 Pages
18)
GEMEDUC GEM DEMO: R EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Value
0
111
1212
1316
1720
9999
Value Label
NONE
SOME SECONDARY
SECONDARY DEGREE
POST SECONDARY
GRAD EXPERIENCE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
0
111
1212
1316
1720
9999
Value Label
NONE
SOME SECONDARY
SECONDARY DEGREE
POST SECONDARY
GRAD EXPERIENCE
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
19,428
25,008
20,030
28,466
35,645
35,187
27,285
38,928
62,652
57,089
55,155
70,638
57,563
55,232
54,353
55,836
5,048
7,535
12,640
11,858
2,738
3,690
1,834
1,856
0
270
0
0
183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
56,880
48,991
27,985
35,636
2,135
4
171,631
0
2,112
3,321
2,564
178
2,245
0
10,420
0
38,230
41,110
34,464
26,838
12,545
1,996
155,183
0
10,412
15,112
13,363
605
6,871
0
46,363
0
37,910
37,718
23,245
29,117
5,482
1,518
134,990
0
18,484
25,416
20,516
1,345
11,058
0
76,819
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,862
1,032
0
0
34,683
25,462
57,774
46,631
40,309
37,828
40,182
27,126
27,990
29,674
17,719
16,619
2,785
3,785
26,284
25,246
5,652
3,079
3,230
2,569
3,495
2,018
0
0
116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 16 of 142
Total
95,826
465,623
562,647
437,214
188,900
64,984
14,319
1,829,513
Page 49 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 17 of 142
Page 50 of 532 Pages
SCREENING ITEMS
19)
BSTART
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1
Q.1.a
1a.
1a.
1a.
2003
1a.
2004
1a.
2005
1a.
2006
1a.
2007
1a.
2008
1a.
2009
1a.
2010
1.1a
2011
1A1
2012
1A1.
GEM SCREEN: YES, AUTONOMOUS START-UP
Are you, alone or with others, now trying to start a business?
Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any type of self-employment?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any type of self-employment?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
Page 18 of 142
Page 51 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4,709
9,768
42,776
70,948 109,156
95,994 137,041 111,070
303
651
3,200
5,402
7,028
6,593
8,148
7,121
0
0
270
460
362
186
0
0
6
1
102
0
196
105
0
0
0
0
15
9
34
0
0
0
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
161,149 144,764 123,246 169,005 162,877 148,226 176,561
9,881
9,911
11,062
13,527
20,869
22,441
30,342
331
339
300
346
233
427
493
270
168
333
163
111
139
184
0
1
49
33
12
64
2
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 19 of 142
Total
1,667,290
156,479
3,747
1,778
219
1,829,513
Page 52 of 532 Pages
20)
BJOBST
1998
2
1999
1b.
2000
1b.
2001
1b.
2002
1b.
2003
1b.
2004
1b.
2005
1b.
2006
1b.
2007
1b.
2008
1b.
2009
1b.
2010
1b.
2011
1A2
GEM SCREEN: YES, JOB INVOLVES BUSS START-UP
Are you, alone or with others, now trying to start a new business or new venture for your employer? An effort that is part of
your normal work.
You are, alone or with others, truing to start a new business or a new venture with your employer – an effort that is part of
your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, truing to start a new business or a new venture with your employer – an effort that is part of
your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer – an effort that is
part of your normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer as part of your
normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer as part of your
normal work?
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer as part of your
normal work?
Page 20 of 142
Page 53 of 532 Pages
2012
1A2.
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer as part of your
normal work?
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
4,774
238
0
6
0
5,018
1999
9,917
493
0
10
0
10,420
2000
44,375
1,643
231
104
10
46,363
2001
74,097
2,215
499
0
8
76,819
2002
113,101
3,182
295
198
0
116,776
2003
99,641
2,945
167
125
0
102,878
2004
142,106
3,083
0
0
0
145,189
2005
114,948
3,243
0
0
0
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
166,846
4,132
356
296
1
171,631
2007
150,219
4,386
394
184
0
155,183
2008
129,699
4,500
356
386
49
134,990
2009
177,634
4,859
323
226
32
183,074
2010
175,676
7,830
415
165
16
184,102
2011
161,446
9,008
555
209
79
171,297
2012
195,717
11,077
552,234
2
207,582
2013
Page 21 of 142
Total
1,760,196
62,834
4,143
2,143
197
1,829,513
Page 54 of 532 Pages
21)
OWNMGE
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
3
1c.
1c.
1c.
1c.
2003
1c.
2004
1c.
2005
1c.
2006
1c.
2007
1c.
2008
1c.
2009
1c.
2010
1c.
2011
2A.
2012
2A.
GEM SCREEN: YES, OWNS, MANAGES A BUSINESS
Are you, alone or with others, the owner of a company you help manage?
You are, alone or with others, the owner of a company you help manage?
You are, alone or with others, the owner of a company you help manage?
You are, alone or with others, the owner of a company you help manage?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a business you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or
services to others?
Page 22 of 142
Page 55 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
4,468
519
0
31
0
5,018
1999
9,040
1,374
0
6
0
10,420
2000
41,509
4,550
185
11
8
46,363
2001
69,202
7,138
473
0
6
76,819
2002
103,600
12,765
215
196
0
116,776
2003
90,387
12,272
110
109
0
102,878
2004
128,850
16,339
0
0
0
145,189
2005
103,753
14,438
0
0
0
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
150,266
20,776
257
332
0
171,631
2007
134,530
20,150
274
229
0
155,183
2008
114,849
19,445
243
402
51
134,990
2009
158,139
24,483
158
217
77
183,074
2010
151,229
32,473
149
220
31
184,102
2011
143,253
27,193
181
147
523
171,297
2012
169,872
37,113
302
291
4
207,582
2013
Page 23 of 142
Total
1,572,947
251,028
2,547
2,219
700
1,829,513
Page 56 of 532 Pages
22)
BUSANG
1998
4
1999
1d.
2000
1d.
2001
1d.
2002
1d.
2003
1d.
2004
1d.
2005
1d.
2006
1d.
2007
1d.
2008
1d.
2009
1d.
2010
1d.
2011
4A.
GEM SCREEN: YES, BUSS ANGEL IN PAST 3 YEARS
In the past three years, have you personally provided funds for a new business start that was not your own? This would not
include buying shares in a stock or mutual fund.
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else? This would not
include buying publicly traded shares or mutual funds.
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else? This would not
include buying publicly traded shares or mutual funds.
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else – this would not
include buying publicly traded shares or mutual funds.
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
Page 24 of 142
Page 57 of 532 Pages
2012
4A.
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any
purchases of stocks or mutual funds?
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
4,811
199
0
8
0
5,018
1999
10,058
360
0
2
0
10,420
2000
44,855
1,191
176
133
8
46,363
2001
74,460
1,842
510
0
7
76,819
2002
113,293
3,055
207
221
0
116,776
2003
99,771
2,900
85
120
2
102,878
2004
141,281
3,908
0
0
0
145,189
2005
114,734
3,457
0
0
0
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
166,233
4,736
261
398
3
171,631
2007
149,627
5,064
230
262
0
155,183
2008
129,281
5,147
164
349
49
134,990
2009
176,837
5,743
195
272
27
183,074
2010
172,806
10,688
202
364
42
184,102
2011
161,400
8,737
168
653
339
171,297
2012
195,378
11,433
214
555
2
207,582
2013
Page 25 of 142
Total
1,754,825
68,460
2,412
3,337
479
1,829,513
Page 58 of 532 Pages
23)
OPPORT
1999
2000
9
1i.
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1h.
1f.
1h.
1h.
1h.
1h.
1h.
1h.
1h.
1h.
i2.
i2.
GEM SCREEN: YES, GOOD OPPORT FOR BUSS IN NEXT SIX MONTHS
In the next six months, do you think good opportunities for starting a new business will develop where you live?
You think that in the next six months good opportunities will have developed for starting a new business in your
community?
In the next six months good opportunities will have developed for starting a business in the area where you live
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months there will be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months will there be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months will there be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
In the next six months will there be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
Page 26 of 142
Page 59 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/NR/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
3,342
1,381
0
295
0
5,018
1999
7,971
2,315
0
87
47
10,420
2000
19,502
10,483
7,117
482
8,779
46,363
2001
46,357
17,858
12,371
0
233
76,819
2002
72,403
26,016
18,000
357
0
116,776
2003
37,924
20,191
11,212
0
33,551
102,878
2004
58,968
36,183
0
14,563
35,475
145,189
2005
38,819
23,964
0
12,830
42,578
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
DK/NR/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
64,443
42,494
24,203
415
40,076
171,631
2007
56,058
39,240
22,699
497
36,689
155,183
2008
53,245
31,092
19,634
406
30,613
134,990
2009
76,540
35,764
18,787
343
51,640
183,074
2010
93,367
61,798
25,387
1,203
2,347
184,102
2011
89,771
56,990
24,246
278,12
12
171,297
2012
108,816
72,674
25,878
208
6
207,582
2013
Page 27 of 142
Total
827,526
478,443
209,534
31,964
282,046
1,829,513
Page 60 of 532 Pages
19)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
KNOWENT GEM SCREEN: YES, KNOW ENTRE IN PAST 2 YEARS
1e.
1e.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
1g.
i1.
i1.
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
Page 28 of 142
Page 61 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
23,333
13,002
558
873
8,597
46,363
2001
51,229
24,279
1,302
0
9
76,819
2002
77,875
36,780
1,917
204
0
116,776
2003
42,458
26,160
788
0
33,472
102,878
2004
66,786
42,361
0
1,071
34,971
145,189
2005
45,234
29,328
0
1,060
42,569
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
80,775
48,491
2,004
313
40,048
171,631
2007
72,042
44,325
1,838
299
36,679
155,183
2008
58,854
43,761
1,809
267
30,299
134,990
2009
79,728
49,815
1,933
164
51,434
183,074
2010
109,493
70,985
2,702
232
690
184,102
2011
112,532
56,796
1,880
76
13
171,297
2012
130,801
74,525
2,188
65
3
207,582
2013
Page 29 of 142
Total
951,140
560,608
18,919
4,624
294,222
1,829,513
Page 62 of 532 Pages
19)
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
SUSKILL
1g.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
1i.
i3.
i3.
GEM SCREEN: YES, R HAS SKILL, ABILITY 4 START-UP
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
You have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
Do you have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
Do you have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
Do you have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
Page 30 of 142
Page 63 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
63,667
62,623
4,794
475
40,072
171,631
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
45,379
27,694
3,700
0
46
76,819
2002
69,047
43,669
3,724
336
0
116,776
2003
34,765
32,229
2,301
0
33,583
102,878
2004
56,675
50,061
0
3,176
35,277
145,189
2005
36,236
36,673
0
2,707
42,575
118,191
2007
55,980
57,163
4,800
545
36,695
155,183
2008
46,306
53,268
4,550
434
30,432
134,990
2009
57,943
68,903
4,420
360
51,448
183,074
2010
82,408
94,272
6,004
459
959
184,102
2011
86,044
79,679
5,252
303
19
171,297
2012
100,570
101,282
5,476
249
5
207,582
2013
Page 31 of 142
Total
735,020
707,516
45,021
9,044
332,912
1,829,513
Page 64 of 532 Pages
26)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
FEARFAIL
1i.
1h.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
1j.
i4.
i4.
GEM SCREEN: YES, FAILURE FEAR WOULD PREVENT START-UP
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Fear of failure would prevent you from starting a business?
Would fear of failure prevent you from starting a business?
Would fear of failure prevent you from starting a business?
Would fear of failure prevent you from starting a business?
Page 32 of 142
Page 65 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
22,421
12,574
2,504
245
8,619
46,363
2001
47,877
24,064
4,836
1
41
76,819
2002
76,040
35,640
4,482
614
0
116,776
2003
45,218
21,731
2,286
0
33,643
102,878
2004
67,659
38,992
0
3,247
35,291
145,189
2005
47,817
25,250
0
2,551
42,573
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
80,287
45,922
4,673
658
40,091
171,631
2007
71,774
41,598
4,415
698
36,698
155,183
2008
61,054
38,693
4,242
586
30,415
134,990
2009
79,057
47,753
4,347
417
51,500
183,074
2010
111,337
64,873
6,230
714
948
184,102
2011
97,075
67,426
6,329
440
27
171,297
2012
120,437
80,266
6,488
384
7
207,582
2013
Page 33 of 142
Total
928,053
544,782
50,832
10,555
295,291
1,829,513
Page 66 of 532 Pages
27)
FUTSUP
2002
1e.
2003
1e.
2004
1e.
2005
1e.
2006
1e.
2007
1e.
2008
1e.
2009
1e.
2010
1e.
2011
3A.
2012
3A.
GEM SCREEN: YES, EXPECTS TO START BUSS IN 3 YEARS
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
You are, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
Are you, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
Are you, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
Are you, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next
three years?
Page 34 of 142
Page 67 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
147,758
19,179
4,304
380
10
171,631
2007
131,735
19,071
4,071
306
0
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
98,380
11,565
3,016
226
3,498
116,776
2003
87,910
11,983
2,869
0
116
102,878
2004
123,105
16,368
0
3,668
2,048
145,189
2005
102,621
12,207
0
3,348
15
118,191
2008
109,505
20,274
4,780
382
49
134,990
2009
152,088
25,983
4,582
298
123
183,074
2010
140,526
36,702
6,263
437
174
184,102
2011
129,585
35,243
5,581
312
576
171,297
2012
141,052
47,929
7,110
281
11,210
207,582
2013
Page 35 of 142
Total
1,364,265
256,595
42,576
9,638
156,439
1,829,513
Page 68 of 532 Pages
28)
DISCENT
2002
1f.
2003
2004
1f.
1f.
2005
1f.
2006
1f.
2007
1f.
2008
1f.
2009
1f.
2010
1f.
2011
3B.
2012
3B.
GEM SCREEN: YES, SHUT DOWN BUSS IN PAST 12 MONTHS
You have, in the past 12 months, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of selfemployed, or selling goods or services to anyone. Do not count a business that was sold?
You have, in the past 12 months, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form?
You have, in the past 12 months, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of selfemployed, or selling goods or services to anyone. Do not count a business that was sold?
You have, in the past 12 months, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of selfemployed, or selling goods or services to anyone. Do not count a business that was sold?
You have, in the past 12 months, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of selfemployed, or selling goods or services to anyone. Do not count a business that was sold?
You have, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
You have, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
You have, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
Have you, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
Have you, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
Have you, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of
self-employed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
Page 36 of 142
Page 69 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
166,371
4,487
393
371
9
171,631
2007
150,172
4,331
319
361
0
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
109,676
3,137
243
222
3,498
116,776
2003
99,314
3,307
116
0
141
102,878
2004
138,578
4,213
0
347
2,051
145,189
2005
114,849
3,003
0
324
15
118,191
2008
129,216
5,158
188
377
51
134,990
2009
176,239
6,367
155
259
54
183,074
2010
172,175
8,142
452
1,490
1,843
184,102
2011
159,589
5,915
586
431
4,776
171,297
2012
185,717
9,824
445
370
11,226
207,582
2013
Page 37 of 142
Total
1,601,896
57,884
2,897
4,552
162,284
1,829,513
Page 70 of 532 Pages
29)
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
NBGOODC GEM SCREEN: YES, NEW BUSS GOOD CAREER CHOICE
1l.
1l.
1l.
1l.
1l.
1l.
1l.
1l.
i6.
i6.
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
Page 38 of 142
Page 71 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
42,576
71,866
13,368
504
43,317
171,631
2007
36,770
66,015
12,670
599
39,129
155,183
2008
29,266
59,490
11,025
415
34,794
134,990
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
0
0
0
0
116,776
116,776
2003
25,034
37,205
5,938
0
34,701
102,878
2004
38,443
61,376
0
7,595
37,775
145,189
2005
25,990
41,832
0
8,048
42,321
118,191
2009
41,929
75,039
10,457
321
55,328
183,074
2010
52,451
114,464
12,342
872
3,973
184,102
2011
44,466
92,628
9,763
346
24,094
171,297
2012
55,713
113,392
10,799
220
27,458
207,582
2013
Page 39 of 142
Total
392,638
733,307
86,362
18,920
598,286
1,829,513
Page 72 of 532 Pages
30)
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
NBSTATUS GEM SCREEN: YES, SUCC IN NEW BUSS IS HI STATUS
1m.
1m.
1m.
1m.
1m.
1m.
1m.
1m.
i7.
i7.
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
Page 40 of 142
Page 73 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
37,114
79,951
10,664
584
43,318
171,631
2007
32,687
72,385
10,280
699
39,132
155,183
2008
29,494
62,723
9,692
490
32,591
134,990
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
0
0
0
0
116,776
116,776
2003
21,982
40,834
5,322
0
34,740
102,878
2004
34,037
67,075
0
6,394
37,683
145,189
2005
22,953
45,988
0
6,707
42,543
118,191
2009
37,197
80,340
9,745
426
55,366
183,074
2010
47,758
120,557
11,304
848
3,635
184,102
2011
39,976
99,906
8,921
379
22,115
171,297
2012
46,680
123,727
9,468
252
27,455
207,582
2013
Page 41 of 142
Total
349,878
793,486
75,396
16,779
593,974
1,829,513
Page 74 of 532 Pages
31)
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
NBMEDIA
1n.
1n.
1n.
1n.
1n.
1n.
1n.
1n.
i8.
i8.
GEM SCREEN: YES, GOOD MEDIA COVERAGE OF NEW BUSS
In your country, you often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
Page 42 of 142
Page 75 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
53,416
67,260
7,122
504
43,329
171,631
2007
46,155
62,632
6,719
548
39,129
155,183
2008
41,747
53,541
6,632
458
32,612
134,990
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
0
0
0
0
116,776
116,776
2003
27,459
37,172
3,534
0
34,713
102,878
2004
47,605
56,545
0
5,025
36,014
145,189
2005
31,431
40,261
0
5,285
41,214
118,191
2009
55,236
63,943
8,124
383
55,388
183,074
2010
70,847
97,291
12,236
797
2,931
184,102
2011
57,488
80,430
8,913
351
24,115
171,297
2012
66,674
98,802
9,827
240
32,039
207,582
2013
Page 43 of 142
Total
498,058
657,877
63,107
13,591
596,880
1,829,513
Page 76 of 532 Pages
32)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
EQUALINC GEM SCREEN: YES, ALL SHOULD HAVE SAME INCOME
1j.
1k.
1k.
1k.
1k.
1k.
1k.
1k.
1k.
i5.
i5.
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
Page 44 of 142
Page 77 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
12,311
21,998
3,064
297
8,693
46,363
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
42,236
75,541
9,980
553
43,321
171,631
2007
33,962
71,874
9,605
626
39,116
155,183
2008
31,376
61,188
9,516
389
32,521
134,990
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
0
0
0
0
116,776
116,776
2003
23,180
40,808
4,189
0
34,701
102,878
2004
36,567
65,342
4,741
948
37,591
145,189
2005
25,184
44,227
4,656
292
43,832
118,191
2009
44,357
75,145
7,894
335
55,343
183,074
2010
59,024
111,938
9,350
607
3,183
184,102
2011
42,062
80,671
6,395
306
41,863
171,297
2012
52,344
101,365
6,003
212
47,658
207,582
2013
Page 45 of 142
Total
402,603
750,097
75,393
4,565
596,855
1,829,513
Page 78 of 532 Pages
33)
SUACTS
1999
Q2.b
2000
2a.
2001
2a.
2002
2a.
2003
2a.
2004
2a.
2005
2a.
2006
2a.
2007
2a.
START-UP: R REPORTS START-UP ACTS IN PAST YEAR
…and in the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start this new business, such as looking for equipment or a
location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan, beginning to save money, or any other activity that would
help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
Page 46 of 142
Page 79 of 532 Pages
2008
2a.
2009
2a.
2010
2a
2011
1B.
2012
1B.
Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start this new business, such as looking for equipment or a
location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan, beginning to save money, or any other activity that would
help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
You mentioned you are trying to start a new business. Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start
this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan,
beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a business?
Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start this new business, such as looking for equipment or a
location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan, beginning to save money, or any other activity that would
help launch a business?
Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start this new business, such as looking for equipment or a
location, organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan, beginning to save money, or any other activity that would
help launch a business?
Page 47 of 142
Page 80 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
506
238
12
26
9,638
10,420
2000
2,480
1,423
49
26
42,385
46,363
2001
4,339
1,992
97
1,848
68,543
76,819
2002
5,377
0
34
7,580
103,785
116,776
2003
5,490
0
41
3,003
94,344
102,878
2004
6,725
0
90
3,079
135,295
145,189
2005
5,997
0
44
2,705
109,445
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
8,825
3,062
210
116
159,418
171,631
2007
8,517
3,665
158
283
142,560
155,183
2008
8,747
4,302
145
220
121,576
134,990
2009
9,515
6,483
119
111
166,846
183,074
2010
13,257
10,027
74
230
160,514
184,102
2011
15,963
10,048
88
159
145,039
171,297
2012
19,832
14,867
117
92
172,674
207,582
2013
Page 48 of 142
Total
115,570
56,107
1,278
19,478
1,637,080
1,829,513
Page 81 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 49 of 142
Page 82 of 532 Pages
34)
SUOWN
1999
2b.
2000
2a.
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
2b.
1D1.
1D1.
START-UP: R WILL OWN PART/ALL NEW FIRM
You mentioned previously that you are trying to start a new business. Will you personally own all, part or none of this
business?
You mentioned previously that you are trying to start a new business. Will you personally own all, part or none of this
business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Page 50 of 142
Page 83 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
7
8
9
Value Label
ALL
PART
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
161
175
582
50
32
9,420
10,420
2000
742
849
835
41
14
43,882
46,363
2001
1,979
1,838
1,376
0
1,857
69,769
76,819
2002
2,192
2,084
1,553
119
3,869
106,959
116,776
2003
2,053
2,295
1,659
97
15
96,759
102,878
2004
2,625
2,764
1,951
116
35
137,698
145,189
2005
2,323
2,270
1,982
88
10
11,518
118,191
Value
1
2
7
8
9
Value Label
ALL
PART
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
3,653
3,184
2,084
187
26
162,497
171,631
2007
4,217
3,793
1,937
181
67
144,988
155,183
2008
4,624
3,807
1,932
180
85
124,362
134,990
2009
5,100
4,097
2,456
121
105
171,195
183,074
2010
7,152
4,593
3,865
103
35
168,354
184,102
2011
7,143
5,858
5,640
199
37
152,420
171,297
2012
9,473
6,723
6,674
230
42
184,440
207,582
2013
Page 51 of 142
Total
53,437
44,330
34,526
1,712
6,229
1,689,279
1,829,513
Page 84 of 532 Pages
35)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
SUOWNERS START-UP: EXPECTED NUMBER OF NEW FIRM OWNERS
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
2c.
1D2.
1D2.
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the new business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
Page 52 of 142
Page 85 of 532 Pages
Value
9997
9999
Value
9997
9998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODED/NA
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODED/NA
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
6,682
7,772
8,263
8,964
11,532
12,776
15,896
2,126
1,974
1,981
2,674
2,761
3,678
4,689
299
298
231
245
204
277
351
162,524 145,139 124,515 171,191 169,605 154,566 186,646
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,560
3,628
4,137
4,233
5,309
4,516
514
869
2,871
1,008
1,237
1,414
41
71,708
4,040
168
403
131
10,420
44,248
614 105,728
97,469 138,240 112,130
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 53 of 142
Total
95,268
27,796
78,396
1,628,053
1,829,513
Page 86 of 532 Pages
36)
SUWAGE
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2c.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2d.
2005
2d.
2006
2d.
2007
2d.
2008
2d.
2009
2d.
2010
2d.
2011
1E1.
2012
1E1.
START-UP: YES, WAGES, PROFITS PAID TO OWNERS 3+ MONTHS
Has the new business paid any full time salaries or wages, including your own, for more than three months?
Has the new business paid any full time salaries or wages, including your own, for more than three months?
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Page 54 of 142
Page 87 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
8
9
99
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
148
352
15
30
9,875
10,420
2000
492
1,564
44
16
44,247
46,363
2001
985
2,793
54
1,846
71,141
76,819
2002
1,022
7,954
81
58
108,021
116,776
2003
1,079
3,670
52
48
98,029
102,878
2004
1,361
4,573
312
57
138,886
145,189
2005
1,533
3,803
68
36
112,751
118,191
Value
0
1
8
9
99
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2,284
5,563
180
102
163,502
171,631
2007
2,197
5,232
139
135
147,480
155,183
2008
2,214
5,797
192
111
126,676
134,990
2009
1,991
6,700
102
136
174,145
183,074
2010
3,105
8,800
143
112
171,942
184,102
2011
4,035
9,790
97
85
157,290
171,297
2012
5,3174
12,281
121
127
189,736
207,582
2013
Page 55 of 142
Total
27,763
78,512
1,600
2,899
1,718,739
1,829,513
Page 88 of 532 Pages
SUWAGEYR START-UP: 1ST YEAR PAYMENTS TO OWNERS
37)
2002
2003
2004
2d1.
2d1.
2d1.
2005
2d1.
2006
2d1.
2007
2d1.
2008
2d1.
2009
2d1.
2010
2d1.
2011
1E2
2012
1E2.
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind? Payments in kind refer to goods or services
provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind? Payments in kind refer to goods or services
provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind? Payments in kind refer to goods or services
provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind? Payments in kind refer to goods or services
provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
Payments in kind refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
‘Payments in kind’ refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Page 56 of 142
Page 89 of 532 Pages
Value
9998
9999
Value
9998
9998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1,617
2,926
2,914
2,742
3,173
3,506
4,306
2,040
1,858
1,870
1,608
2,609
3,475
4,382
2,095
179
138
92
96
96
216
165,879 150,220 130,068 178,632 178,224 164,220 198,678
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,269
876
1,050
1,127
1,035
848
884
1,085
1,275
6,074
130
799
193
46,363
75,550 108,978 100,814 142,178 115,688
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 57 of 142
Total
26,543
21,934
10,108
1,770,928
1,829,513
Page 90 of 532 Pages
38)
SUTYPE
1999
2000
2001
2e.
2e.
2e.
2002
2e.
2003
2e.
2004
2e.
2005
2e.
2006
2e.
2007
2e.
2008
2e.
2009
2e.
2010
2e.
2011
1F.
2012
1F.
START-UP: SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
Page 58 of 142
Page 91 of 532 Pages
Value
9997
9998
9999
Value
9997
9998
9998
39)
Value
9997
9998
9998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
311
1,303
3,408
3,350
3,461
4,867
4,227
174
105
93
1,696
871
1,221
1,430
0
169
0
0
0
0
0
42
40
162
380
352
230
258
5,018
9,893
44,746
73,156 111,350
98,194 138,871 112,276
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
4,976
7,015
7,035
7,954
2,779
2,332
2,378
1,782
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
92
163,876 145,833 125,577 173,246 184,102 171,297 207,582
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Total
47,907
17,861
169
1,559
1,762,017
1,829,513
SUTYPE_10 START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
8,884
10,294
12,879
411
7
333
174,467 161,003 194,703
184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 59 of 142
Total
32,057
411
7
333
530,173
562,981
Page 92 of 532 Pages
40)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
SUTYPE1D START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
12
2000
62
2001
220
2002
180
2003
154
2004
282
2005
194
24
27
27
64
107
51
197
381
194
150
328
194
253
251
202
249
376
236
282
279
243
19
38
255
222
210
407
313
83
14
69
12
24
10,109
10,420
432
40
167
82
260
45,060
46,363
962
100
598
196
305
73,411
76,819
1,055
118
597
212
294
113,426
116,776
1,103
232
563
180
313
99,417
102,878
1,740
153
741
318
365
140,322
145,189
1,447
181
670
278
340
113,964
118,191
Page 60 of 142
Page 93 of 532 Pages
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
282
2007
491
2008
630
2009
801
2010
182
613
240
486
547
371
301
704
384
26
657
560
2,214
4,270
2,702
525
490
478
715
3,672
1,543
152
669
267
503
166,655
171,631
2,263
253
1,162
404
548
148,168
155,183
2,544
157
1,008
306
523
127,955
134,990
3,198
141
881
317
658
175,120
183,074
16,370
1,541
7,125
2,572
4,133
1,781,606
1,829,513
184,102
184,102
Page 61 of 142
2011
171,297
171,297
2012
207,582
207,582
2013
Total
3,308
Page 94 of 532 Pages
41)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
99999
SUTYPE1D_10 START-UP: SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008], 11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE, REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST, BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CANNOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2010
736
271
773
644
779
4,158
167
625
232
495
1
3
175,218
184,102
2011
555
499
1,150
784
884
3,834
259
1,036
479
784
21
9
161,003
171,297
2012
1,093
477
1,376
871
1,226
5,142
284
993
475
913
18
11
194,703
207,582
2013
Page 62 of 142
Total
2,384
1,247
3,299
2,299
2,889
13,134
710
2,654
1,186
2,192
40
23
530,924
562,981
Page 95 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 63 of 142
Page 96 of 532 Pages
41)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
SUNEWCST START-UP: PROD/SERV NEW TO CUSTOMERS
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
2e1.
1G1.
1G1.
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Page 64 of 142
Page 97 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
NEW TO ALL
NEW TO SOME
NOT NEW TO ANY
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
NEW To ALL
NEW TO SOME
NOT NEW TO ANY
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
1,204
2,182
3,171
2,141
336
60
162,537
171,631
2007
1,230
2,328
3,891
2,009
327
73
145,325
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
666
1,189
2,389
5,055
0
0
107,477
116,776
2003
663
1,224
2,459
1,110
0
0
97,432
102,878
2004
947
1,727
2,612
1,562
0
0
138,341
145,189
2005
653
1,338
2,590
1,504
0
0
112,106
118,191
2008
1,448
2,306
4,109
2,096
427
101
124,503
134,990
2009
1,757
2,600
4,276
1,833
504
40
172,064
183,074
2010
2,132
3,039
5,931
2,791
453
35
169,721
184,102
2011
2,618
3,856
5,773
3,606
584
68
154,792
171,297
2012
2,843
4,304
8,396
4,675
578
53
186,733
207,582
2013
Page 65 of 142
Total
16,161
26,093
45,597
28,372
3,209
430
1,709,651
1,829,513
Page 98 of 532 Pages
42)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
SUCOMPET START-UP: EXPECTED LEVEL OF COMPETITION
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
2e2.
1G2.
1G2.
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Page 66 of 142
Page 99 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
MANY COMPETITORS
SOME COMPETOTORS
NO COMPETITORS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
Value Label
MANY COMPETITORS
SOME COMPETITORS
NO COMPETITORS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
0
0
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
1,984
1,731
534
5,050
0
0
107,477
116,776
2003
2,097
1,709
541
1,100
0
0
97,431
102,878
2004
2,610
2,086
685
1,599
0
0
138,209
145,189
2005
2,227
1,798
555
2,194
0
0
112,111
118,191
2006
3,203
2,643
795
2,194
221
48
162,527
171,631
2007
3,994
2,938
774
2,073
134
65
145,205
155,183
2008
4,180
3,090
858
2,154
203
63
124,442
134,990
2009
4,410
3,484
1,047
1,934
197
24
171,978
183,074
2010
5,910
4,212
1,292
2,839
245
36
169,568
184,102
2011
6,425
4,842
1,273
3,697
293
40
154,727
171,297
2012
8,413
5,883
1,539
4,780
332
41
186,594
207,582
2013
Page 67 of 142
Total
45,453
34,416
9,893
28,920
1,625
317
1,708,889
1,8296,513
Page 100 of 532 Pages
44)
SUNEWTEC START-UP: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YEAR AGO? (UP TO 2004)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2e1.
2e3.
2e3.
2e3.
2006
2e3.
2007
2e3.
2008
2e3.
2009
2e3.
2010
2e3.
2011
1G3.
2012
1G3.
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Were the technologies or procedures required for this product or service generally available more than a year ago?
Were the technologies or procedures required for this product or service generally available more than a year ago?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Note: As can be seen above, the response categories were expanded in 2005. Responses after 2004 were recoded to be consistent with the
earlier years and responses are provided separately for those after 2004.
Page 68 of 142
Page 101 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
7
9
99
Value Label
NO/NONE
YES
Not Applicable
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
1
8
9
99
Value Label
NO
YES
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
894
5,262
2,046
163,315
114
171,631
2007
853
6,304
1,980
145,701
345
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
572
3,529
5,018
0
107,657
116,776
2003
577
3,770
1,097
0
97,434
102,878
2004
922
4,460
1,599
0
138,208
145,189
2005
1,012
3,568
1,499
112,106
6
118,191
2008
1,067
6,225
1,995
125,272
431
134,990
2009
1,198
6,997
1,813
172,764
302
183,074
2010
1,626
8,869
2,677
170,606
324
184,102
2011
1,688
9,918
3,564
155,551
576
171,297
2012
2,094
12,656
4,464
187,960
408
207,582
2013
Page 69 of 142
Total
12,503
71,558
27,752
1,233,275
484,425
1,829,513
Page 102 of 532 Pages
45)
SUNEWT_5 START-UP: WHEN TECH AVAILABLE (2005 ON)
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
LESS THAN A YEAR
ONE TO 5 YEARS
MORE THAN 5 YEARS
NOT APPLICABLE
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
LESS THAN A YEAR
ONE TO 5 YEARS
MORE THAN 5 YEARS
NOT APPLICABLE
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2002
2003
2004
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
46,363
46,363
76,819
76,819
116,776
116,776
102,878
102,878
145,189
145,189
2006
894
1,297
3,965
2,046
685
134
162,610
171,631
2007
853
1,411
4,893
1,980
480
117
145,449
155,183
2008
1,067
1,569
4,651
1,993
811
101
124,798
134,990
2009
1,198
1,760
5,2237
1,813
732
125
172,209
183,074
2010
1,626
1,925
6,944
2,677
997
131
169,802
184,102
2011
1,688
2,445
7,463
3,563
928
116
155,094
171,297
2012
2,094
2,646
10,010
4,464
1,268
195
186,905
207,582
Page 70 of 142
2005
1,012
830
2,738
1,499
0
0
112,112
118,191
2013
Total
10,432
13,883
45,901
20,035
5,901
919
1,732,442
1,829,513
Page 103 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 71 of 142
Page 104 of 532 Pages
46)
SUEXPORT START-UP: % CUSTOMERS LIVE ABROAD
2002
2e4.
2003
2e4.
2004
2e4.
2005
2e4.
2006
2e4.
2007
2e4.
2008
2e4.
2009
2e4.
2010
2e4.
2011
1G4.
2012
1G4.
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, or less than 25%?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, or less than 25%?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
Page 72 of 142
Page 105 of 532 Pages
Value
0
125
2650
5175
7690
91100
99997
99999
999999
Value Label
NONE
1-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-90%
91-100%
Not Applicable
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
125
2650
5175
7690
91100
99997
99999
999999
Value Label
NONE
1-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-90%
91-100%
Not Applicable
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
4,818
308
320
343
165
251
2,044
769
162,613
171,631
2007
5,644
383
340
343
156
243
19,49
765
145,360
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
2,038
1,137
169
176
78
164
1,057
4,221
107,736
116,776
2003
3,180
215
202
180
83
178
1,028
330
97,482
102,878
2004
3,805
232
274
260
132
192
1,260
756
138,278
145,189
2005
3,198
209
217
232
109
188
1,383
475
112,180
118,191
2008
5.569
464
414
385
184
248
2,009
1,004
124,713
134,990
2009
6,569
460
448
386
175
227
1,803
896
172,110
183,074
2010
8,635
603
439
402
185
279
2,720
1,122
169,717
184,102
2011
9,687
735
530
423
246
388
3,559
987
154,742
171,297
2012
11,121
845
698
648
325
442
4,285
2,201
187,017
207,582
2013
Page 73 of 142
Total
64,264
5,591
4,051
3,778
1,838
2,7800
23,097
13,526
1,710,568
1,829,513
Page 106 of 532 Pages
47)
SUNOWJOB START-UP: NUMBER JOBS NOW
2002
2f1.
2003
2f1.
2004
2f1.
2005
2f1.
2006
2f1.
2007
2f1.
2008
2f1.
2009
2f1.
2010
2f1.
Right now, how many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners, but including all subcontractors? By
subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working exclusively for this business and not working for others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not including the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business and not working for others as well.
Page 74 of 142
Page 107 of 532 Pages
2011
1H1.
2012
1H1.
Value
9999997
9999999
Value
9999997
9999998
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business and not working for others as well.
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business and not working for others as well.
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1,548
2,672
2,454
2,787
3,416
2,747
3,872
1,821
1,755
1,837
1,563
2,585
3,428
4,291
476
237
223
270
287
330
509
167,786 150,519 130,476 178,454 177,814 164,792 198,910
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,053
984
1,001
1,733
1,411
6,677
910
1,145
1,326
240
134
424
152
46,363
75,766 108,875 100,833 141,887 115,302
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 75 of 142
Total
25,678
27,338
3,282
1,773,215
1,829,513
Page 108 of 532 Pages
48)
SUYR5JOB START-UP: NUMBER JOBS 5 YRS POST-BIRTH
2000
2f.
2001
2f2.
2002
2f2.
2003
2f2.
2004
2f2.
2005
2f2.
2006
2f2.
2007
2f2.
2008
2f2.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working exclusively for this business, and not working for others
as well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working exclusively for this business, and not working for others
as well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
Page 76 of 142
Page 109 of 532 Pages
2009
2f2.
2010
2f2.
2011
1H2.
2012
1H2.
Value
9999997
9999999
Value
9999997
9999998
How many people will be working for this business, not counting the owners but including all subcontractors, when it is five
years old? By subcontractors we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as
well.
Not counting the owners, how many people will be working for this business five years from now? Please include all
exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well.
Not counting the owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business
five years from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business,
and not working for others as well.
Not counting the owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business
five years from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business,
and not working for others as well.
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
283
1,186
2,863
3,115
3,515
4,371
3,725
158
37
1,858
6,710
864
2,959
1,314
9
377
2,248
1,107
820
1,166
833
5,018
9,970
44,763
69,850 105,844
97,679 136,693 112,319
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
5,363
6,280
6,301
7,360
9,120
9,997
12,726
1,738
1,715
1,756
1,604
2,267
3,203
3,896
1,546
1,028
1,399
1,456
2,080
2,351
3,351
162,984 146,160 125,534 172,654 170,635 155,746 187,609
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 77 of 142
Total
76,205
30,079
19,771
1,703,458
1,829,513
Page 110 of 532 Pages
49)
SUREASON START-UP: REASON R IS INVOLVED
2001
2g.
2002
2g.
2003
2g.
2004
2g.
2005
2g.
2006
2g.
2007
2g.
2008
2g.
2009
2g.
2010
2g.
2011
1K1.
2012
1K1.
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choice for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choice for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choice for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for
work?
Page 78 of 142
Page 111 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
99
Value Label
EXPLOIT BUS OPP
BEST WORK CHOICE
WK CHOICE & OPP
JOB & BETTER OPP
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
Value
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
99
Value Label
EXPLOIT BUS OPP
BEST WORK CHOICE
WK CHOICE & OPP
JOB & BETTER OPP
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
46,363
46,363
2001
2,107
958
389
135
0
108
56
1,797
71,269
76,819
2002
2,445
904
438
197
5
1,201
0
4,025
107,561
116,776
2003
2,658
863
439
191
0
1,067
8
120
97,532
102,878
2004
3,135
1,174
618
285
0
1,319
12
361
138,285
145,189
2005
2,696
919
547
207
0
1,492
0
102
112,228
118,191
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
2006
3,836
1,338
779
444
0
2,326
143
94
162,671
171,631
2007
4,031
1,596
892
494
0
1,976
462
97
145,635
155,183
2008
4,031
2,094
1,035
492
0
2,078
415
101
124,744
134,990
2009
4,225
2,461
993
818
0
2,195
137
44
172,201
183,074
2010
5,440
3,181
1,339
906
0
3,163
74
43
169,956
184,102
2011
5,914
3,408
1,304
1,365
2012
7,748
4,129
1,781
1,468
2013
4,107
134
61
155,004
171,297
5,168
165
73
187,050
207,582
Page 79 of 142
Total
48,266
23,025
10,554
7,002
5
26,200
1,606
6,918
1,705,937
1,829,513
Page 112 of 532 Pages
50)
SUOPTYPE START-UP: NATURE OF BUSS OPPORTUNITY
2005
2gi.
2006
2gi.
2007
2gi.
2008
2gi.
2009
2gi.
2010
2gi.
2011
1K2.
2012
1K2.
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which one of the following, do you feel, is the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater independence,
Increase personal income, just to maintain income, none of these.
Which one of the following, do you feel, is the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater independence,
Increase personal income, just to maintain income, none of these.
Page 80 of 142
Page 113 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
99
Value Label
INDEPENDENCE
INCREASE INCOME
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
99
Value Label
INDEPENDENCE
INCREASE INCOME
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2002
2003
2004
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
46,363
46,363
76,819
76,819
116,776
116,776
102,878
102,878
145,189
145,189
2006
1,962
1,664
372
168
0
1,499
95
117
165,754
171,631
2007
1,915
1,566
358
181
0
1,157
38
148
149,820
155,183
2008
1,697
1,730
428
117
0
1,178
32
47
129,761
134,990
2009
2,062
2,306
561
204
0
1,255
69
19
176,598
183,074
2010
2,501
3,248
865
177
0
1,741
34
10
175,526
184,102
2011
3,101
3,083
860
245
2012
3,818
4,403
920
287
2,411
154
23
161,420
171,297
2,983
62
23
195,086
207,582
Page 81 of 142
2005
1,449
1,005
283
60
2
1,031
0
79
114,282
118,191
2013
Total
18,505
19,005
4,647
1,439
2
13,255
484
466
1,771,710
1,829,513
Page 114 of 532 Pages
51)
SUMONTOT START-UP: TOTAL MONEY REQUIRED, NATIONAL CURRENCY
2002
2h1.
2003
2h1.
2004
2h1.
2005
2h1.
2006
2h1.
2007
2h1.
2008
2h1.
2009
2h1.
2010
2h1.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
How much money, in total, will be required to start this new business? Please include both loans and equity/ownership
investments.
Page 82 of 142
Page 115 of 532 Pages
Value
99999999999
Value
99999999999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
46,363
46,363
2002
2003
2004
2005
3,462
3,970
5,031
4,478
6,957
833
1,253
814
76,819 106,357
98,075 138,905 112,899
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
6,811
6,245
6,721
7,048
12,224
904
5,064
1,129
1,259
1,786
1,690
242
159,756 147,809 127,010 174,242 172,188 171,297 206,678
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 83 of 142
Total
54,892
21,027
1,753,594
1,829,513
Page 116 of 532 Pages
52)
SUMONOWN START-UP: TOTAL MONEY R INVESTED, NATIONAL CURRENCY
2002
2h2.
2003
2h2.
2004
2h2.
2005
2h2.
2006
2h2.
2007
2h2.
2008
2h2.
2009
2h2.
2010
2h2.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
How much of your own money, in total, do you expect to provide to this new business? Please include both loans and
equity/ ownership investments.
Page 84 of 142
Page 117 of 532 Pages
Value
99999999999
Value
99999999999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
46,363
46,363
2002
2003
2004
2005
3,188
3,716
4,764
4,191
7,229
1,080
1,442
1,083
76,919 105,844
98,098 138,983 112,917
76,819 106,359 102,878 145,189 118,191
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
3,883
2,864
3,028
3,093
4,095
594
4,737
787
820
969
1,051
205
163,011 151,532 131,142 179,012 178,956 171,297 206,783
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
Page 85 of 142
Total
33,415
19,403
1,776,695
1,829,513
Page 118 of 532 Pages
53)
OMOWN
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
3a.
3a.
3a.
3a.
3a.
2005
3a.
2006
3a.
2007
3a.
2008
3a.
2009
3a.
2010
3a.
OWN-MANAGE: R OWNS PART/ALL OF FIRM
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. If you
personally share in the profits of selling any goods or services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all,
part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. If you
personally share in the profits of selling any goods or services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all,
part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. If you
personally share in the profits of selling any goods or services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all,
part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. If you
personally share in the profits of selling any goods or services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all,
part, or none of this business?
You said you were the owner and manager of a company. Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. If you
personally share in the profits of selling any goods or services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all,
part, or none of this business?
Perhaps we were not clear on what we mean with a “business”. If you personally share in the profits of selling any goods or
services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Perhaps we were not clear on what we mean with a “business”. If you personally share in the profits of selling any goods or
services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Page 86 of 142
Page 119 of 532 Pages
2011
2D1.
2012
2D1.
Perhaps we were not clear on what we mean with a “business”. If you personally share in the profits of selling any goods or
services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Perhaps we were not clear on what we mean with a “business”. If you personally share in the profits of selling any goods or
services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
ALL
PART
NONE
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
ALL
PART
NONE
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
11,912
6,689
0
3,223
104
128
149,575
171,631
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
1,756
1,107
0
1,330
35
52
42,083
46,363
2001
3,052
2,041
0
2,164
0
69,562
0
76,819
2002
5,965
3,387
33
7,335
91
128
99,837
116,776
2003
5,436
3,586
0
3,554
107
88
90,107
102,878
2004
7,835
4,674
0
4,106
145
126
128,303
145,189
2005
7,042
4,154
0
3,625
55
81
103,234
118,191
2007
9,148
5,427
0
4,811
111
259
135,427
155,183
2008
9,101
4,932
0
4,931
72
76
115,878
134,990
2009
12,965
5,776
8
4,900
55
70
159,300
183,074
2010
16,950
6,569
1
5,891
49
71
154,571
184,102
2011
12,271
5,563
0
6,864
118
67
146,414
171,297
2012
19,122
7,273
0
7,738
128
69
173,252
207,582
2013
Page 87 of 142
Total
122,555
61,178
42
60,472
1,070
70,777
1,513,419
1,829,513
Page 120 of 532 Pages
54)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
OMOWNERS OWN-MANAGE: NUMBER OF FIRM OWNERS
Q.3B
Q.3b
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
3b.
2D2.
2D2.
How many people, including yourself own and manage this new business?
How many people will own and manage the business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people both own and manage this business?
How many people, including yourself, both own and manage this business?
How many people, including yourself, both own and manage this business?
How many people, including yourself, both own and manage this business?
Page 88 of 142
Page 121 of 532 Pages
Value
9997
9999
99999
Value
9997
9999
99999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
18,415
14,464
13,948
18,640
23,354
17,673
26,252
1,369
3,126
3,429
2,834
3,348
4,135
4,094
296
274
237
202
203
317
340
151,551 137,319 117,365 161,398 157,197 149,172 176,896
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2,836
4,818
9,254
8,951
12,451
11,104
884
1,325
4,138
2,048
2,609
2,257
50
70,675
3,930
126
385
135
10,420
42,593
1
99,454
91,753 129,744 104,695
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 89 of 142
Total
182,160
35,596
77,170
1,534,587
1,8296,513
Page 122 of 532 Pages
OMWAGEYR OWN-MANAGE: 1ST YR PAYMENTS TO OWNERS
55)
2001
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Q.3C
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
3c.
2E2.
2E2.
What was the first year the owners received wages or profits?
What was the first year the owners received wages profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the owners received wages, profits, or payments in kind?
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?‘
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
Page 90 of 142
Page 123 of 532 Pages
Value
9999
Value
9999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
20,098
17,460
16,849
21,287
26,409
21,294
30,208
0
726
882
570
581
500
567
151,533 136,997 117,259 161,217 157,112 149,548 176,807
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
3,191
6,378
10,563
10,054
13,515
12,162
953
69,625
7,283
1,126
1,873
1,360
10,420
42,219
816
98,930
91,698 129,801 104,669
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 91 of 142
Total
184,060
86,046
1,559,407
1,829,513
Page 124 of 532 Pages
56)
OMTYPE
2000
2001
2002
3d.
3d.
3d.
2003
3d.
2004
3d.
2005
3d.
2006
3d.
2007
3d.
2008
3d.
2009
3d.
2010
3d.
2011
2F.
2012
2F.
OWN-MANAGE: SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
What kind of business is this? What is it selling?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What is it selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book
yellow pages?
Page 92 of 142
Page 125 of 532 Pages
Value
9999
Value
9999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
16,618
17,003
15,710
19,012
0
4
0
172
155,013 138,176 119,280 163,890 184,102 171,297 207,582
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,029
5,759
11,071
9,392
14,097
12,827
17
180
551
745
435
533
10,420
45,317
70,880 105,154
92,741 130,657 104,831
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 93 of 142
Total
122,518
2,637
1,704,358
1,829,513
Page 126 of 532 Pages
57)
Value
9997
9998
9999
58)
Value
9997
9998
9999
BBTYPE_10 OWN-MANAGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2010
2011
2012
2013
6,069
4,227
7,135
6
1
2
1
18
1,190
1,212
1,541
176,835 165,857 198,887
184,102 171,297 207,582
Total
17,431
7
21
3,943
541,579
562,981
EBTYPE_10 OWN-MANAGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2010
2011
2012
2013
12,916
10,341
14,356
16
59
2
4
8
33
249
239
273
170,917 160,650 192,918
184,102 171,297 207,582
Total
Page 94 of 142
37,613
77
45
761
524,485
562,981
Page 127 of 532 Pages
59)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
99999
OMTYPE1D OWN-MANAGE: SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990], 11 CAT, B4 2010
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT,
FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC
SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
CAN NOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
41
443
650
650
1,256
774
64
64
47
318
530
247
646
786
437
929
629
400
1,268
963
638
1,110
747
644
24
372
644
490
1,054
642
283
31
70
888
150
794
1,761
271
1,410
1,824
413
1,349
2,843
373
1,920
3,004
430
1,868
39
159
217
330
419
530
72,530
76,819
109,222
116,776
692
743
1
133,438
145,129
679
792
45,541
46,363
438
535
1
95,220
102,878
Page 95 of 142
107,501
118,191
Page 128 of 532 Pages
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
99999
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT,
FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC
SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
CAN NOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Total
1,379
1,042
1,168
1,908
9,311
672
1,716
715
1,241
1,107
759
801
1,347
770
53
1,541
1,350
7,102
9,430
6,007
1,423
992
827
2,074
8,542
3,980
319
1,718
3.402
443
2,266
3,694
336
1,883
5,499
321
1,774
27,178
3,087
15,052
596
1,170
675
839
644
1,266
157,943
171,631
142,417
155,183
585
875
1
122,703
134,990
4,984
7,239
3
1,731,578
1,829,513
166,644
183,074
184,102
184,102
Page 96 of 142
171,297
171,297
207,582
207,582
Page 129 of 532 Pages
60)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
99999
BBTYPE1D_10 OWN-MANAGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008], 11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
CAN NOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2010
373
2011
177
2012
471
270
48/6
595
283
420
352
325
720
495
878
1,626
1,442
321
349
511
1,181
2,776
120
584
164
378
1,447
137
473
218
363
3,019
148
625
249
563
7,242
405
1,682
631
1,304
2
8
2
167,068
171,297
9
19
2
545,548
562,981
178,033
184,102
2013
200,447
207,582
Page 97 of 142
Total
1,021
Page 130 of 532 Pages
61)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
99999
EBTYPE1D_10 OWN-MANAGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008], 11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
CANNOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2010
1,515
2011
1,021
2012
1,717
2013
Total
4,253
914
1,228
1,109
997
1,167
857
1,028
1,738
903
2,939
4,133
2,869
799
812
1,179
2,790
4,370
287
1,434
459
795
2,532
350
1,298
534
748
4,315
356
1,457
601
1,050
11,217
993
4,189
1,594
2,593
3
3
171,186
184,102
18
7
160,956
171,297
6
6
193,226
207,582
27
16
525,368
562,981
Page 98 of 142
Page 131 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 99 of 142
Page 132 of 532 Pages
62)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
OMNEWCST OWN-MANAGE: PROD/SERV NEW TO CUSTOMERS
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
3d1.
2G1.
2G1.
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Page 100 of 142
Page 133 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
NEW TO ALL
NEW TO SOME
NOT NEW TO ANY
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
NEW TO ALL
NEW TO SOME
NOT NEW TO ANY
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
76,819
76,819
2002
929
1,935
6,531
6,652
0
0
100,729
116,776
2003
2,385
1,798
6,358
2,220
0
0
91,643
102,878
2004
1,355
2,734
8,375
2,827
0
0
129,898
145,189
2005
1,095
2,415
7,697
2,383
0
0
104,601
118,191
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
42,083
46,363
2006
2,385
4,234
11,199
1,423
731
218
151,441
171,631
2007
1,708
3,413
8,996
3,001
829
166
137,070
155,183
2008
1,842
3,175
8,607
3,417
558
133
117,258
134,990
2009
2,044
3,794
12,254
2,911
670
106
161,295
183,074
2010
2,773
4,166
15,907
3,236
853
133
157,034
184,102
2011
2,645
4,390
10,163
3,8752
769
117
149,341
171,297
2012
3,144
4,774
17,896
4,062
723
97
176,886
207,582
2013
Page 101 of 142
Total
20,779
36,828
113,983
36,004
5,133
970
1,615,816
1,829,513
Page 134 of 532 Pages
63)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
OMCOMPET OWN-MANAGE: EXPECTED LEVEL OF COMPETITION
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
3d2.
2G2.
2G2.
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Page 102 of 142
Page 135 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
MANY COMPETITORS
SOME COMPETITORS
NO COMPETITORS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
MANY COMPETITORS
SOME COMPETITORS
NO COMPETITORS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
76,819
76,819
2002
5,908
2,902
587
6,644
0
0
100,735
116,776
2003
5,627
2,792
602
2,221
0
0
91,636
102,878
2004
7,751
3,943
806
2,822
0
0
129,867
145,189
2005
7,093
3,391
723
2,382
0
0
104,602
118,191
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
42,083
46,363
2006
11,512
5,441
1,256
1,448
379
192
151,403
171,631
2007
9,277
4,235
903
3,208
405
124
137,031
155,183
2008
8,903
4,062
871
3,538
250
80
117,286
134,990
2009
11,854
5,482
1,209
3,005
258
57
161,209
183,074
2010
15,605
6,256
1,417
3,421
322
98
156,983
184,102
2011
11,327
5,261
1,006
4,004
356
78
149,265
171,297
2012
16,819
7,765
1,594
4,242
314
51
176,797
207,582
2013
Page 103 of 142
Total
111,676
51,530
10,974
36,935
2,284
680
1,615,434
1,829,513
Page 136 of 532 Pages
64)
OMNEWTEC OWN-MANAGE: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YR AGO (UP TO 2004)
2002
2003
2004
2005
3d3.
3d3.
3d3.
3d3.
2006
3d3.
2007
3d3.
2008
3d3.
2009
3d3.
2010
3d3.
2011
2G3.
2012
2G3.
Were technologies or procedures required by this product or service generally available more than a year ago?
Were technologies or procedures required by this product or service generally available more than a year ago?
Were technologies or procedures required by this product or service generally available more than a year ago?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one
to five years, or longer than five years?
Page 104 of 142
Page 137 of 532 Pages
Value
0
1
7
9
99
Value Label
NO/NONE
YES
Not Applicable
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
1
7
9
99
Value Label
NO/NONE
YES
Not Applicable
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
1,168
15,640
1,305
153,389
129
171,631
2007
787
12,965
2,847
138,520
64
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
940
8,332
6,576
0
100,928
116,776
2003
885
8,134
2,221
0
91,638
102,878
2004
1,358
11,160
3,043
0
129,628
145,189
2005
1,495
9,709
2,381
104,605
1
118,191
2008
1,063
11,786
3,019
118,955
167
134,990
2009
1,345
16,217
2,716
162,685
111
183,074
2010
1,641
20,471
3,116
158,705
169
184,102
2011
1,092
15,741
3,392
150,873
199
171,297
2012
1,701
23,223
3,779
178,562
317
207,582
2013
Page 105 of 142
Total
13,475
153,378
34,395
1,166,294
461,971
1,829,513
Page 138 of 532 Pages
65)
OMNEWT_5 OWN-MANAGE: WHEN TECH AVAILABLE? (2005 ON)
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
LESS THAN A YEAR
ONE TO 5 YEARS
MORE THAN 5 YEARS
NOT APPLICABLE
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
7
8
9
99
Value Label
LESS THAN A YEAR
ONE TO 5 YEARS
MORE THAN 5 YEARS
NOT APPLICABLE
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2002
2003
2004
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
46,363
46,363
76,819
76,819
116,776
116,776
102,878
102,878
145,189
145,189
2006
1,168
3,262
12,378
1,305
1,534
413
151,571
171,631
2007
787
2,298
10,667
2,847
1,224
282
137,078
155,183
2008
1,063
2,314
9,472
3,019
1,472
307
117,343
134,990
2009
1,345
2,552
13,665
2,716
1,301
200
161,295
183,074
2010
1,641
3,076
17,395
3,116
1,536
185
157,153
184,102
2011
1,092
2,664
13,046
3,391
1,484
220
149,400
171,297
2012
1,701
3,174
20,049
3,779
1,578
240
177,061
207,582
Page 106 of 142
2005
1,495
1,329
8,379
2,381
0
0
104,607
118,191
2013
Total
10,292
20,669
105,051
22,554
10,129
1,847
1,658,971
1,829,513
Page 139 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 107 of 142
Page 140 of 532 Pages
66)
OMEXPORT OWN-MANAGE: % CUSTOMERS LIVE ABROAD
2002
3d4.
2003
3d4.
2004
3d4.
2005
3d4.
2006
3d4.
2007
3d4.
2008
3d4.
2009
3d4.
2010
3d4.
2011
2G4.
2012
2G4.
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than
50%, more than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
Page 108 of 142
Page 141 of 532 Pages
Value
0
125
2650
5175
7690
91100
99997
99999
999999
Value Label
NONE
1-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-90%
91-100%
Not Applicable
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
0
125
2650
5175
7690
91100
99997
99999
999999
Value Label
NONE
1-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-90%
91-100%
Not Applicable
DK/R/MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
14,737
735
703
635
287
484
1,368
1,112
151,570
171,631
2007
11,832
565
535
464
239
385
2,976
1,093
137,094
155,183
2000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,083
46,363
2001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76,819
76,819
2002
5,085
2,829
308
273
140
258
2,501
4,348
101,034
116,776
2003
7,171
565
298
298
170
254
1,989
469
91,664
102,878
2004
10,008
528
516
512
202
357
2,516
896
129,654
145,189
2005
8,835
487
506
405
194
320
2,088
678
104,678
118,191
2008
10,844
634
618
563
247
327
3,128
1,301
117,328
134,990
2009
15,463
778
747
510
255
357
2,836
866
161,262
183,074
2010
19,953
1,009
599
491
278
361
3,216
1,127
157,068
184,102
2011
14,585
874
616
486
297
401
3,838
797
149,403
171,297
2012
21,451
1,163
816
590
364
489
3,696
1,330
177,683
207,582
2013
Page 109 of 142
Total
139,964
10,167
6,262
5,227
2,673
3,993
30,152
14,017
1,617.058
1,829,513
Page 142 of 532 Pages
67)
OMNOWNOB OWN-MANAGE: NUMBER JOBS NOW
2000
3e.
2001
3e.
2002
3e.
2003
3e.
2004
3e.
2005
3e.
2006
3e.
2007
3e.
2008
3e.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including subcontractors, are working for this business? By
subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working exclusively for this business, and not working for others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Page 110 of 142
Page 143 of 532 Pages
2009
3e.
2010
3e.
2011
2H1.
2012
2H1.
Value
9999997
9999999
Value
9999997
9999998
Right now, how many people, not counting the owners but including exclusive subcontractors, are working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
16,994
14,049
13,055
18,144
22,798
17,077
25,602
1,202
2,842
2,921
2,589
3,162
3,315
3,848
1,515
764
1,161
994
837
1,357
1,106
151,920 137,528 117,853 161,347 157,305 149,548 177,026
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,033
4,786
8,722
8,513
11,815
10,740
259
3,178
7,989
1,882
2,248
2,035
86
2,266
1,143
771
1,099
680
10,420
44,985
66,589
98,922
91,712 130,027 104,736
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 111 of 142
Total
173,328
37,470
13,779
1,604,936
1,829,513
Page 144 of 532 Pages
68)
OMYR5JOB OWN-MANAGE: NUMBER JOBS 5 YRS POST-BIRTH
2000
3f.
2001
3f.
2002
3f.
2003
3f.
2004
3f.
2005
3f.
2006
3f.
2007
3f.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working exclusively for this business, and not working for others
as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Page 112 of 142
Page 145 of 532 Pages
2008
3f.
2009
3f.
2010
3f.
2011
2H2.
2012
2H2.
Value
9999997
9999999
Value
9999997
9999998
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Five years from now how many people, not counting owners but including all subcontractors, will be working for this
business? By exclusive subcontractors, we mean only people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for
others as well.
Not counting owners, how many people will be working for this business five years from now? Please include all exclusive
subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well.
Not counting owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business five
years from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and
not working for others as well.
Not counting owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business five
years from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and
not working for others as well.
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
14,630
12,256
11,114
15,516
19,135
14,791
21,882
1,053
2,277
2,244
2,149
2,399
2,624
2,989
4,000
2,898
5,143
3,785
4,834
4,057
5,164
151,948 137,752 116,489 161,624 157,734 149,825 177,547
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
846
4,108
7,191
7,358
10,633
9,576
219
4,655
7,440
1,505
1,889
1,619
306
68,050
3,132
2,222
2,673
2,171
10,420
44,992
6
99,013
91,793 129,994 104,825
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 113 of 142
Total
149,036
33,062
108,435
1,538,980
1,829,513
Page 146 of 532 Pages
69)
OMREASON OWN-MANAGE: REASON R IS INVOLVED
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
3g.
2011
2K1.
2012
2K1.
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Are you involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Did you become involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you had no better choices for
work?
Did you become involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you had no better choices for
work?
Did you become involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you had no better choices for
work?
Page 114 of 142
Page 147 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
99
Value
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
99
Value Label
EXPLOIT BUS
OPPORT
BEST WORK CHOICE
WK CHOICE &
OPPORT
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
EXPLOIT BUS
OPPORT
BEST WORK CHOICE
WK CHOICE &
OPPORT
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,841
1,239
5,319
2,317
5,039
2,231
7,500
2,679
9,640
2,508
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,083
46,363
568
108
0
1,459
368
1,819
68,417
76,819
914
212
76
2,776
16
4,361
100,785
116,776
1,040
186
0
2,070
31
471
91,810
102,878
1,528
246
0
2,756
50
762
129,668
145,189
1,420
229
0
2,391
0
632
104,746
118,191
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Total
9,640
4,563
6,958
3,661
6440
3,740
8,400
5,520
10,066
8,096
5,151
4,935
12,257
7,822
88,876
49,311
2,125
552
0
2,417
476
334
151,524
171,631
1,669
501
0
2,655
2,213
399
137,127
155,183
1,768
596
0
3,138
1,733
211
117,364
134,990
2,157
845
0
4,383
324
134
161,311
183,074
2,675
920
0
4,855
260
156
157,074
184,102
1,883
1,107
2,937
1,288
5,241
353
134
149,493
171,297
5,891
317
109
176,961
207,582
20,684
6,790
76
40,032
6,141
9,522
1,608,081
1,829,513
Page 115 of 142
Page 148 of 532 Pages
70)
OMOPTYPE OWN-MANAGE: NATURE OF BUSS OPPORTUNITY
2005
3gi.
2006
3gi.
2007
3gi.
2008
3gi.
2009
3gi.
2010
3gi.
2011
2K2.
2012
2K2.
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity: to have greater
independence and freedom in your working life; to increase your personal income; or just maintain your personal income?
Which one of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater
independence, increase person income, just to maintain income, or none of these.
Which one of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater
independence, increase person income, just to maintain income, or none of these.
Page 116 of 142
Page 149 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
99
Value Label
INDEPENDENCE
INCREASE INCOME
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
Value
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
99
Value Label
INDEPENDENCE
INCREASE INCOME
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
OTHER
FAMILY BUSINESS
Not Applicable
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2002
2003
2004
5,018
5,018
10,420
10,420
46,363
46,363
76,819
76,819
116,776
116,776
102,878
102,878
145,189
145,189
2006
5,302
3,608
1,225
683
0
766
110
405
159,532
171,631
2007
3,569
2,289
694
261
0
1,297
67
253
146,753
155,183
2008
3,009
2,423
963
172
0
1,467
65
85
126,806
134,990
2009
4,869
3,734
1,405
347
0
1,537
125
30
171,027
183,074
2010
5,107
5,227
2,040
365
0
1,787
127
57
169,392
184,102
2011
4,518
3,883
1,290
357
2012
6,959
5,986
1,668
447
2,339
155
25
158,730
171,297
2,065
129
37
190,291
207,582
Page 117 of 142
2005
3,642
1,985
778
142
51
1,042
2
345
110,204
118,191
2013
Total
36,975
29,135
10,063
2,774
51
12,300
780
1,237
1,736,198
1,829,513
Page 150 of 532 Pages
71)
BAFUND
2000
4a.
2001
4a.
2002
4a.
2003
4a.
2004
4a.
2005
4a.
2006
4a.
BUS ANGEL: FUNDING IN PAST 3 YEARS, NATIONAL CURRENCY
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these business start-ups in the past three years?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these business start-ups in the past three years?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these business start-ups in the past three years?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these business start-ups in the past three years?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
Page 118 of 142
Page 151 of 532 Pages
2007
4a.
2008
4a.
2009
4a.
2010
4a.
2011
4B.
2012
4B.
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
You mentioned previously that you have personally provided funds for a new business start-up other than your own.
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
Perhaps we were not clear on a previous question. You may have provided financial support to a friend or family member
starting a business in the past three years. Approximately how much, in total, have you personally provided to these
business start-ups in the past three years, not counting any investments in publicly traded stocks or mutual funds?
Page 119 of 142
Page 152 of 532 Pages
Value
99999999999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
218
664
1,360
2,227
2,171
2,949
2,462
2,477
383
2,406
6,859
767
1,010
838
5,018
7,725
45,699
75,053 107,590
99,940 141,230 114,891
5,018
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Value
Value Label
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010(1) 2011
2012
2013
GOOD VALUE
3,857
3,568
3,793
4,346
171
6,988
8,861
99999999999 DK,R,MISSING
3,047
3,087
1,148
1,512
1
1,781
2,662
NOT RELEVANT 164,727 198,528 130,049 177,216 183,930 162,528 196,059
TOTAL
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
(1) Data only available for United Kingdom.
Page 120 of 142
Total
43,635
27,978
1,829,513
Page 153 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 121 of 142
Page 154 of 532 Pages
72)
BATYPE
2000
4b.
2001
4b.
2002
4b.
2003
4b.
2004
4b.
2005
4b.
2006
4b.
BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What
did it expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Page 122 of 142
Page 155 of 532 Pages
Value
9999
Value
9999
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
3,638
313
167,680 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,078
1,561
3,170
1,953
2,984
2,773
93
192
226
361
231
247
10,420
45,192
75,066 113,380 100,564 141,974 115,171
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Page 123 of 142
Total
17,157
1,663
1,810,693
1,829,513
Page 156 of 532 Pages
73)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
99999
BATYPE1D BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990], 11 CAT B4 2010
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
CANNOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
49
2001
70
2002
200
2003
75
2004
175
2005
170
69
72
54
92
174
107
180
320
207
150
165
130
178
209
168
224
192
158
32
131
287
144
342
243
314
51
82
43
140
172
45,285
46,363
398
69
342
56
122
883
110
611
174
198
1,049
133
446
125
159
864
152
451
109
210
75,258
76,819
113,606
116,776
599
158
306
84
141
1
100,925
102,878
142,205
145,189
115,418
118,191
Page 124 of 142
Page 157 of 532 Pages
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
99999
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
CANNOT CODE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
185
152
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Total
924
1,045
473
217
444
1,605
1,041
1,623
1,055
5,162
162
532
120
298
835
2770
711
1,268
173
1,812,356
1,829,513
167,993
171,631
155,183
155,183
134,990
134,990
183,074
183,074
184,102
184,102
Page 125 of 142
171,297
171,297
207,582
207,582
Page 158 of 532 Pages
74)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
BAREL
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
4c.
5c.
4C.
4C.
BUS ANGEL: R RELATION TO INVESTEE
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
Page 126 of 142
Page 159 of 532 Pages
Value
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
999999
Value Label
CLOSE FAMILY
OTHER RELATIVE
WORK COLLEAGUE
FRIEND/NEIGHBOR
STRANGER
OTHER
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
462
84
108
312
97
42
22
0
45,236
46,363
2001
739
136
163
458
161
72
135
0
74,955
76,819
2002
1,092
267
226
787
267
66
71
0
114,000
116,776
2003
1,111
207
200
714
200
76
85
0
100,285
102,878
2004
1,634
311
261
871
228
36
55
107
141,686
145,189
2005
1,358
265
259
739
199
105
76
94
115,096
118,191
Value
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
999999
Value Label
CLOSE FAMILY
OTHER RELATIVE
WORK COLLEAGUE
FRIEND/NEIGHBOR
STRANGER
OTHER
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
2,076
358
329
1,120
249
113
149
222
167,015
171,631
2007
2,064
413
381
1,273
217
142
81
255
150,357
155,183
2008
2,291
450
341
1,124
251
117
102
267
130,047
134,990
2009
2,497
525
318
1,443
299
128
92
236
177,536
183,074
2010
4,736
1,180
604
3,045
503
195
138
201
173,500
184,102
2011
3,974
892
472
2,373
420
188
137
134
162,707
171,297
2012
5,025
1,340
592
3,007
453
208
155
286
196,516
207,582
2013
Page 127 of 142
Total
29,059
6,428
4,254
17,266
3,544
1,488
1,298
1,802
1,764,374
1,829,513
Page 160 of 532 Pages
75)
SUBOANWT TRANSFORM: START-UP, OWNER, ACTIVE, NO WAGES
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
1998
5,018
0
5,018
1999
10,084
336
10,420
2000
44,772
1,591
46,363
2001
73,002
3,817
76,819
2002
112,500
4,276
116,776
2003
98,530
4,348
102,878
2004
139,800
5,389
145,189
2005
113,598
4,593
118,191
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
2006
164,794
6,837
171,631
2007
147,173
8,010
155,183
2008
126,559
8,431
134,990
2009
173,877
9,197
183,074
2010
172,357
11,745
184,102
2011
158,296
13,001
171,297
2012
191,386
16,196
207,582
2013
Page 128 of 142
Total
1,731,746
97,767
1,829,513
Page 161 of 532 Pages
76)
OMBABYBT TRANSFORM: NEW (BBY) BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, <3.5 YRS PAYMENTS
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
1998
5,018
0
5,018
1999
10,420
0
10,420
2000
45,390
973
46,363
2001
74,734
2,085
76,819
2002
113,467
3,309
116,776
2003
99,586
3,292
102,878
2004
140,810
4,379
145,189
2005
114,460
3,731
118,191
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
2006
165,535
6,096
171,631
2007
149,797
5,386
155,183
2008
130,055
4,935
134,990
2009
176,546
6,528
183,074
2010
175,280
8,822
184,102
2011
164,436
6,861
171,297
2012
196,789
10,793
207,582
2013
Page 129 of 142
Total
1,762,323
67,190
1,829,513
Page 162 of 532 Pages
77)
OMESTBBT TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, >3.5 YRS
PAYMENTS
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
1998
5,018
0
5,018
1999
10,420
0
10,420
2000
44,473
1,890
46,363
2001
73,811
3,008
76,819
2002
110,643
6,133
116,776
2003
97,100
5,778
102,878
2004
136,914
8,275
145,189
2005
110,467
7,724
118,191
Value
0
100
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
TOTAL
2006
158,869
12,762
171,631
2007
145,810
9,373
155,183
2008
124,681
10,309
134,990
2009
169,435
13,639
183,074
2010
167,665
16,437
184,102
2011
159,095
12,202
171,297
2012
489,953
17,629
207,582
2013
Page 130 of 142
Total
1,704,354
125,159
1,829,513
Page 163 of 532 Pages
78)
SUWHY
TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVATIONS, RECODED
Value
-1
0
1
9
99
Value Label
BEST CHOICE
OPPORT & OTHER
OPPORT PRIMARY
OTHER, DK, R, MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
Value
-1
0
1
9
99
Value Label
BEST CHOICE
OPPORT & OTHER
OPPORT PRIMARY
OTHER, DK, R, MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
1,338
1,223
3,836
0
165,234
171,631
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
958
524
2,107
0
73,230
76,819
2002
904
635
2,445
5
112,787
116,776
2003
863
630
2,658
0
98,727
102,878
2004
1,174
903
3,135
0
139,977
145,189
2005
919
754
2,696
0
113,822
118,191
2007
1,596
1,386
4,031
0
148,170
155,183
2008
2,094
1,527
4,031
0
127,338
134,990
2009
2,461
1,811
4,225
0
174,577
183,074
2010
3,181
2,245
5,440
0
173,236
184,102
2011
3,408
2,669
5,914
2012
4,129
3,249
7,748
2013
159,306
171,297
192,456
207,582
Page 131 of 142
Total
23,025
17,556
48,266
5
1,740,661
1,829,513
Page 164 of 532 Pages
79)
OMWHY
TRANSFORM: OWNER-MANAGE MOTIVATION, RECODED
Value
-1
0
1
9
99
Value Label
BEST CHOICE
OPPORT & OTHER
OPPORT PRIMARY
OTHER, DK, R, MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
Value
-1
0
1
9
99
Value Label
BEST CHOICE
OPPORT & OTHER
OPPORT PRIMARY
OTHER, DK, R, MISSING
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
4,563
2,677
9,640
0
154,751
171,631
1999
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
1,239
676
2,841
0
72,063
76,819
2002
2,317
1,126
5,319
76
107,938
116,776
2003
2,231
1,226
5,039
0
94,382
102,878
2004
2,679
1,774
7,500
0
133,236
145,189
2005
2,508
1,649
6,265
0
107,769
118,191
2007
3,661
2,170
6,958
0
142,394
155,183
2008
3,740
2,364
6,440
0
122,446
134,990
2009
5,520
3,002
8,400
0
166,152
183,074
2010
8,096
3,595
10,066
0
162,345
184,102
2011
4,935
2,990
8,151
2012
7,822
4,226
12,257
2013
155,221
171,297
183,278
207,582
Page 132 of 142
Total
49,311
27,474
88,876
76
1,663,776
1,829,513
Page 165 of 532 Pages
80)
Value
1
2
9
99
Value
1
2
9
99
SU_MOT
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVES, RECODE 2
1998
1999
2000
2001
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2,631
958
228
73,002
76,819
2006
2007
2008
5,059
1,338
440
164,794
171,631
5,417
1,596
997
147,173
155,183
5,558
2,094
779
126,559
134,990
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
2002
2003
2004
2005
3,080
904
292
112,500
116,776
3,288
863
197
98,530
102,878
4,038
1,174
177
139,800
145,189
3,450
919
224
113,598
118,191
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
6,036
2,461
700
173,877
183,074
7,685
3,181
879
172,357
184,102
8,583
3,408
1,010
158,296
171,297
10,997
4,129
1,070
191,386
207,582
Page 133 of 142
Total
65,822
23,025
6,993
1,733,673
1,829,513
Page 166 of 532 Pages
81)
OMBB_MOT TRANSFORM: BABY (NEW) BUSS MOTIVES, RECODE 2
Value
1
2
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
Value
1
2
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
4,319
1,460
317
165,535
171,631
1999
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
1,486
486
113
74,734
76,819
2002
2,318
805
186
113,467
116,776
2003
2,367
795
130
99,586
102,878
2004
3,256
1000
123
140,810
145,189
2005
2,720
839
172
114,460
118,191
2007
3,637
1,307
442
149,797
155,183
2008
3,325
1,275
335
130,055
134,990
2009
4,207
1,906
415
176,546
183,074
2010
5,355
3,075
392
175,280
184,102
2011
4,593
1,816
452
164,436
171,297
2012
7,018
3,260
515
196,789
207,582
2013
Page 134 of 142
Total
44,601
18,024
3,592
1,763,296
1,829,513
Page 167 of 532 Pages
82)
OMEB_MOT TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS MOTIVES, RECODE 2
Value
1
2
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
Value
1
2
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
8,175
3,148
1,439
158,869
171,631
1999
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
2,031
753
224
73,811
76,819
2002
4,151
1,522
460
110,643
116,776
2003
3,935
1,442
401
97,100
102,878
2004
6,121
1,701
453
136,914
145,189
2005
5,397
1,710
617
110,467
118,191
2007
5,611
2,379
1,383
145,810
155,183
2008
6,231
2,765
1,313
124,681
134,990
2009
8,109
4,002
1,528
169,435
183,074
2010
9,337
5,624
1,476
167,665
184,102
2011
7,328
3,447
1,427
159,095
171,297
2012
10,757
5,169
1,703
189,953
207,582
2013
Page 135 of 142
Total
77,183
33,662
12,424
1,706,244
1,829,513
Page 168 of 532 Pages
83)
TEA
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE ACTIVITY
Value
0
100
999
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
0
0
5,018
5,018
1999
0
0
10,420
10,420
2000
43,953
2,410
0
46,363
2001
71,126
5,693
0
76,819
2002
109,523
7,253
0
116,776
2003
95,634
7,244
0
102,878
2004
135,833
9,356
0
145,189
2005
110,219
7,972
0
118,191
Value
0
100
999
Value Label
NO ACTIVE
ACTIVE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
159,204
12,427
0
171,631
2007
142,088
13,095
0
155,183
2008
121,950
13,040
0
134,990
2009
167,651
15,423
0
183,074
2010
164,137
19,965
0
184,102
2011
151,752
19,545
2012
181,146
26,436
2013
171,297
207,582
Page 136 of 142
Total
1,654,216
159,859
15,438
1,829,513
Page 169 of 532 Pages
84)
TEA_MOT
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE INDEX MOTIVATION
Value
1
2
3
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
MIXED, OTHER
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
1999
0
0
0
0
5,018
5,018
0
0
0
0
10,420
10,420
Value
1
2
3
9
99
Value Label
OPPORTUNITY
BEST CHOICE
MIXED, OTHER
NO DATA
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
9,032
2,695
700
159,204
171,631
2000
0
0
0
0
46,363
46,363
2001
3,959
1,409
2002
5,158
1,661
2003
5,387
1,569
2004
7,015
2,067
2005
5,936
1,679
325
71,126
76,819
434
109,523
116,776
288
95,634
102,878
274
135,833
145,189
357
110,219
118,191
2007
8,883
2,851
2008
8,691
3,289
2009
10,049
4,300
2010
12,674
6,088
2011
12,979
5,150
2012
17,678
7,236
2013
1,361
142,088
155,183
1,060
121,950
134,990
1,074
167,651
183,074
1,203
164,137
184,102
1,416
151,752
171,297
1,522
181,146
207,582
Page 137 of 142
Total
107,441
39,994
10,014
1,672,064
1,829,513
Page 170 of 532 Pages
85)
Value
Value
86)
Value
9997
9998
9998
TEATYPE
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] BR 2010
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
1998
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
9,261
11,464
11,033
13,510
162,370 143,719 123,957 169,564 184,102 171,297 207,582
171,631 155,183 134,990 183,074 184,102 171,297 207,582
5,018
5,018
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
1,998
4,684
5,740
5,945
8,606
7,482
10,420
44,365
72,135 111,036
96,933 136,583 110,709
10,420
46,363
76,819 116,776 102,878 145,189 118,191
Total
79,723
1,749,790
1,829,513
TEATYPE_10 TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value Label
GOOD VALUE
NOT CODEABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
DK,R,MISSING
NOT RELEVANT
TOTAL
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
14,414
14,232
19,497
169,688
184,102
Page 138 of 142
157,065
171,297
188,085
207,582
Total
48,143
514,838
562,981
Page 171 of 532 Pages
87)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
TEATYPE1D TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990], 11 CAT, B4 2010
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
1998
5,018
5,018
1999
10,420
10,420
2000
100
2001
312
2002
303
2003
282
2004
561
2005
337
119
162
92
276
524
278
311
552
344
488
443
331
577
666
433
538
468
436
58
360
410
372
744
497
674
69
226
112
386
44,365
46,363
1,258
145
858
259
414
72,135
76,819
1,720
185
1,075
345
495
111,036
116,776
1,824
370
1,004
323
508
96,933
102,878
2,763
284
1,376
585
616
136,584
145,189
2,496
326
1,269
517
598
110,709
118,191
Page 139 of 142
Page 172 of 532 Pages
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING,
CINSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE,
REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST,
BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2006
544
2007
721
2008
886
2009
1,258
2010
388
1,117
478
847
913
622
552
1,059
650
39
1,111
1,027
4,135
7,015
4,691
961
843
739
1,314
6,298
2,919
254
1,251
459
890
162,370
171,631
3,595
408
1,974
655
886
143,719
155,183
3,841
268
1,672
514
852
123,957
134,990
5,404
250
1,458
523
1,126
169,564
183,074
26,494
2,559
12,163
4,292
6,771
1,749,791
1,829,513
184,102
184,102
Page 140 of 142
2011
171,297
171,297
2012
207,582
207,582
2013
Total
5,304
Page 173 of 532 Pages
88)
Value
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
TEATYPE1D_10 TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008], 11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value Label
AGR, FOR,HUNT, FISH
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANS, COMM, UTIL
WHOLE, MV SALE, REPAIR
RETAIL, HOTEL, REST, BAR
FIN, INSUR, REAL EST
BUS SERVICES
HLTH, EDUC, SOC SERV
CONSUMER SERVICE
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
SYSTEM MISSING
TOTAL
2010
1,080
528
1,216
1,180
1,076
6,635
280
1,176
392
845
3
169,691
184,102
2011
723
766
1,542
1,111
1,206
5,173
380
1,475
686
1,131
28
157,076
171,297
2012
1,525
789
2,052
1,325
1,692
7,927
419
1,582
707
1,442
27
188,095
207,582
2013
Page 141 of 142
Total
3,328
2,083
4,810
3,616
3,974
19,735
1,079
4,233
1,785
3,418
58
514,862
562,981
Page 174 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 142 of 142
Page 175 of 532 Pages
Appendix D
SPSS [V22[ SYNTAX FILE USED TO PROCESS GEM APS DATA TO IDENTIFY
PARTICIPANTS IN BUSINESS CREATION
25 AUGUST 2016
PAUL D. REYNOLDS
Page 1 of 30
Page 176 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 2 of 30
Page 177 of 532 Pages
TITLE 'C:\GEM_ICPSR_2016\SPSS_PRO\GEM_ICPSR_16_06.SPS'.
SUBTITLE 'GEM_ICPSR_16_06:PREPARE 1998-2012 DATA 4 ICPSR'.
*.
*
SPSS 22 SYNTAX REVISED FROM SPSS PC SYNTAX.
*.
*====================================================================.
SET
HEADER = YES
/ERRORS = LISTING
/RESULTS = LISTING
/PRINTBACK = LISTING
/MESSAGES = LISTING
/ONUMBERS = BOTH
/OVARS
= BOTH
/TNUMBERS = BOTH
/TVARS
= BOTH
/TFIT
= LABELS
/SEED
= 2000000.
*.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
THE HARMONIZED PROCESSING INVOLVES A NUMBER OF STEPS.
*
THEY ARE BASED ON STANDARDIZED CODING OF ALL ITEMS CRITICAL.
*
FOR ACCESSING THE RESPONDENT'S STATUS IN THE FIRM CREATION.
*
PROCESS:.
*.
*
A: INITIAL IDENTIFICATION OF NEW FIRM OWNERS AND.
*
ESTABLISHED FIRM OWNERS.
*
B: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW FIRM OWNERS THAT WOULD QUALIFY.
*
AS NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*
C: INITIAL IDENTIFICATION OF THOSE THAT QUALIFY AS .
*
NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*
D: IDENTIFICATION OF NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS THAT MAY.
*
QUALIFY AS NEW FIRM OWNERS. DONE FOR EACH SURVEY YEAR.
*
E: AGGREGATE BOTH ORIGINALLY IDENTIFIED NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*
AND FIRM OWNERS AND THOSE REASSIGNED FROM ORIGINAL STATUS.
*
F: DATA IS REASSIGNED FOR THOSE NASCENTS RECLASSIFIED AS.
*
NEW OR ESABLISHED FIRM OWNERS OR THOSE NEW OR EXTABLISHED.
*
FIRM OWNERS RECLASSIFIED AS NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*
G: ALL VALUES SET TO MISSING VALUES FOR CASES THAT DO NOT.
*
QUALIFY AS START-UPS, BABY BUSINESSES, OR ESTABLISHED .
*
BUSINESSES
.
*
H: IDENTIFY CASES FOR TEA/EARLY STAGE ENTREPRENEURS INDEX.
*
I: IDENTIFY MOTIVATION FOR PARTICIPATING IN ALL STAGES OF.
*
FIRM LIFE COURSE: OPPORTUNITY, BEST CHOICE, VS OTHER.
*
J: REASSIGN ECONOMIC SECTOR CODES FROM GEM COORDINATION.
*
ALLOCATION TO NASCENT, NEW AND ESTABLISHED FIRM CASES.
*
BASED ON HARMONIZED ASSIGNMENTS.
*
K: ALLOCATE ECONOMIC SECTORS TO 11 CATEGORIES SEPARATELY.
*
FOR THE TWO SECTOR CODING SCHEMES: UN ISIC V3.1 AND .
*
UN ISIC V4.0.
*
L: ALLOCATE FOUR DIGIT AND 11 CATEGORIES SECTOR CODES TO.
*
CASES WITH TEA ACTIVE RESPONDENTS.
Page 3 of 30
Page 178 of 532 Pages
*
M: CREATE UNIQUE CASE ID NUMBER FOR ALL CASES.
*.
*
13 AUGUST 14.
*.
*
CORRECTION MADE TO CORRECTLY IDENTIFY TEA CASE MOTIVATIONS.
*.
*
22 SEPT 2016.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
GET FILE ='C:\GEM_ICPSR_2014\SPSS_SAV\GEM_ICPSR_14_05C.SAV'.
*.
WEIGHT OFF.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
A: INITIAL IDENTIFICATION OF NEW FIRM OWNERS AND.
*
ESTABLISHED FIRM OWNERS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
THOSE START-UPS WITH WAGES, SALARIES FOR MORE THAN THREE MONTHS .
*
ARE TO BE TREATED AS OWNER-MANAGERS OF BABY BUSINESSES
.
*
THOSE START-UPS WITH WAGES, SALARIES FOR MORE THAN 42 MTHS
.
*
CLASSIFIED AS ESTBLISHED BUSINESSES.
*.
*
LATER IN THE ROUTINE THE FOLLOWING OCCURS
.
*
FOR THESE RESPONDENTS THE VARIABLES 'OMOWN' AND 'OMOWNERS' MUST .
*
BE ADJUSTED SO THEY EQUAL THE VALUES FOR 'SUOWN' AND 'SUOWNERS' .
*.
*
VALUES FOR EXPECTED JOB GROWTH IN FIVE YEARS CREATED FOR THOSE .
*
START-UPS RECLASSIFIED AS BABY BUSINESSES
.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY BABY (42 MONTHS OLD) AND ESTABLISHED BUSINESSES
.
*
(OVER 42 MONTHS OLD) WITH MANAGERS AND MANAGER OWNERS
.
*.
*
AT THIS POINT, OWNER MANAGER BUSINESSES THAT REPORT NO SALARIES .
*
WAGES OR PROFITS AS OF INTERVIEW ARE REASSINGED AS START-UP
.
*
BUSINESSES WITH ACTIVE OWNER MANAGERS
.
*
BABY BUSINESS AND INFANT BUSINESS MEASURES SET TO ZERO
.
*.
*
A 'DON'T KNOW' TO YEAR SALARIES/WAGES FIRST PAID INTREPRETED
.
*
AS A BUSINESS THAT IS OLDER THAN 42 MONTHS OLD
.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
COMPUTE OMBABYBM = 0.
Page 4 of 30
Page 179 of 532 Pages
COMPUTE OMBABYBO = 0.
COMPUTE OMESTBBM = 0.
COMPUTE OMESTBBO = 0.
COMPUTE SUBOANWX = 0.
*.
VARIABLE LABELS
OMBABYBM
'MAN
BUS W/ PROFIT/SALAR UP TO 42 MT'/
OMBABYBO
'MAN,OWNS BUS W/ PROFIT/SALAR UP TO 42 MT'/
OMESTBBM
'MAN
BUS W/ PROFIT/SALAR OVER 42 MTH'/
OMESTBBO
'MAN,OWNS BUS W/ PROFIT/SALAR OVER 42 MTH'/
SUBOANWX
'OWN-MANAGER:SCREEN CANDIDATE FOR SUBOANW'.
*.
VALUE LABELS
OMESTBBM
OMESTBBO
OMBABYBM
OMBABYBO
SUBOANWX
0 'NOT ACTIVE'
1 'ACTIVE'.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2000) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1997) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2000))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2001) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1998) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2001))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2002) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1999) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2002))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2003) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2000) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2003))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2004) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2001) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2004))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2005) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2002) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2005))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2006) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2003) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2006))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2007) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2004) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2007))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2008) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2005) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2008))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2009) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2006) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2009))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2010) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2007) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2010))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2011) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2008) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2011))
OMBABYBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2012) & (OMWAGEYR GE 2009) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2012))
OMBABYBM = 1.
EXECUTE.
*===================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY THOSE THAT WILL OWN PART OF THE BUSINESS.
*.
*===================================================================.
Page 5 of 30
Page 180 of 532 Pages
*.
*.
IF
((OMBABYBM EQ 1) AND
((OMOWN EQ 1) OR (OMOWN EQ 2)))
OMBABYBO = 1.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2000) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 1996))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2001) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 1997))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2002) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 1998))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2003) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 1999))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2004) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2000))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2005) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2001))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2006) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2002))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2007) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2003))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2008) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2005))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2009) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2006))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2010) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2007))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2011) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2008))
OMESTBBM = 1.
IF ((GEM_YR = 2012) & (OMWAGEYR GE 1990) & (OMWAGEYR LE 2009))
OMESTBBM = 1.
EXECUTE.
*=================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY THOSE THAT WILL OWN PART OF THE BUSINESS.
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
IF
((OMESTBBM = 1) AND
((OMOWN EQ 1) OR (OMOWN EQ 2)))
OMESTBBO = 1.
EXECUTE.
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
*
B: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW FIRM OWNERS THAT WOULD QUALIFY.
*
AS NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
IF
((OMWAGEYR=9997)&((OMOWN=1)OR(OMOWN=2))) SUBOANWX = 1.
Page 6 of 30
Page 181 of 532 Pages
EXECUTE.
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
*
C: INITIAL IDENTIFICATION OF THOSE THAT QUALIFY AS .
*
NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*.
*=================================================================.
*=================================================================.
*.
*
PROCEDURE TO IDENTIFY NASCENT ENTREPENEURS THAT MEET FOUR .
*
CRITERIA: 1) CONSIDER THEMSELVES INVOLVED IN BUSINESS,
.
*
2) BEHAVIOR IN PAST 12 MONTHS TO CREATE NEW BUSINESS,
.
*
3) EXPECT TO OWN ALL OR PART OF BUSINESS, AND
.
*
4) INITIATIVE NOT YET ECONOMICALLY VIABLE
.
*.
*
SOME MAY BE RECLASSIFIED AS BABY BUSINESSES, UP TO 42 MONTHS.
*
OLD, OTHERS AS ESTABLISHED BUSINESSES, OVER 42 MONTHS OLD .
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
COMPUTE SUBOANW = 0.
COMPUTE OMBABYX = 0.
COMPUTE OMESTBX = 0.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
SUBOANW
'START-UP:OWN,ACTIVE,NO WAGES FOR 3 MTHS'/
OMBABYX
'OWN-MANGE:NASCENT CANDIDATE 4 BABY BUSS'/
OMESTBX
'OWN-MANAG:NASCENT CANDIDATE 4 ESTAB BUSS'.
*.
VALUE LABLE SUBOANW OMBABYX OMESTBX
0
"DOESN'T QUALITY"
1
'QUALIFIES'.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
SELECT CANDIDATE NASCENTS FROM SCREENING ITEMS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
((BSTART = 1) OR (BSTART = 8))
SUBOANW = 1.
IF
((BJOBST = 1) OR (BJOBST = 8))
SUBOANW = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
EXCLUDE THOSE THAT HAVE NOT BEEN ACTIVE IN PAST 12 MONTHS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
Page 7 of 30
Page 182 of 532 Pages
COMPUTE
SUACTS_X = 0.
IF
(SUACTS = 1)
SUACTS_X = 1.
IF
(SUACTS = 8)
SUACTS_X = 1.
*.
IF
(SUACTS_X NE 1) SUBOANW = 0.
EXECUTE.
*.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
EXLCLUDE THOSE THAT WILL NOT OWN PART OF THE BUSINESS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
COMPUTE
SUOWN_X = 0.
IF
(SUOWN = 1) SUOWN_X = 1.
IF
(SUOWN = 2) SUOWN_X = 1.
*.
IF
(SUOWN_X NE 1) SUBOANW = 0.
EXECUTE.
*.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
*
EXCLUDE THOSE PAYING WAGES FOR OVER THREE MONTHS.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
COMPUTE
SUWAGE_X
= 0.
*.
IF
(SUWAGE = 1)
SUWAGE_X = 1.
IF
(SUWAGE = 9)
SUWAGE_X = 1.
IF
((SUWAGE = 1)&(SUWAGEYR = 9997)) SUWAGE_X = 0.
IF
((SUWAGE = 9)&(SUWAGEYR = 9997)) SUWAGE_X = 0.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF
(SUWAGE_X EQ 1)
SUBOANW = 0.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
DELETE VARIABLES USED TO RESET VALUES.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
DELETE VARIBLES SUACTS_X SUOWN_X SUWAGE_X.
FREQ VAR SUBOANW OMBABYBO OMESTBBO.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
D: IDENTIFICATION OF NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS THAT MAY.
*
QUALIFY AS NEW FIRM OWNERS. DONE FOR EACH SURVEY YEAR.
Page 8 of 30
Page 183 of 532 Pages
*.
*==================================================================.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2002 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2002)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1998)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2002)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2002)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 1998)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2003 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2003)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1999)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2003)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2003)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 1999)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2004 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2004)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2000)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2004)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2004)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2000)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
Page 9 of 30
Page 184 of 532 Pages
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2005 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2005)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2001)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2005)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2005)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2001)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2006 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2006)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2002)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2006)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2006)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2002)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2007 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2007)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2003)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2007)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2007)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2003)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
Page 10 of 30
Page 185 of 532 Pages
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2008 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2008)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2004)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2008)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2008)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2004)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2009 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2009)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2005)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2009)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2009)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2005)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2010 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2010)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2006)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2010)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2010)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2006)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2011 COHORT.
Page 11 of 30
Page 186 of 532 Pages
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2011)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2007)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2011)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2011)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2007)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
IDENTIFY CANDIDATES FOR BABY BUSS AND ESTABLISHED FIRM .
*
OWNERS FROM 2012 COHORT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2012)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 2008)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2012)))
OMBABYX = 1.
*.
IF
( (SUBOANW = 0)
AND
(GEM_YR = 2012)
AND
((SUWAGEYR GE 1990)AND(SUWAGEYR LE 2008)))
OMESTBX = 1.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
E: AGGREGATE BOTH ORIGINALLY IDENTIFIED NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS.
*
AND FIRM OWNERS AND THOSE REASSIGNED FROM ORIGINAL STATUS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
COMPUTE TOTAL COUNTS OF NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS AND
.
*
NEW BUSINESS OWNERS
.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE = SUBOANW BY SUBOANWX.
*.
COMPUTE
SUBOANWT
= SUBOANW.
*.
IF
((SUBOANW = 0) AND (SUBOANWX = 1))
SUBOANWT = 100.
IF
(SYSMIS(SUBOANWT) = 1)
SUBOANWT = 0.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
SUBOANWT
'START-UP:START-UP & OWN-MANAGER MODULES'.
*.
Page 12 of 30
Page 187 of 532 Pages
VALUE LABEL SUBOANWT
0
'NOT ACTIVE'
100
'ACTIVE'.
*.
IF
(SUBOANWT = 1)
SUBOANWT = 100.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT.
EXECUTE.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE = OMBABYBO BY OMBABYX.
*.
COMPUTE
OMBABYBT = OMBABYBO.
*.
IF
((OMBABYBO = 0) AND (OMBABYX = 1)) OMBABYBT = 100.
IF
(SYSMIS(OMBABYBT) = 1)
OMBABYBT = 0.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
OMBABYBT
'BABY BUSS:START-UP & OWN-MANAGER MODULES'.
*.
VALUE LABEL OMBABYBT
0
'NOT ACTVE'
100
'ACTIVE'.
*.
IF
(OMBABYBT = 1) OMBABYBT = 100.
FREQ VAR OMBABYBT.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE = OMESTBBO BY OMESTBX.
*.
COMPUTE
OMESTBBT = OMESTBBO.
*.
IF
((OMESTBBO = 0) AND (OMESTBX = 1)) OMESTBBT = 100.
IF
(SYSMIS(OMESTBBT) = 1)
OMESTBBT = 0.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
OMESTBBT
'ESTB BUSS:START-UP & OWN-MANAGER MODULES'.
*.
VALUE LABEL OMESTBBT
0
'NOT ACTIVE'
100
'ACTIVE'.
*.
IF
(OMESTBBT = 1)
OMESTBBT = 100.
FREQ VAR OMESTBBT.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT OMBABYBT OMESTBBT/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
*=================================================================.
*.
*
F: DATA IS REASSIGNED FOR THOSE NASCENTS RECLASSIFIED AS.
*
NEW OR ESABLISHED FIRM OWNERS OR THOSE NEW OR.
*
EXTABLISHED FIRM OWNERS RECLASSIFIED AS NASCENT.
*
ENTREPRENEURS.
*.
Page 13 of 30
Page 188 of 532 Pages
*=================================================================.
*.
FREQ VAR = SUBOANW
OMBABYBO
OMESTBBO
SUBOANWX
OMBABYX
OMESTBX.
MEANS TABLE = SUBOANWX OMBABYX OMESTBX BY GEM_YR.
CROSSTABS TABLE = GEM_YR BY SUBOANWX OMBABYX OMESTBX/
CELL COUNT ROW.
DESC VAR = SUTYPE OMTYPE SU_ISIC4_4D BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*===============================================================.
*.
*
FOR ALL CASES WHERE THE ALLOCATION WAS SWITCHED
.
*
FROM BABY BUSINESS TO NASCENT ENTREPRENEUR OR
.
*
NASCENT ENTREPRENEUR TO BABY BUSINESS
.
*
SWITCH THE ASSESSMENT OF ALL DESCRIPTIVE VARIABLES
.
*.
*
WHERE CASE DOES NOT QUALITY, A 'NOT APPLICABLE' MISSING .
*
VALUE IS ASSIGNED
.
*.
*
THIS IS DONE BY REALLOCATING VALUES ONLY FOR THOSE
.
*
CASES WHERE A CASE IS NEWLY DESIGNATED AS A
.
*
NASCENT ENTREPRENEUR, BABY OR AN ESTABLISHED BUSINESS
.
*.
*===============================================================.
*.
FREQ VAR SUOWN OMOWN.
CROSSTABS TABLE = SUBOANW SUBOANWT BY SUBOANWX/
SUOWN BY SUBOANWT SUBOANW SUBOANWX/
OMOWN BY SUBOANWT SUBOANW SUBOANWX.
*.
*
RE ALLOCATE VALUES FOR NEW START-UP CASES.
*.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUOWN
= OMOWN.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUOWNERS = OMOWNERS.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUWAGEYR = OMWAGEYR.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUTYPE
= OMTYPE.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUNEWCST = OMNEWCST.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUCOMPET = OMCOMPET.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUNEWTEC = OMNEWTEC.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUNEWT_5 = OMNEWT_5.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUEXPORT = OMEXPORT.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUNOWJOB = OMNOWJOB.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUYR5JOB = OMYR5JOB.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUREASON = OMREASON.
IF
(SUBOANWX=1) SUOPTYPE = OMOPTYPE.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
*
CODING OF OWN-MANAGE BUSINESSES DONE SEPARATELY.
*
FOR BABY AND ESTABLISHED BUSINESSES AFTER 2009.
*.
*
REALLOCATION ADJUSTED FOR THIS DIFFERENCE.
*.
Page 14 of 30
Page 189 of 532 Pages
*=============================================================.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(SUBOANWX=1))
SU_ISIC4_4D = BB_ISIC4_4D.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(SUBOANWX=1)
&(MISSING(SU_ISIC4_4D) = 1))
SU_ISIC4_4D = EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*
REALLOCATE VALUES FOR NEW BABY BUSINESS CASES.
*.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMOWN
= SUOWN.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMOWNERS = SUOWNERS.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMWAGEYR = SUWAGEYR.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMTYPE
= SUTYPE.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMNEWCST = SUNEWCST.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMCOMPET = SUCOMPET.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMNEWTEC = SUNEWTEC.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMNEWT_5 = SUNEWT_5.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMEXPORT = SUEXPORT.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMNOWJOB = SUNOWJOB.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMYR5JOB = SUYR5JOB.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMREASON = SUREASON.
IF
(OMBABYX=1) OMOPTYPE = SUOPTYPE.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
*
CODING OF OWN-MANAGE BUSINESSES DONE SEPARATELY.
*
FOR BABY AND ESTABLISHED BUSINESSES AFTER 2009.
*.
*
REALLOCATION ADJUSTED FOR THIS DIFFERENCE.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(OMBABYX=1))
BB_ISIC4_4D = SU_ISIC4_4D.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(OMBABYX=1)
&(MISSING(BB_ISIC4_4D)=1))
BB_ISIC4_4D = EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
*
REALLOCATE VALUES FOR NEW ESABLISHED BUSINESS CASES.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMOWN
= SUOWN.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMOWNERS = SUOWNERS.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMWAGEYR = SUWAGEYR.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMTYPE
= SUTYPE.
Page 15 of 30
Page 190 of 532 Pages
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMNEWCST = SUNEWCST.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMCOMPET = SUCOMPET.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMNEWTEC = SUNEWTEC.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMNEWT_5 = SUNEWT_5.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMEXPORT = SUEXPORT.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMNOWJOB = SUNOWJOB.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMYR5JOB = SUYR5JOB.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMREASON = SUREASON.
IF
(OMESTBX=1) OMOPTYPE = SUOPTYPE.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
*
CODING OF OWN-MANAGE BUSINESSES DONE SEPARATELY.
*
FOR BABY AND ESTABLISHED BUSINESSES AFTER 2009.
*.
*
REALLOCATION ADJUSTED FOR THIS DIFFERENCE.
*.
*=============================================================.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(OMESTBX=1))
EB_ISIC4_4D = SU_ISIC4_4D.
*.
EXECUTE.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2010)&(OMESTBX=1)
&(MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D)=1))
EB_ISIC4_4D = BB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT SUOWN OMOWN.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE = SUOWN BY SUBOANWT SUBOANW SUBOANWX.
*.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT SUOWN
SUOWNERS
SUWAGEYR
SUTYPE
SUNEWCST SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC SUNEWT_5
SUEXPORT
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
SU_ISIC4_4D BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE = OMBABYBO BY OMBABYX.
TEMPORARY.
SELECT IF ((OMBABYBO EQ 0)&(OMBABYX=1)).
DESC VAR SETID.
CROSSTABS TABLE = OMESTBBO BY OMESTBX.
TEMPORARY.
SELECT IF ((OMESTBBO EQ 0)&(OMESTBX=1)).
DESC VAR SETID.
*.
*.
DESC VAR = SUTYPE OMTYPE SU_ISIC4_4D BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*=====================================================================.
Page 16 of 30
Page 191 of 532 Pages
*.
*
G:
ALL VALUES SET TO MISSING VALUES FOR CASES THAT DO NOT.
*
QUALIFY AS START-UPS, BABY BUSINESSES, OR ESTABLISHED .
*
BUSINESSES
.
*.
*=====================================================================.
*.
DESC VAR SUBOANWT
SUOWN
SUOWNERS
SUWAGEYR
SUTYPE
SUNEWCST
SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC
SUNEWT_5
SUEXPORT
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
SU_ISIC4_4D
OMBABYBT
OMESTBBT
OMOWN
OMOWNERS
OMWAGEYR
OMTYPE
OMNEWCST
OMCOMPET
OMNEWTEC OMNEWT_5
OMEXPORT
OMNOWJOB
OMYR5JOB
OMREASON
OMOPTYPE
BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
*.
IF ((MISSING(SUOWN)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUOWN
= 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUOWNERS)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUOWNERS = 9997.
IF ((MISSING(SUWAGEYR)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUWAGEYR = 9998.
IF ((MISSING(SUTYPE)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUTYPE
= 9997.
IF ((MISSING(SUNEWCST)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUNEWCST = 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUCOMPET)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUCOMPET = 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUNEWTEC)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUNEWTEC = 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUNEWT_5)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUNEWT_5 = 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUEXPORT)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUEXPORT = 99997.
IF ((MISSING(SUNOWJOB)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUNOWJOB = 9999997.
IF ((MISSING(SUYR5JOB)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUYR5JOB = 9999997.
IF ((MISSING(SUREASON)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUREASON = 7.
IF ((MISSING(SUOPTYPE)
NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SUOPTYPE = 7.
*.
IF ((MISSING(SU_ISIC4_4D) NE 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0)) SU_ISIC4_4D = 9997.
*.
ADD VALUE LABLES
SUOWN
SUNEWCST SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC
SUNEWT_5
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
7
'Not Applicable'/
SUWAGEYR
9998 'Not Applicable'/
SUOWNERS
SUTYPE SU_ISIC4_4D
9997 'Not Codeable/Not Applicable'/
SUEXPORT
99997 'Not Applicable'/
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
9999997
'Not Applicable'.
*.
MISSING VALUES
Page 17 of 30
Page 192 of 532 Pages
SUOWN SUNEWCST SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC
SUNEWT_5
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
(7,8,9)/
SUWAGEYR
(9998 9999)/
SUOWNERS
SUTYPE SU_ISIC4_4D
(9997,9998,9999)/
SUEXPORT
(99997,99998,99999)/
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
(9999997,9999998,9999999).
*.
*.
IF ((MISSING(OMOWN)
NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMOWN
= 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMOWNERS)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMOWNERS = 9997.
IF ((MISSING(OMWAGEYR)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMWAGEYR = 9998.
IF ((MISSING(OMTYPE) NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMTYPE
= 9997.
IF ((MISSING(OMNEWCST)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMNEWCST = 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMCOMPET)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMCOMPET = 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMNEWTEC)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMNEWTEC = 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMNEWT_5)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMNEWT_5 = 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMEXPORT)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMEXPORT =
99997.
IF ((MISSING(OMNOWJOB)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMNOWJOB =
9999997.
IF ((MISSING(OMYR5JOB)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMYR5JOB =
9999997.
IF ((MISSING(OMREASON)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMREASON = 7.
IF ((MISSING(OMOPTYPE)NE 1)&((OMBABYBT=0)&(OMESTBBT=0))) OMOPTYPE = 7.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
*.
ADD VALUE LABLES
OMOWN
OMNEWCST OMCOMPET
OMNEWTEC OMNEWT_5
OMREASON
OMOPTYPE
7
'Not Applicable'/
OMWAGEYR
9998 'Not Applicable'/
OMOWNERS
OMTYPE BB_ISIC4_4D
9997 'Not Codeable/Not Applicable'/
OMEXPORT
99997 'Not Applicable'/
OMNOWJOB
OMYR5JOB
9999997
'Not Applicable'.
*.
MISSING VALUES
OMOWN
OMNEWCST OMCOMPET
OMNEWTEC
OMNEWT_5
OMREASON
OMOPTYPE
(7,8,9)/
OMWAGEYR
(9998 9999)/
OMOWNERS
OMTYPE SU_ISIC4_4D
(9997,9998,9999)/
OMEXPORT
(99997,99998,99999)/
OMNOWJOB
OMYR5JOB
(9999997,9999998,9999999).
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
SPECIAL CASE OF POST 2009 SIC CODING NEW AND ESTABLISHED BUSS.
Page 18 of 30
Page 193 of 532 Pages
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
IF ((MISSING(BB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1) & (OMBABYBT = 0)) BB_ISIC4_4D = 9997.
IF ((MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1) & (OMESTBBT = 0)) EB_ISIC4_4D = 9997.
*.
ADD VALUE LABLES
BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D
9997 'Not Codeable/Not Applicable'.
*.
MISSING VALUES
BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D (9997, 9998, 9999).
*.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT
SUOWN
SUOWNERS
SUWAGEYR
SUTYPE
SUNEWCST SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC
SUNEWT_5
SUEXPORT
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
SU_ISIC4_4D
OMBABYBT
OMESTBBT
OMOWN
OMOWNERS
OMWAGEYR OMTYPE
OMNEWCST OMCOMPET
OMNEWTEC
OMNEWT_5
OMEXPORT
OMNOWJOB
OMYR5JOB
OMREASON
OMOPTYPE
BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT OMBABYBT OMESTBBT/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
DESC VAR SUBOANWT
SUOWN
SUOWNERS
SUWAGEYR
SUTYPE
SUNEWCST
SUCOMPET
SUNEWTEC
SUNEWT_5
SUEXPORT
SUNOWJOB
SUYR5JOB
SUREASON
SUOPTYPE
SU_ISIC4_4D
OMBABYBT
OMESTBBT
OMOWN
OMOWNERS
OMWAGEYR
OMTYPE
OMNEWCST OMCOMPET
OMNEWTEC
OMNEWT_5
OMEXPORT
OMNOWJOB
OMYR5JOB
OMREASON
OMOPTYPE
BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
FREQ VAR SUNEWT_5 OMNEWT_5/ORDER VARIABLES.
TEMPORARY.
SELECT IF (GEM_YR GE 2010).
FREQ VAR SUBOANWT OMBABYBT OMESTBBT/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
H: IDENTIFY CASES FOR TEA/EARLY STAGE ENTREPRENEURS INDEX.
Page 19 of 30
Page 194 of 532 Pages
*.
*====================================================================.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
COMPUTE TEA INDEX FOR 2000-2012 YEARS.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
MEANS TABLE SUBOANWT BY GEM_YR.
MEANS TABLE OMBABYBT BY GEM_YR.
*.
IF
(GEM_YR GE 2000)
TEA = 0.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2000)&(SUBOANWT = 100))
TEA = 100.
EXECUTE.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2000)&(OMBABYBT = 100))
TEA = 100.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
TEA
'TEA/EARLY STAGE CREATION ACTIVTY INDEX'.
VALUE LABEL TEA
0
'NOT ACTIVE'
100
'ACTIVE'.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
FREQ VAR TEA/STAT ALL.
MEANS TABLES = TEA BY GEM_YR.
*.
WEIGHT BY WEIGHT_L.
*.
FREQ VAR TEA/STAT ALL.
MEANS TABLES = TEA BY COUNTRY/TEA BY GEM_YR.
*.
WEIGHT OFF.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
I: IDENTIFY MOTIVATION FOR PARTICIPATING IN ALL STAGES OF.
*
FIRM LIFE COURSE: OPPORTUNITY, BEST CHOICE, VS OTHER.
*.
*====================================================================.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
NEW VARIABLE CREATED, REASONS FOR START-UP, FIRM OWN-MANAGMENT .
*
A THREE POINT SCALE CREATED BASED ON THE FOUR ALTERNATIVES IN
.
*
THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
FREQ VAR SUREASON OMREASON/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
COMPUTE
SUWHY = SUREASON.
COMPUTE
OMWHY = OMREASON.
*.
Page 20 of 30
Page 195 of 532 Pages
VARIABLE LABELS
SUWHY
'START-UP :REASONS RECODED'/
OMWHY
'OWN-MANAGE:REASONS RECODED'.
*.
RECODE SUWHY OMWHY
(1 = 1)
(3,4 = 0)
(2 = -1)
(5,6,7,8 = 9).
*.
ADD VALUE LABELS SUWHY OMWHY
1
'OPPORT PRIMARY'
0
'OPPORT & OTHER'
-1
'BEST CHOICE'
9
'OTHER,DK,R,MISSING'.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
FREQUENCIES VARIABLES = SUWHY OMWHY/ORDER VARIABLES.
CROSSTABS TABLES = SUWHY BY OMWHY.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2001)&(TEA = 100))
TEA_MOT = 9.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
TEA_MOT
'TEA INDEX:MOTIVATION'.
VALUE LABLELS TEA_MOT
1
'OPPORUNITY'
2
'BEST CHOICE'
3
'MIXED,OTHER'
9
'NO DATA'.
*.
FREQ VAR SUWHY OMWHY TEA_MOT/ORDER VARIABLES.
CROSSTABS TABLE SUWHY BY OMWHY/CELL COUNT TOT.
*.
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
-1) OR (OMWHY =
-1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
0) OR (OMWHY =
-1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
1) OR (OMWHY =
-1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
9) OR (OMWHY =
-1)))
*.
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
-1) OR (OMWHY =
0)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
0) OR (OMWHY =
0)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
1) OR (OMWHY =
0)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
9) OR (OMWHY =
0)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=999999) OR (OMWHY =
0)))
*.
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
-1) OR (OMWHY =
1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
0) OR (OMWHY =
1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
1) OR (OMWHY =
1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
9) OR (OMWHY =
1)))
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=999999) OR (OMWHY =
1)))
*.
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
-1) OR (OMWHY =
9)))
Page 21 of 30
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
=
=
=
=
2.
3.
3.
2.
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
=
=
=
=
=
3.
1.
1.
1.
1.
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
TEA_MOT
=
=
=
=
=
3.
1.
1.
1.
1.
TEA_MOT = 2.
Page 196 of 532 Pages
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
0) OR (OMWHY =
9)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
1) OR (OMWHY =
9)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
9) OR (OMWHY =
9)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=999999) OR (OMWHY =
9)))
TEA_MOT
*.
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
-1) OR (OMWHY =999999)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
0) OR (OMWHY =999999)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
1) OR (OMWHY =999999)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=
9) OR (OMWHY =999999)))
TEA_MOT
IF
((TEA=100)&((SUWHY=999999) OR (OMWHY =999999)))
TEA_MOT
*.
MISSING VALUES SUWHY OMWHY TEA_MOT (9).
*.
FREQ VAR SUWHY OMWHY TEA_MOT/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
CROSSTABS TABLE =
SUWHY OMWHY BY TEA_MOT.
*.
EXECUTE.
*.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2001)&(SUBOANWT = 100))
SU_MOT
= 9.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2001)&(OMBABYBT = 100))
OMBB_MOT = 9.
IF
((GEM_YR GE 2001)&(OMESTBBT = 100))
OMEB_MOT = 9.
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
SU_MOT
'START-UP
:MOTIVATION'/
OMBB_MOT 'OWN-MANAGE,BABY :MOTIVATION'/
OMEB_MOT 'OWN-MANAGE,ESTAB:MOTIVATION'.
*.
VALUE LABLELS SU_MOT OMBB_MOT OMEB_MOT
1
'OPPORUNITY'
2
'BEST CHOICE'
3
'MIXED,OTHER'
9
'NO DATA'.
*.
IF
((SUBOANWT =100)&(SUWHY=
-1)) SU_MOT = 2.
IF
((SUBOANWT =100)&(SUWHY=
0)) SU_MOT = 1.
IF
((SUBOANWT =100)&(SUWHY=
1)) SU_MOT = 1.
IF
((SUBOANWT =100)&(SUWHY=
9)) SU_MOT = 3.
*.
IF
((OMBABYBT =100)&(OMWHY=
-1)) OMBB_MOT = 2.
IF
((OMBABYBT =100)&(OMWHY=
0)) OMBB_MOT = 1.
IF
((OMBABYBT =100)&(OMWHY=
1)) OMBB_MOT = 1.
IF
((OMBABYBT =100)&(OMWHY=
9)) OMBB_MOT = 3.
*.
IF
((OMESTBBT =100)&(OMWHY=
-1)) OMEB_MOT = 2.
IF
((OMESTBBT =100)&(OMWHY=
0)) OMEB_MOT = 1.
IF
((OMESTBBT =100)&(OMWHY=
1)) OMEB_MOT = 1.
IF
((OMESTBBT =100)&(OMWHY=
9)) OMEB_MOT = 3.
*.
MISSING VALUES SUWHY OMWHY TEA_MOT SU_MOT OMBB_MOT OMEB_MOT (9).
*.
WEIGHT OFF.
Page 22 of 30
=
=
=
=
1.
1.
3.
3.
=
=
=
=
=
2.
1.
1.
3.
9.
Page 197 of 532 Pages
FREQ VAR TEA SUBOANWT OMBABYBT OMESTBBT
SUWHY OMWHY TEA_MOT SU_MOT OMBB_MOT OMEB_MOT/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
J: REASSIGN ECONOMIC SECTOR CODES FROM GEM COORDINATION.
*
ALLOCATION TO NASCENT, NEW AND ESTABLISHED FIRM CASES.
*
BASED ON HARMONIZED ASSIGNMENTS.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
REASSIGN GEM COORD NASCENT, NEW FIRM, ESTAB FIRM SECTORS.
*
TO HARMONIZED NASCENT, NEW FIRM, ESTAB FIRM CASES.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
MISSING VALUES SU_ISIC4_4D BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D
( ).
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (SUBOANWT = 100) & (MISSING(SU_ISIC4_4D) NE 1))
SUTYPE_10 = SU_ISIC4_4D.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (OMBABYBT = 100) & (MISSING(BB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1))
BBTYPE_10 = BB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (OMESTBBT = 100) & (MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1))
EBTYPE_10 = EB_ISIC4_4D.
*.
VARIABLE LABELS
SUTYPE
'START-UP SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990],B4 2010'/
OMTYPE
'OWN MGR SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990],B4 2010'/
BATYPE
'BUS ANGE SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990],B4 2010'/
SUTYPE_10 'START-UP SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008],2010 ON'/
BBTYPE_10
'NEW FIRM SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008],2010 ON'/
EBTYPE_10 'EST FIRM SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008],2010 ON'.
*.
DESC VAR SUTYPE OMTYPE BATYPE SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10.
*.
MEANS TABLE SUTYPE_10 BY SUBOANWT/
BBTYPE_10 BY OMBABYBT/
EBTYPE_10 BY OMESTBBT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
ASSIGN GEM COORD NEW FIRMS, ESTA BUS TO HARMONIZED NASCENTS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(SUTYPE_10) = 1) & (OMBABYBT = 0) &
(MISSING(BB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) SUTYPE_10 = BB_ISIC4_4D.
Page 23 of 30
Page 198 of 532 Pages
*.
MEANS TABLE SUTYPE_10 BY SUBOANWT.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(SUTYPE_10) = 1) & (OMESTBBT = 0) &
(MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) SUTYPE_10 = EB_ISIC4_4D.
MEANS TABLE SUTYPE_10 BY SUBOANWT.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
*
ASSIGN GEM COORD START-UP, ESTA BUS TO HARMONIZED NEW FIRMS.
*.
*==================================================================.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(BBTYPE_10) = 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0) &
(MISSING(SU_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) BBTYPE_10 = SU_ISIC4_4D.
*.
MEANS TABLE BBTYPE_10 BY OMBABYBT.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(BBTYPE_10) = 1) & (OMESTBBT = 0) &
(MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) BBTYPE_10 = EB_ISIC4_4D.
MEANS TABLE BBTYPE_10 BY OMBABYBT.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
ASSIGN GEM COORD START-UP, NEW FIRMS TO HARMONIZED ESTA FIRMS.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(EBTYPE_10) = 1) & (SUBOANWT = 0) &
(MISSING(SU_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) EBTYPE_10 = SU_ISIC4_4D.
*.
MEANS TABLE EBTYPE_10 BY OMESTBBT.
*.
IF ((GEM_YR GE 2010) & (MISSING(EBTYPE_10) = 1) & (OMBABYBT = 0) &
(MISSING(EB_ISIC4_4D) NE 1)) EBTYPE_10 = BB_ISIC4_4D.
MEANS TABLE EBTYPE_10 BY OMESTBBT.
*.
DESC VAR SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
*
SET VALUES FOR ALL CASES NOT MEETING HARMONIZED DEFINITION.
*
OF NASCENT, NEW, OR ESTABLISHED FIRMS TO MISSING VALUES.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
IF
((SUBOANWT = 0) & (MISSING(SUTYPE_10) NE 1)) SUTYPE_10 = 9999.
IF
((OMBABYBT = 0) & (MISSING(BBTYPE_10) NE 1)) BBTYPE_10 = 9999.
IF
((OMESTBBT = 0) & (MISSING(EBTYPE_10) NE 1)) EBTYPE_10 = 9999.
*.
DESC VAR SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10.
*.
MISSING VALUES
Page 24 of 30
Page 199 of 532 Pages
SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10
SU_ISIC4_4D BB_ISIC4_4D EB_ISIC4_4D
(9997 9998 9999).
*.
DESC VAR SUTYPE OMTYPE BATYPE SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10.
*.
MEANS TABLE
SUTYPE OMTYPE BATYPE SUTYPE_10 BBTYPE_10 EBTYPE_10 BY GEM_YR.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
K: ALLOCATE ECONOMIC SECTORS TO 11 CATEGORIES SEPARATELY.
*
FOR THE TWO SECTOR CODING SCHEMES: UN ISIC V3.1 AND .
*
UN ISIC V4.0.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
*
CREATE 11 CATEGORIES FOR UN, REV 3.1 [1990] SIC CODING.
*.
*===================================================================.
*.
COMPUTE
SUTYPE1D = SUTYPE.
COMPUTE OMTYPE1D = OMTYPE.
COMPUTE BATYPE1D = BATYPE.
VARIABLES LABLES
SUTYPE1D 'START-UP:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990]:11 CAT:B4 2010'/
OMTYPE1D 'OWN MGE :SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990]:11 CAT:B4 2010'/
BATYPE1D 'BUS ANGE:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990]:11 CAT:B4 2010'/.
*.
RECODE
SUTYPE1D OMTYPE1D BATYPE1D
( 100 THRU 599 = 1000)
(1000 THRU 1499 = 2000)
(1500 THRU 3999 = 3000)
(4000 THRU 4199 = 4000)
(4500 THRU 4599 = 2000)
(5000 THRU 5199 = 5000)
(5200 THRU 5599 = 6000)
(6000 THRU 6499 = 4000)
(6500 THRU 7099 = 7000)
(7100 THRU 7499 = 8000)
(7500 THRU 8999 = 9000)
(9000 THRU 9099 = 4000)
(9100 THRU 9199 = 10000)
(9200 THRU 9799 = 10000)
(9800 THRU 9999 = 99999).
*.
VALUE LABELS SUTYPE1D OMTYPE1D BATYPE1D
1000 'AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH'
2000 'MINING, CONSTRUCTION'
3000 'MANUFACTURING'
4000 'TRANS,COMM,UTIL'
Page 25 of 30
Page 200 of 532 Pages
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
99999
'WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR'
'RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR'
'FIN,INSUR,REAL EST'
'BUS SERVICES'
'HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV'
'CONSUMER SERVICE'
'PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION'
'OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS'.
*.
MISSING VALUES SUTYPE1D OMTYPE1D BATYPE1D (99999).
*.
FREQ VAR SUTYPE1D OMTYPE1D BATYPE1D /ORDER VARIABLES.
MEANS TABLE SUTYPE1D OMTYPE1D BATYPE1D BY GEM_YR.
*.
*===============================================================.
*.
*
CREATE 11 CATEGORIES FOR UN, REV 4.0 [2008] SIC CODING.
*.
*===============================================================.
*.
COMPUTE
SUTYPE1D_10 = SUTYPE_10.
COMPUTE BBTYPE1D_10 = BBTYPE_10.
COMPUTE EBTYPE1D_10 = EBTYPE_10.
*.
VARIABLE LABELS
SUTYPE1D_10 'START-UP:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008]:11 CAT,2010 ON'/
BBTYPE1D_10 'BABY BUS:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008]:11 CAT,2010 ON'/
EBTYPE1D_10 'ESTA BUS:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008]:11 CAT,2010 ON'.
*.
RECODE SUTYPE1D_10 BBTYPE1D_10 EBTYPE1D_10
(0100 THRU 0399 = 1000)
(0500 THRU 0999 = 2000)
(1000 THRU 3399 = 3000)
(3500 THRU 3599 = 4000)
(3600 THRU 3999 = 4000)
(4100 THRU 4399 = 2000)
(4500 THRU 4699 = 5000)
(4700 THRU 4799 = 6000)
(4900 THRU 5399 = 4000)
(5500 THRU 5699 = 6000)
(5800 THRU 6399 = 4000)
(6400 THRU 6699 = 7000)
(6800 THRU 6899 = 7000)
(6900 THRU 7599 = 8000)
(7700 THRU 8299 = 8000)
(8400 THRU 8499 = 11000)
(8500 THRU 8599 = 9000)
(8600 THRU 8899 = 9000)
(9000 THRU 9399 = 10000)
(9400 THRU 9699 = 10000)
(9700 THRU 9899 = 10000)
(9900 THRU 9999 = 99999).
*.
Page 26 of 30
Page 201 of 532 Pages
VALUE LABELS SUTYPE1D_10 BBTYPE1D_10 EBTYPE1D_10
1000 'AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH'
2000 'MINING, CONSTRUCTION'
3000 'MANUFACTURING'
4000 'TRANS,COMM,UTIL'
5000 'WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR'
6000 'RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR'
7000 'FIN,INSUR,REAL EST'
8000 'BUS SERVICES'
9000 'HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV'
10000 'CONSUMER SERVICE'
11000 'PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION'
99999
'OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS'.
*.
MISSING VALUES SUTYPE1D_10 BBTYPE1D_10 EBTYPE1D_10 (99999).
*.
FREQ VAR SUTYPE1D_10 BBTYPE1D_10 EBTYPE1D_10/ORDER VARIABLES.
*.
*================================================================.
*.
*
ASSIGN FOUR DIGIT SIC CODES TO TEA/EARLY STAGE VENTURES.
*.
*================================================================.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) AND (GEM_YR LT 2010)) TEATYPE = SUTYPE.
DESC TEATYPE.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR LT 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE) = 1))
TEATYPE = OMTYPE.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010))
TEATYPE_10 = SUTYPE_10.
DESC VAR TEATYPE_10.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE_10) = 1))
TEATYPE_10 = BBTYPE_10.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE_10.
*.
VARIABLE LABELS
TEATYPE
'TEA SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990],B4 2010'/
TEATYPE_10 'TEA SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008],2010 ON'.
*.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
L: ALLOCATE FOUR DIGIT AND 11 CATEGORIES SECTOR CODES TO.
*
CASES WITH TEA ACTIVE RESPONDENTS.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*====================================================================.
Page 27 of 30
Page 202 of 532 Pages
*.
*
ASSIGN FOUR DIGIT SIC CODES TO TEA/EARLY STAGE VENTURES.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) AND (GEM_YR LT 2010)) TEATYPE = SUTYPE.
DESC TEATYPE.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR LT 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE) = 1))
TEATYPE = OMTYPE.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010))
TEATYPE_10 = SUTYPE_10.
DESC VAR TEATYPE_10.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE_10) = 1))
TEATYPE_10 = BBTYPE_10.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE_10.
*.
VARIABLE LABELS
TEATYPE
'TEA SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990],B4 2010'/
TEATYPE_10 'TEA SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008],2010 ON'.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
ASSIGN 11 CATEGORIES SIC CODES TO TEA/EARLY STAGE VENTURES.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) & (GEM_YR LT 2010))
TEATYPE1D = SUTYPE1D.
MISSING VALUE TEATYPE1D (99999).
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE1D.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR LT 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE1D) = 1))
TEATYPE1D = OMTYPE1D.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE1D.
*.
IF ((TEA=100) & (SUBOANWT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010))
TEATYPE1D_10 = SUTYPE1D_10.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE1D_10.
IF ((TEA=100) & (OMBABYBT=100) AND (GEM_YR GE 2010)
& (MISSING(TEATYPE_10) = 1))
TEATYPE1D_10 = BBTYPE1D_10.
*.
DESC VAR TEATYPE1D_10.
*.
Page 28 of 30
Page 203 of 532 Pages
VARIABLE LABELS
TEATYPE1D 'TEA:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE3.1,1990]:11 CAT,B4 2010'/
TEATYPE1D_10
'TEA:SECTOR,ISIC[UN,RE4.0,2008]:11 CAT,2010 ON'.
*.
VALUE LABLES TEATYPE1D TEATYPE1D_10
1000 'AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH'
2000 'MINING, CONSTRUCTION'
3000 'MANUFACTURING'
4000 'TRANS,COMM,UTIL'
5000 'WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR'
6000 'RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR'
7000 'FIN,INSUR,REAL EST'
8000 'BUS SERVICES'
9000 'HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV'
10000 'CONSUMER SERVICE'
11000 'PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION'
99999
'OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS'.
*.
MISSING VALUES TEATYPE1D TEATYPE1D_10 (99999).
*.
WEIGHT OFF.
FREQUENCY VAR TEATYPE1D TEATYPE1D_10.
CROSSTABS TABLE GEM_YR BY TEA/CELL COUNT ROW.
MEANS TABLES TEATYPE TEATYPE_10 TEATYPE1D TEATYPE1D_10 BY GEM_YR.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*
M: CREATE UNIQUE CASE ID NUMBER FOR ALL CASES.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
*.
MULTIPLE DUPLICATES IN FILES USIGN SETID OR SETID_NE.
*.
*
COMPUTE UNIQUE CASE ID FOR ALL CASES.
*.
*
RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR BEGINS WITH VALUE 2,000,000, ASSIGNS.
*
12 DIGIT RANDOM NUMBER ASSIGNED TO EACH CASE.
*.
*====================================================================.
*.
SET
SEED
= 2000000.
*.
COMPUTE
ID_9812_RDM = (RV.UNIFORM(0,999999999999)).
*.
DESC VAR ID_9812_RDM.
*.
COMPUTE
ID_9812_RDM = (RND(ID_9812_RDM)).
*.
VARIABLE LABEL
ID_9812_RDM 'UNIQUE RANDOM CASE ID:1998-2014'.
FORMAT ID_9812_RDM (F14.0).
*.
FREQ VAR ID_9812_RDM/FORMAT NOTABLE/STAT ALL.
Page 29 of 30
Page 204 of 532 Pages
*.
MEANS TABLE = SETID ID_9812_RDM BY GEM_YR.
*.
SAVE
OUTFILE='C:\GEM_ICPSR_2016\SPSS_SAV\GEM_ICPSR_16_06.SAV'.
*.
FINISH.
EXECUTE.
*.
*_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16.
*_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16_22SEP16.
Page 30 of 30
Page 205 of 532 Pages
Appendix E: United Nations ISIC 1990 Revision 3.1 Listing 1
Code
A
01
011
0111
0112
0113
012
0121
0122
013
0130
014
0140
015
0150
02
020
0200
B
05
050
0500
C
10
101
1010
102
1020
103
1030
11
111
1110
112
1120
12
120
1200
13
131
1310
132
1320
14
141
1410
142
1421
1422
1429
D
15
1
Description
Agriculture, hunting and forestry
Agriculture, hunting and related service activities
Growing of crops; market gardening; horticulture
Growing of cereals and other crops n.e.c.
Growing of vegetables, horticultural specialties and nursery products
Growing of fruit, nuts, beverage and spice crops
Farming of animals
Farming of cattle, sheep, goats, horses, asses, mules and hinnies; dairy
farming
Other animal farming; production of animal products n.e.c.
Growing of crops combined with farming of animals (mixed farming)
Growing of crops combined with farming of animals (mixed farming)
Agricultural and animal husbandry service activities, except veterinary
activities
Agricultural and animal husbandry service activities, except veterinary
activities
Hunting, trapping and game propagation including related service
activities
Hunting, trapping and game propagation including related service
activities
Forestry, logging and related service activities
Forestry, logging and related service activities
Forestry, logging and related service activities
Fishing
Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service activities
incidental to fishing
Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service activities
incidental to fishing
Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service activities
incidental to fishing
Mining and quarrying
Mining of coal and lignite; extraction of peat
Mining and agglomeration of hard coal
Mining and agglomeration of hard coal
Mining and agglomeration of lignite
Mining and agglomeration of lignite
Extraction and agglomeration of peat
Extraction and agglomeration of peat
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas; service activities
incidental to oil and gas extraction excluding surveying
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas
Service activities incidental to oil and gas extraction excluding
surveying
Service activities incidental to oil and gas extraction excluding
surveying
Mining of uranium and thorium ores
Mining of uranium and thorium ores
Mining of uranium and thorium ores
Mining of metal ores
Mining of iron ores
Mining of iron ores
Mining of non-ferrous metal ores, except uranium and thorium ores
Mining of non-ferrous metal ores, except uranium and thorium ores
Other mining and quarrying
Quarrying of stone, sand and clay
Quarrying of stone, sand and clay
Mining and quarrying n.e.c.
Mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals
Extraction of salt
Other mining and quarrying n.e.c.
Manufacturing
Manufacture of food products and beverages
In the GEM data file, code values are left justified and filled with zeros to produce four digit codes, so 01 becomes
0100, 15 becomes 1500, 90 becomes 9000, and so on.
Page 1 of 10
Page 206 of 532 Pages
151
1511
1512
1513
1514
152
1520
153
1531
1532
1533
154
1541
1542
1543
1544
1549
155
1551
1552
1553
1554
16
160
1600
17
171
1711
1712
172
1721
1722
1723
1729
173
1730
18
181
1810
182
1820
19
191
1911
1912
192
1920
20
201
2010
202
2021
2022
2023
2029
21
210
2101
2102
2109
22
221
Production, processing and preservation of meat, fish, fruit, vegetables,
oils and fats
Production, processing and preserving of meat and meat products
Processing and preserving of fish and fish products
Processing and preserving of fruit and vegetables
Manufacture of vegetable and animal oils and fats
Manufacture of dairy products
Manufacture of dairy products
Manufacture of grain mill products, starches and starch products, and
prepared animal feeds
Manufacture of grain mill products
Manufacture of starches and starch products
Manufacture of prepared animal feeds
Manufacture of other food products
Manufacture of bakery products
Manufacture of sugar
Manufacture of cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery
Manufacture of macaroni, noodles, couscous and similar farinaceous
products
Manufacture of other food products n.e.c.
Manufacture of beverages
Distilling, rectifying and blending of spirits; ethyl alcohol production
from fermented materials
Manufacture of wines
Manufacture of malt liquors and malt
Manufacture of soft drinks; production of mineral waters
Manufacture of tobacco products
Manufacture of tobacco products
Manufacture of tobacco products
Manufacture of textiles
Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles
Preparation and spinning of textile fibres; weaving of textiles
Finishing of textiles
Manufacture of other textiles
Manufacture of made-up textile articles, except apparel
Manufacture of carpets and rugs
Manufacture of cordage, rope, twine and netting
Manufacture of other textiles n.e.c.
Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles
Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles
Manufacture of wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur
Manufacture of wearing apparel, except fur apparel
Manufacture of wearing apparel, except fur apparel
Dressing and dyeing of fur; manufacture of articles of fur
Dressing and dyeing of fur; manufacture of articles of fur
Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags,
saddlery, harness and footwear
Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags,
saddlery and harness
Tanning and dressing of leather
Manufacture of luggage, handbags and the like, saddlery and harness
Manufacture of footwear
Manufacture of footwear
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture;
manufacture articles of straw and plaiting materials
Sawmilling and planning of wood
Sawmilling and planning of wood
Manufacture of products of wood, cork, straw and plaiting materials
Manufacture of veneer sheets; manufacture of plywood, laminboard, particle
board and other panels and boards
Manufacture of builders' carpentry and joinery
Manufacture of wooden containers
Manufacture of other products of wood; manufacture of articles of cork,
straw and plaiting materials
Manufacture of paper and paper products
Manufacture of paper and paper products
Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard
Manufacture of corrugated paper and paperboard and of containers of paper
and paperboard
Manufacture of other articles of paper and paperboard
Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media
Publishing
Page 2 of 10
Page 207 of 532 Pages
2211
2212
2213
2219
222
2221
2222
223
2230
23
231
2310
232
2320
233
2330
24
241
2411
2412
2413
242
2421
2422
2423
2424
2429
243
2430
25
251
2511
2519
252
2520
26
261
2610
269
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2699
27
271
2710
272
2720
273
2731
2732
28
281
2811
2812
2813
289
2891
2892
2893
2899
29
291
Publishing of books, brochures, musical books and other publications
Publishing of newspapers, journals and periodicals
Publishing of recorded media
Other publishing
Printing and service activities related to printing
Printing
Service activities related to printing
Reproduction of recorded media
Reproduction of recorded media
Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel
Manufacture of coke oven products
Manufacture of coke oven products
Manufacture of refined petroleum products
Manufacture of refined petroleum products
Processing of nuclear fuel
Processing of nuclear fuel
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
Manufacture of basic chemicals
Manufacture of basic chemicals, except fertilizers and nitrogen compounds
Manufacture of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds
Manufacture of plastics in primary forms and of synthetic rubber
Manufacture of other chemical products
Manufacture of pesticides and other agro-chemical products
Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, printing ink and
mastics
Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemicals and botanical products
Manufacture of soap and detergents, cleaning and polishing preparations,
perfumes and toilet preparations
Manufacture of other chemical products n.e.c.
Manufacture of man-made fibres
Manufacture of man-made fibres
Manufacture of rubber and plastics products
Manufacture of rubber products
Manufacture of rubber tyres and tubes; retreading and rebuilding of rubber
tyres
Manufacture of other rubber products
Manufacture of plastics products
Manufacture of plastics products
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
Manufacture of glass and glass products
Manufacture of glass and glass products
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.
Manufacture of non-structural non-refractory ceramic ware
Manufacture of refractory ceramic products
Manufacture of structural non-refractory clay and ceramic products
Manufacture of cement, lime and plaster
Manufacture of articles of concrete, cement and plaster
Cutting, shaping and finishing of stone
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.
Manufacture of basic metals
Manufacture of basic iron and steel
Manufacture of basic iron and steel
Manufacture of basic precious and non-ferrous metals
Manufacture of basic precious and non-ferrous metals
Casting of metals
Casting of iron and steel
Casting of non-ferrous metals
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
Manufacture of structural metal products, tanks, reservoirs and steam
generators
Manufacture of structural metal products
Manufacture of tanks, reservoirs and containers of metal
Manufacture of steam generators, except central heating hot water boilers
Manufacture of other fabricated metal products; metal working service
activities
Forging, pressing, stamping and roll-forming of metal; powder metallurgy
Treatment and coating of metals; general mechanical engineering on a fee
or contract basis
Manufacture of cutlery, hand tools and general hardware
Manufacture of other fabricated metal products n.e.c.
Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.
Manufacture of general purpose machinery
Page 3 of 10
Page 208 of 532 Pages
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2919
292
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2929
293
2930
30
300
3000
31
311
3110
312
3120
313
3130
314
3140
315
3150
319
3190
32
321
3210
322
3220
323
3230
33
331
3311
3312
3313
332
3320
333
3330
34
341
3410
342
3420
343
3430
35
351
3511
3512
Manufacture of engines and turbines, except aircraft, vehicle and cycle
engines
Manufacture of pumps, compressors, taps and valves
Manufacture of bearings, gears, gearing and driving elements
Manufacture of ovens, furnaces and furnace burners
Manufacture of lifting and handling equipment
Manufacture of other general purpose machinery
Manufacture of special purpose machinery
Manufacture of agricultural and forestry machinery
Manufacture of machine-tools
Manufacture of machinery for metallurgy
Manufacture of machinery for mining, quarrying and construction
Manufacture of machinery for food, beverage and tobacco processing
Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
Manufacture of weapons and ammunition
Manufacture of other special purpose machinery
Manufacture of domestic appliances n.e.c.
Manufacture of domestic appliances n.e.c.
Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery
Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery
Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.
Manufacture of electric motors, generators and transformers
Manufacture of electric motors, generators and transformers
Manufacture of electricity distribution and control apparatus
Manufacture of electricity distribution and control apparatus
Manufacture of insulated wire and cable
Manufacture of insulated wire and cable
Manufacture of accumulators, primary cells and primary batteries
Manufacture of accumulators, primary cells and primary batteries
Manufacture of electric lamps and lighting equipment
Manufacture of electric lamps and lighting equipment
Manufacture of other electrical equipment n.e.c.
Manufacture of other electrical equipment n.e.c.
Manufacture of radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus
Manufacture of electronic valves and tubes and other electronic components
Manufacture of electronic valves and tubes and other electronic components
Manufacture of television and radio transmitters and apparatus for line
telephony and line telegraphy
Manufacture of television and radio transmitters and apparatus for line
telephony and line telegraphy
Manufacture of television and radio receivers, sound or video recording or
reproducing apparatus, and associated goods
Manufacture of television and radio receivers, sound or video recording or
reproducing apparatus, and associated goods
Manufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and
clocks
Manufacture of medical appliances and instruments and appliances for
measuring, checking, testing, navigating and other purposes, except
optical instruments
Manufacture of medical and surgical equipment and orthopaedic appliances
Manufacture of instruments and appliances for measuring, checking, testing,
navigating and other
purposes, except industrial process control equipment
Manufacture of industrial process control equipment
Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment
Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment
Manufacture of watches and clocks
Manufacture of watches and clocks
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
Manufacture of motor vehicles
Manufacture of motor vehicles
Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles; manufacture of
trailers and semi-trailers
Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles; manufacture of
trailers and semi-trailers
Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles and their engines
Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles and their engines
Manufacture of other transport equipment
Building and repairing of ships and boats
Building and repairing of ships
Building and repairing of pleasure and sporting boats
Page 4 of 10
Page 209 of 532 Pages
352
3520
353
3530
359
3591
3592
3599
36
361
3610
369
3691
3692
3693
3694
3699
37
371
3710
372
3720
E
40
401
4010
402
4020
403
4030
41
410
4100
F
45
451
4510
452
4520
453
4530
454
4540
455
4550
G
50
501
5010
502
5020
503
5030
504
5040
505
5050
51
511
5110
512
5121
5122
513
5131
5139
Manufacture of railway and tramway locomotives and rolling stock
Manufacture of railway and tramway locomotives and rolling stock
Manufacture of aircraft and spacecraft
Manufacture of aircraft and spacecraft
Manufacture of transport equipment n.e.c.
Manufacture of motorcycles
Manufacture of bicycles and invalid carriages
Manufacture of other transport equipment n.e.c.
Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c.
Manufacture of furniture
Manufacture of furniture
Manufacturing n.e.c.
Manufacture of jewellery and related articles
Manufacture of musical instruments
Manufacture of sports goods
Manufacture of games and toys
Other manufacturing n.e.c.
Recycling
Recycling of metal waste and scrap
Recycling of metal waste and scrap
Recycling of non-metal waste and scrap
Recycling of non-metal waste and scrap
Electricity, gas and water supply
Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply
Production, collection and distribution of electricity
Production, collection and distribution of electricity
Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains
Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains
Steam and hot water supply
Steam and hot water supply
Collection, purification and distribution of water
Collection, purification and distribution of water
Collection, purification and distribution of water
Construction
Construction
Site preparation
Site preparation
Building of complete constructions or parts thereof; civil engineering
Building of complete constructions or parts thereof; civil engineering
Building installation
Building installation
Building completion
Building completion
Renting of construction or demolition equipment with operator
Renting of construction or demolition equipment with operator
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and
personal and household goods
Sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; retail
sale of automotive fuel
Sale of motor vehicles
Sale of motor vehicles
Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles
Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles
Sale of motor vehicle parts and accessories
Sale of motor vehicle parts and accessories
Sale, maintenance and repair of motorcycles and related parts and
accessories
Sale, maintenance and repair of motorcycles and related parts and
accessories
Retail sale of automotive fuel
Retail sale of automotive fuel
Wholesale trade and commission trade, except of motor vehicles and
motorcycles
Wholesale on a fee or contract basis
Wholesale on a fee or contract basis
Wholesale of agricultural raw materials, live animals, food, beverages and
tobacco
Wholesale of agricultural raw materials and live animals
Wholesale of food, beverages and tobacco
Wholesale of household goods
Wholesale of textiles, clothing and footwear
Wholesale of other household goods
Page 5 of 10
Page 210 of 532 Pages
514
5141
5142
5143
5149
515
5150
519
5190
52
521
5211
5219
522
5220
523
5231
5232
5233
5234
5239
524
5240
525
5251
5252
5259
526
5260
H
55
551
5510
552
5520
I
60
601
6010
602
6021
6022
6023
603
6030
61
611
6110
612
6120
62
621
6210
622
6220
63
630
6301
6302
6303
6304
6309
64
641
6411
Wholesale of non-agricultural intermediate products, waste and scrap
Wholesale of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels and related products
Wholesale of metals and metal ores
Wholesale of construction materials, hardware, plumbing and heating
equipment and supplies
Wholesale of other intermediate products, waste and scrap
Wholesale of machinery, equipment and supplies
Wholesale of machinery, equipment and supplies
Other wholesale
Other wholesale
Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles; repair of personal
and household goods
Non-specialized retail trade in stores
Retail sale in non-specialized stores with food, beverages or tobacco
predominating
Other retail sale in non-specialized stores
Retail sale of food, beverages and tobacco in specialized stores
Retail sale of food, beverages and tobacco in specialized stores
Other retail trade of new goods in specialized stores
Retail sale of pharmaceutical and medical goods, cosmetic and toilet
articles
Retail sale of textiles, clothing, footwear and leather goods
Retail sale of household appliances, articles and equipment
Retail sale of hardware, paint and glass
Other retail sale in specialized stores
Retail sale of second-hand goods in stores
Retail sale of second-hand goods in stores
Retail trade not in stores
Retail sale via mail order houses
Retail sale via stalls and markets
Other non-store retail sale
Repair of personal and household goods
Repair of personal and household goods
Hotels and restaurants
Hotels and restaurants
Hotels; camping sites and other provision of short-stay accommodation
Hotels; camping sites and other provision of short-stay accommodation
Restaurants, bars and canteens
Restaurants, bars and canteens
Transport, storage and communications
Land transport; transport via pipelines
Transport via railways
Transport via railways
Other land transport
Other scheduled passenger land transport
Other non-scheduled passenger land transport
Freight transport by road
Transport via pipelines
Transport via pipelines
Water transport
Sea and coastal water transport
Sea and coastal water transport
Inland water transport
Inland water transport
Air transport
Scheduled air transport
Scheduled air transport
Non-scheduled air transport
Non-scheduled air transport
Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel
agencies
Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel
agencies
Cargo handling
Storage and warehousing
Other supporting transport activities
Activities of travel agencies and tour operators; tourist assistance
activities n.e.c.
Activities of other transport agencies
Post and telecommunications
Post and courier activities
National post activities
Page 6 of 10
Page 211 of 532 Pages
6412
642
6420
J
65
651
6511
6519
659
6591
6592
6599
66
660
6601
6602
6603
67
671
6711
6712
6719
672
6720
K
70
701
7010
702
7020
71
711
7111
7112
7113
712
7121
7122
7123
7129
713
7130
72
721
7210
722
7220
723
7230
724
7240
725
7250
729
7290
73
731
7310
732
7320
74
741
7411
7412
Courier activities other than national post activities
Telecommunications
Telecommunications
Financial intermediation
Financial intermediation, except insurance and pension funding
Monetary intermediation
Central banking
Other monetary intermediation
Other financial intermediation
Financial leasing
Other credit granting
Other financial intermediation n.e.c.
Insurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security
Insurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security
Life insurance
Pension funding
Non-life insurance
Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation
Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, except insurance and
pension funding
Administration of financial markets
Security dealing activities
Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation n.e.c.
Activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding
Activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding
Real estate, renting and business activities
Real estate activities
Real estate activities with own or leased property
Real estate activities with own or leased property
Real estate activities on a fee or contract basis
Real estate activities on a fee or contract basis
Renting of machinery and equipment without operator and of personal and
household goods
Renting of transport equipment
Renting of land transport equipment
Renting of water transport equipment
Renting of air transport equipment
Renting of other machinery and equipment
Renting of agricultural machinery and equipment
Renting of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment
Renting of office machinery and equipment (including computers)
Renting of other machinery and equipment n.e.c.
Renting of personal and household goods n.e.c.
Renting of personal and household goods n.e.c.
Computer and related activities
Hardware consultancy
Hardware consultancy
Software consultancy and supply
Software consultancy and supply
Data processing
Data processing
Data base activities
Data base activities
Maintenance and repair of office, accounting and computing machinery
Maintenance and repair of office, accounting and computing machinery
Other computer related activities
Other computer related activities
Research and development
Research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering
(NSE)
Research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering
(NSE)
Research and experimental development on social sciences and humanities
(SSH)
Research and experimental development on social sciences and humanities
(SSH)
Other business activities
Legal, accounting, book-keeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy;
market research and public
opinion polling; business and management consultancy
Legal activities
Accounting, book-keeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy
Page 7 of 10
Page 212 of 532 Pages
7413
7414
742
7421
7422
743
7430
749
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7499
L
75
751
7511
7512
7513
7514
752
7521
7522
7523
753
7530
M
80
801
8010
802
8021
8022
803
8030
809
8090
N
85
851
8511
8512
8519
852
8520
853
8531
8532
O
90
900
9000
91
911
9111
9112
912
9120
919
9191
9192
9199
92
921
9211
9212
9213
9214
Market research and public opinion polling
Business and management consultancy activities
Architectural, engineering and other technical activities
Architectural and engineering activities and related technical consultancy
Technical testing and analysis
Advertising
Advertising
Business activities n.e.c.
Labour recruitment and provision of personnel
Investigation and security activities
Building-cleaning activities
Photographic activities
Packaging activities
Other business activities n.e.c.
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
Administration of the State and the economic and social policy of the
community
General (Over-all) public service activities
Regulation of the activities of agencies that provide health care,
education, cultural services and other social services excluding social
security
Regulation of and contribution to more efficient operation of business
Ancillary service activities for the government as a whole
Provision of services to the community as a whole
Foreign affairs
Defence activities
Public order and safety activities
Compulsory social security activities
Compulsory social security activities
Education
Education
Primary education
Primary education
Secondary education
General secondary education
Technical and vocational secondary education
Higher education
Higher education
Adult and other education
Adult and other education
Health and social work
Health and social work
Human health activities
Hospital activities
Medical and dental practice activities
Other human health activities
Veterinary activities
Veterinary activities
Social work activities
Social work with accommodation
Social work without accommodation
Other community, social and personal service activities
Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities
Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities
Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities
Activities of membership organizations n.e.c.
Activities of business, employers and professional organizations
Activities of business and employers organizations
Activities of professional organizations
Activities of trade unions
Activities of trade unions
Activities of other membership organizations
Activities of religious organizations
Activities of political organizations
Activities of other membership organizations n.e.c.
Recreational, cultural and sporting activities
Motion picture, radio, television and other entertainment activities
Motion picture and video production and distribution
Motion picture projection
Radio and television activities
Dramatic arts, music and other arts activities
Page 8 of 10
Page 213 of 532 Pages
9219
922
9220
923
9231
9232
9233
924
9241
9249
93
930
9301
9302
9303
9309
P
95
950
9500
Q
99
990
9900
Other entertainment activities n.e.c.
News agency activities
News agency activities
Library, archives, museums and other cultural activities
Library and archives activities
Museums activities and preservation of historical sites and buildings
Botanical and zoological gardens and nature reserves activities
Sporting and other recreational activities
Sporting activities
Other recreational activities
Other service activities
Other service activities
Washing, and (dry-) cleaning of textile and fur products
Hairdressing and other beauty treatment
Funeral and related activities
Other service activities n.e.c.
Private households with employed persons
Private households with employed persons
Private households with employed persons
Private households with employed persons
Extra-territorial organizations and bodies
Extra-territorial organizations and bodies
Extra-territorial organizations and bodies
Extra-territorial organizations and bodies
Page 9 of 10
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Page 10 of 10
Page 215 of 532 Pages
Appendix F : United Nations ISIC 2008 Revision 4.0 Category Listing
Taken from:
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Statistical Division (2008)
International Standard Classification of All Economic Activities. Revision 4.0. New York:
United Nations.
Page 1 of 22
Page 216 of 532 Pages
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Page 217 of 532 Pages
43
Chapter I
Broad structure
The individual categories of ISIC have been aggregated into the following 21
sections:
Section
Divisions
Description
A
01–03
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
B
05–09
Mining and quarrying
C
10–33
Manufacturing
D
35
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
E
36–39
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation
activities
F
41–43
Construction
G
45–47
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
H
49–53
Transportation and storage
I
55–56
Accommodation and food service activities
J
58–63
Information and communication
K
64–66
Financial and insurance activities
L
68
Real estate activities
M
69–75
Professional, scientific and technical activities
N
77–82
Administrative and support service activities
O
84
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
P
85
Education
Q
86–88
Human health and social work activities
R
90–93
Arts, entertainment and recreation
S
94–96
Other service activities
T
97–98
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use
U
99
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
Page 218 of 532 Pages
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45
Chapter II
Detailed structure
Section A
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Division
Group
Class
Division 01
Description
Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities
011
Growing of non-perennial crops
0111
Growing of cereals (except rice), leguminous crops and oil seeds
0112
Growing of rice
0113
Growing of vegetables and melons, roots and tubers
0114
Growing of sugar cane
0115
Growing of tobacco
0116
Growing of fibre crops
0119
Growing of other non-perennial crops
0121
Growing of grapes
0122
Growing of tropical and subtropical fruits
0123
Growing of citrus fruits
0124
Growing of pome fruits and stone fruits
0125
Growing of other tree and bush fruits and nuts
0126
Growing of oleaginous fruits
0127
Growing of beverage crops
0128
Growing of spices, aromatic, drug and pharmaceutical crops
0129
Growing of other perennial crops
0130
Plant propagation
0141
Raising of cattle and buffaloes
0142
Raising of horses and other equines
0143
Raising of camels and camelids
0144
Raising of sheep and goats
0145
Raising of swine/pigs
0146
Raising of poultry
0149
Raising of other animals
012
013
Growing of perennial crops
014
015
Animal production
0150
016
Mixed farming
Support activities to agriculture and post-harvest crop activities
0161
Support activities for crop production
0162
Support activities for animal production
Page 220 of 532 Pages
46
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
017
Class
Description
0163
Post-harvest crop activities
0164
Seed processing for propagation
0170
Hunting, trapping and related service activities
Division 02
Forestry and logging
021
0210
Silviculture and other forestry activities
022
0220
Logging
023
0230
Gathering of non-wood forest products
024
0240
Support services to forestry
Division 03
Fishing and aquaculture
031
Fishing
0311
Marine fishing
0312
Freshwater fishing
0321
Marine aquaculture
0322
Freshwater aquaculture
032
Aquaculture
Section B
Mining and quarrying
Division
Group
Class
Division 05
Description
Mining of coal and lignite
051
0510
Mining of hard coal
052
0520
Mining of lignite
Division 06
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas
061
0610
Extraction of crude petroleum
062
0620
Extraction of natural gas
Division 07
Mining of metal ores
071
0710
072
Mining of iron ores
Mining of non-ferrous metal ores
0721
Mining of uranium and thorium ores
0729
Mining of other non-ferrous metal ores
Division 08
Other mining and quarrying
081
0810
Quarrying of stone, sand and clay
0891
Mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals
0892
Extraction of peat
0893
Extraction of salt
0899
Other mining and quarrying n.e.c.
089
Mining and quarrying n.e.c.
Division 09
Mining support service activities
091
0910
Support activities for petroleum and natural gas extraction
099
0990
Support activities for other mining and quarrying
Page 221 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Section C
Manufacturing
Division
Group
Class
Division 10
Description
Manufacture of food products
101
1010
Processing and preserving of meat
102
1020
Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs
103
1030
Processing and preserving of fruit and vegetables
104
1040
Manufacture of vegetable and animal oils and fats
105
1050
106
1061
1062
107
108
Manufacture of dairy products
Manufacture of grain mill products, starches and starch products
Manufacture of grain mill products
Manufacture of starches and starch products
Manufacture of other food products
1071
Manufacture of bakery products
1072
Manufacture of sugar
1073
Manufacture of cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery
1074
Manufacture of macaroni, noodles, couscous and similar farinaceous products
1075
Manufacture of prepared meals and dishes
1079
Manufacture of other food products n.e.c.
1080
Manufacture of prepared animal feeds
Division 11
Manufacture of beverages
1101
Distilling, rectifying and blending of spirits
1102
Manufacture of wines
1103
Manufacture of malt liquors and malt
1104
Manufacture of soft drinks; production of mineral waters and other bottled waters
Division 12
Manufacture of tobacco products
120
1200
Division 13
Manufacture of tobacco products
Manufacture of textiles
131
Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles
1311
Preparation and spinning of textile fibres
1312
Weaving of textiles
1313
Finishing of textiles
1391
Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics
1392
Manufacture of made-up textile articles, except apparel
1393
Manufacture of carpets and rugs
1394
Manufacture of cordage, rope, twine and netting
1399
Manufacture of other textiles n.e.c.
139
Manufacture of other textiles
Division 14
Manufacture of wearing apparel
141
1410
Manufacture of wearing apparel, except fur apparel
142
1420
Manufacture of articles of fur
143
1430
Manufacture of knitted and crocheted apparel
47
Page 222 of 532 Pages
48
Division
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Group
Class
Division 15
Description
Manufacture of leather and related products
151
152
Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery and
harness; dressing and dyeing of fur
1511
Tanning and dressing of leather; dressing and dyeing of fur
1512
Manufacture of luggage, handbags and the like, saddlery and harness
1520
Manufacture of footwear
Division 16
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture;
manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials
161
1610
Sawmilling and planing of wood
1621
Manufacture of veneer sheets and wood-based panels
1622
Manufacture of builders’ carpentry and joinery
1623
Manufacture of wooden containers
1629
Manufacture of other products of wood; manufacture of articles of cork, straw and
plaiting materials
162
Manufacture of products of wood, cork, straw and plaiting materials
Division 17
Manufacture of paper and paper products
1701
Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard
1702
Manufacture of corrugated paper and paperboard and of containers of paper and
paperboard
1709
Manufacture of other articles of paper and paperboard
Division 18
Printing and reproduction of recorded media
181
182
Printing and service activities related to printing
1811
Printing
1812
Service activities related to printing
1820
Reproduction of recorded media
Division 19
Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
191
1910
Manufacture of coke oven products
192
1920
Manufacture of refined petroleum products
Division 20
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
201
Manufacture of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics and
synthetic rubber in primary forms
2011
Manufacture of basic chemicals
2012
Manufacture of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds
2013
Manufacture of plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms
2021
Manufacture of pesticides and other agrochemical products
2022
Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, printing ink and mastics
2023
Manufacture of soap and detergents, cleaning and polishing preparations, perfumes
and toilet preparations
2029
Manufacture of other chemical products n.e.c.
2030
Manufacture of man-made fibres
202
203
Manufacture of other chemical products
Division 21
Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products
210
2100
Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products
Page 223 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Division 22
49
Description
Manufacture of rubber and plastics products
221
222
Manufacture of rubber products
2211
Manufacture of rubber tyres and tubes; retreading and rebuilding of rubber tyres
2219
Manufacture of other rubber products
2220
Manufacture of plastics products
Division 23
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
231
2310
Manufacture of glass and glass products
2391
Manufacture of refractory products
2392
Manufacture of clay building materials
2393
Manufacture of other porcelain and ceramic products
2394
Manufacture of cement, lime and plaster
2395
Manufacture of articles of concrete, cement and plaster
2396
Cutting, shaping and finishing of stone
2399
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.
239
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products n.e.c.
Division 24
Manufacture of basic metals
241
2410
Manufacture of basic iron and steel
242
2420
Manufacture of basic precious and other non-ferrous metals
243
Casting of metals
2431
Casting of iron and steel
2432
Casting of non-ferrous metals
Division 25
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment
251
252
Manufacture of structural metal products, tanks, reservoirs and steam generators
2511
Manufacture of structural metal products
2512
Manufacture of tanks, reservoirs and containers of metal
2513
Manufacture of steam generators, except central heating hot water boilers
2520
Manufacture of weapons and ammunition
259
Manufacture of other fabricated metal products; metalworking service activities
2591
Forging, pressing, stamping and roll-forming of metal; powder metallurgy
2592
Treatment and coating of metals; machining
2593
Manufacture of cutlery, hand tools and general hardware
2599
Manufacture of other fabricated metal products n.e.c.
Division 26
Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products
261
2610
Manufacture of electronic components and boards
262
2620
Manufacture of computers and peripheral equipment
263
2630
Manufacture of communication equipment
264
2640
265
266
Manufacture of consumer electronics
Manufacture of measuring, testing, navigating and control equipment; watches and
clocks
2651
Manufacture of measuring, testing, navigating and control equipment
2652
Manufacture of watches and clocks
2660
Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment
Page 224 of 532 Pages
50
Division
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Group
Class
Description
267
2670
Manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment
268
2680
Manufacture of magnetic and optical media
Division 27
Manufacture of electrical equipment
271
2710
272
2720
273
Manufacture of electric motors, generators, transformers and electricity distribution
and control apparatus
Manufacture of batteries and accumulators
Manufacture of wiring and wiring devices
2731
Manufacture of fibre optic cables
2732
Manufacture of other electronic and electric wires and cables
2733
Manufacture of wiring devices
274
2740
Manufacture of electric lighting equipment
275
2750
Manufacture of domestic appliances
279
2790
Manufacture of other electrical equipment
Division 28
Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.
281
Manufacture of general-purpose machinery
2811
Manufacture of engines and turbines, except aircraft, vehicle and cycle engines
2812
Manufacture of fluid power equipment
2813
Manufacture of other pumps, compressors, taps and valves
2814
Manufacture of bearings, gears, gearing and driving elements
2815
Manufacture of ovens, furnaces and furnace burners
2816
Manufacture of lifting and handling equipment
2817
Manufacture of office machinery and equipment (except computers and peripheral
equipment)
2818
Manufacture of power-driven hand tools
2819
282
Manufacture of other general-purpose machinery
Manufacture of special-purpose machinery
2821
Manufacture of agricultural and forestry machinery
2822
Manufacture of metal-forming machinery and machine tools
2823
Manufacture of machinery for metallurgy
2824
Manufacture of machinery for mining, quarrying and construction
2825
Manufacture of machinery for food, beverage and tobacco processing
2826
Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
2829
Manufacture of other special-purpose machinery
Division 29
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers
291
2910
Manufacture of motor vehicles
292
2920
Manufacture of bodies (coachwork) for motor vehicles; manufacture of trailers and
semi-trailers
293
2930
Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles
Division 30
Manufacture of other transport equipment
301
Building of ships and boats
3011
302
Building of ships and floating structures
3012
Building of pleasure and sporting boats
3020
Manufacture of railway locomotives and rolling stock
Page 225 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Description
303
3030
Manufacture of air and spacecraft and related machinery
304
3040
Manufacture of military fighting vehicles
3091
Manufacture of motorcycles
3092
Manufacture of bicycles and invalid carriages
3099
Manufacture of other transport equipment n.e.c.
309
Manufacture of transport equipment n.e.c.
Division 31
Manufacture of furniture
310
3100
Division 32
Manufacture of furniture
Other manufacturing
321
Manufacture of jewellery, bijouterie and related articles
3211
Manufacture of jewellery and related articles
3212
Manufacture of imitation jewellery and related articles
322
3220
Manufacture of musical instruments
323
3230
Manufacture of sports goods
324
3240
Manufacture of games and toys
325
3250
Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and supplies
329
3290
Other manufacturing n.e.c.
Division 33
Repair and installation of machinery and equipment
331
332
Repair of fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment
3311
Repair of fabricated metal products
3312
Repair of machinery
3313
Repair of electronic and optical equipment
3314
Repair of electrical equipment
3315
Repair of transport equipment, except motor vehicles
3319
Repair of other equipment
3320
Installation of industrial machinery and equipment
Section D
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
Division
Group
Class
Division 35
Description
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
351
3510
Electric power generation, transmission and distribution
352
3520
Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains
353
3530
Steam and air conditioning supply
Section E
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 36
Description
Water collection, treatment and supply
360
3600
Water collection, treatment and supply
51
Page 226 of 532 Pages
52
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
Class
Division 37
Description
Sewerage
370
3700
Division 38
Sewerage
Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery
381
Waste collection
3811
3812
382
Collection of hazardous waste
Waste treatment and disposal
3821
383
Collection of non-hazardous waste
Treatment and disposal of non-hazardous waste
3822
Treatment and disposal of hazardous waste
3830
Materials recovery
Division 39
Remediation activities and other waste management services
390
3900
Remediation activities and other waste management services
Class
Description
Section F
Construction
Division
Group
Division 41
Construction of buildings
410
4100
Division 42
Construction of buildings
Civil engineering
421
4210
Construction of roads and railways
422
4220
Construction of utility projects
429
4290
Construction of other civil engineering projects
Division 43
Specialized construction activities
431
Demolition and site preparation
4311
Demolition
4312
Site preparation
4321
Electrical installation
4322
Plumbing, heat and air-conditioning installation
432
Electrical, plumbing and other construction installation activities
4329
Other construction installation
433
4330
Building completion and finishing
439
4390
Other specialized construction activities
Section G
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
Division
Group
Class
Division 45
Description
Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
451
4510
Sale of motor vehicles
452
4520
Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles
Page 227 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Description
453
4530
Sale of motor vehicle parts and accessories
454
4540
Sale, maintenance and repair of motorcycles and related parts and accessories
Division 46
53
Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
461
4610
Wholesale on a fee or contract basis
462
4620
Wholesale of agricultural raw materials and live animals
463
4630
464
4641
4649
465
Wholesale of textiles, clothing and footwear
Wholesale of other household goods
Wholesale of machinery, equipment and supplies
4651
Wholesale of computers, computer peripheral equipment and software
4652
Wholesale of electronic and telecommunications equipment and parts
4653
Wholesale of agricultural machinery, equipment and supplies
4659
Wholesale of other machinery and equipment
4661
Wholesale of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels and related products
4662
Wholesale of metals and metal ores
4663
Wholesale of construction materials, hardware, plumbing and heating equipment
and supplies
4669
Wholesale of waste and scrap and other products n.e.c.
4690
Non-specialized wholesale trade
466
469
Wholesale of food, beverages and tobacco
Wholesale of household goods
Other specialized wholesale
Division 47
Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles
471
Retail sale in non-specialized stores
4711
Retail sale in non-specialized stores with food, beverages or tobacco predominating
4719
Other retail sale in non-specialized stores
472
473
Retail sale of food, beverages and tobacco in specialized stores
4721
Retail sale of food in specialized stores
4722
Retail sale of beverages in specialized stores
4723
Retail sale of tobacco products in specialized stores
4730
474
Retail sale of automotive fuel in specialized stores
Retail sale of information and communications equipment in specialized stores
4741
4742
475
Retail sale of computers, peripheral units, software and telecommunications
equipment in specialized stores
Retail sale of audio and video equipment in specialized stores
Retail sale of other household equipment in specialized stores
4751
Retail sale of textiles in specialized stores
4752
Retail sale of hardware, paints and glass in specialized stores
4753
Retail sale of carpets, rugs, wall and floor coverings in specialized stores
4759
Retail sale of electrical household appliances, furniture, lighting equipment and
other household articles in specialized stores
476
Retail sale of cultural and recreation goods in specialized stores
4761
Retail sale of books, newspapers and stationary in specialized stores
4762
Retail sale of music and video recordings in specialized stores
Page 228 of 532 Pages
54
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
Class
Description
4763
Retail sale of sporting equipment in specialized stores
4764
477
Retail sale of games and toys in specialized stores
Retail sale of other goods in specialized stores
4771
Retail sale of clothing, footwear and leather articles in specialized stores
4772
Retail sale of pharmaceutical and medical goods, cosmetic and toilet articles in
specialized stores
4773
Other retail sale of new goods in specialized stores
4774
Retail sale of second-hand goods
4781
Retail sale via stalls and markets of food, beverages and tobacco products
4782
Retail sale via stalls and markets of textiles, clothing and footwear
4789
Retail sale via stalls and markets of other goods
478
Retail sale via stalls and markets
479
Retail trade not in stores, stalls or markets
4791
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet
4799
Other retail sale not in stores, stalls or markets
Section H
Transportation and storage
Division
Group
Class
Division 49
Description
Land transport and transport via pipelines
491
Transport via railways
4911
4912
492
493
Passenger rail transport, interurban
Freight rail transport
Other land transport
4921
Urban and suburban passenger land transport
4922
Other passenger land transport
4923
Freight transport by road
4930
Transport via pipeline
Division 50
Water transport
501
Sea and coastal water transport
5011
Sea and coastal passenger water transport
5012
Sea and coastal freight water transport
5021
Inland passenger water transport
5022
Inland freight water transport
502
Inland water transport
Division 51
Air transport
511
5110
Passenger air transport
512
5120
Freight air transport
Division 52
Warehousing and support activities for transportation
521
5210
522
Warehousing and storage
Support activities for transportation
5221
Service activities incidental to land transportation
Page 229 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Description
5222
Service activities incidental to water transportation
5223
Service activities incidental to air transportation
5224
Cargo handling
5229
Other transportation support activities
Division 53
Postal and courier activities
531
5310
Postal activities
532
5320
Courier activities
Section I
Accommodation and food service activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 55
Description
Accommodation
551
5510
Short term accommodation activities
552
5520
Camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks
559
5590
Other accommodation
Division 56
Food and beverage service activities
561
5610
562
5621
563
Restaurants and mobile food service activities
Event catering and other food service activities
Event catering
5629
Other food service activities
5630
Beverage serving activities
Section J
Information and communication
Division
Group
Class
Division 58
Description
Publishing activities
581
582
Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing activities
5811
Book publishing
5812
Publishing of directories and mailing lists
5813
Publishing of newspapers, journals and periodicals
5819
Other publishing activities
5820
Software publishing
Division 59
Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording
and music publishing activities
591
592
Motion picture, video and television programme activities
5911
Motion picture, video and television programme production activities
5912
Motion picture, video and television programme post-production activities
5913
Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities
5914
Motion picture projection activities
5920
Sound recording and music publishing activities
55
Page 230 of 532 Pages
56
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
Class
Division 60
Description
Programming and broadcasting activities
601
6010
Radio broadcasting
602
6020
Television programming and broadcasting activities
Division 61
Telecommunications
611
6110
Wired telecommunications activities
612
6120
Wireless telecommunications activities
613
6130
Satellite telecommunications activities
619
6190
Other telecommunications activities
Division 62
Computer programming, consultancy and related activities
6201
Computer programming activities
6202
Computer consultancy and computer facilities management activities
6209
Other information technology and computer service activities
Division 63
Information service activities
631
Data processing, hosting and related activities; web portals
6311
6312
639
Data processing, hosting and related activities
Web portals
Other information service activities
6391
News agency activities
6399
Other information service activities n.e.c.
Section K
Financial and insurance activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 64
Description
Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding
641
Monetary intermediation
6411
Central banking
6419
Other monetary intermediation
642
6420
Activities of holding companies
643
6430
Trusts, funds and similar financial entities
6491
Financial leasing
6492
Other credit granting
6499
Other financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding activities,
n.e.c.
649
Other financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding activities
Division 65
Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security
651
Insurance
6511
Life insurance
6512
Non-life insurance
652
6520
Reinsurance
653
6530
Pension funding
Page 231 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Division 66
Description
Activities auxiliary to financial service and insurance activities
661
Activities auxiliary to financial service activities, except insurance and pension
funding
6611
Administration of financial markets
6612
Security and commodity contracts brokerage
6619
662
663
Other activities auxiliary to financial service activities
Activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding
6621
Risk and damage evaluation
6622
Activities of insurance agents and brokers
6629
Other activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding
6630
Fund management activities
Section L
Real estate activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 68
Description
Real estate activities
681
6810
Real estate activities with own or leased property
682
6820
Real estate activities on a fee or contract basis
Section M
Professional, scientific and technical activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 69
Description
Legal and accounting activities
691
6910
Legal activities
692
6920
Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy
Division 70
Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities
701
7010
Activities of head offices
702
7020
Management consultancy activities
Division 71
Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis
711
7110
Architectural and engineering activities and related technical consultancy
712
7120
Technical testing and analysis
Division 72
Scientific research and development
721
7210
Research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering
722
7220
Research and experimental development on social sciences and humanities
Division 73
Advertising and market research
731
7310
Advertising
732
7320
Market research and public opinion polling
Division 74
Other professional, scientific and technical activities
741
7410
Specialized design activities
742
7420
Photographic activities
749
7490
Other professional, scientific and technical activities n.e.c.
57
Page 232 of 532 Pages
58
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
Class
Division 75
Description
Veterinary activities
750
7500
Veterinary activities
Section N
Administrative and support service activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 77
Description
Rental and leasing activities
771
7710
772
Renting and leasing of motor vehicles
Renting and leasing of personal and household goods
7721
Renting and leasing of recreational and sports goods
7722
Renting of video tapes and disks
7729
Renting and leasing of other personal and household goods
773
7730
Renting and leasing of other machinery, equipment and tangible goods
774
7740
Leasing of intellectual property and similar products, except copyrighted works
Division 78
Employment activities
781
7810
Activities of employment placement agencies
782
7820
Temporary employment agency activities
783
7830
Other human resources provision
Division 79
Travel agency, tour operator, reservation service and related activities
791
Travel agency and tour operator activities
7911
799
Travel agency activities
7912
Tour operator activities
7990
Other reservation service and related activities
Division 80
Security and investigation activities
801
8010
Private security activities
802
8020
Security systems service activities
803
8030
Investigation activities
Division 81
Services to buildings and landscape activities
811
8110
812
813
Combined facilities support activities
Cleaning activities
8121
General cleaning of buildings
8129
Other building and industrial cleaning activities
8130
Landscape care and maintenance service activities
Division 82
Office administrative, office support and other business support activities
821
Office administrative and support activities
8211
Combined office administrative service activities
8219
Photocopying, document preparation and other specialized office support activities
822
8220
Activities of call centres
823
8230
829
Organization of conventions and trade shows
Business support service activities n.e.c.
8291
Activities of collection agencies and credit bureaus
Page 233 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Description
8292
Packaging activities
8299
Other business support service activities n.e.c.
59
Section O
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
Division
Group
Class
Division 84
Description
Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
841
Administration of the State and the economic and social policy of the community
8411
General public administration activities
8412
Regulation of the activities of providing health care, education, cultural services and
other social services, excluding social security
8413
Regulation of and contribution to more efficient operation of businesses
842
Provision of services to the community as a whole
8421
Foreign affairs
8422
Defence activities
8423
Public order and safety activities
843
8430
Compulsory social security activities
Group
Class
Description
Section P
Education
Division
Division 85
Education
851
8510
Pre-primary and primary education
8521
General secondary education
8522
Technical and vocational secondary education
8530
Higher education
8541
Sports and recreation education
8542
Cultural education
852
853
Secondary education
854
855
Other education
8549
Other education n.e.c.
8550
Educational support activities
Section Q
Human health and social work activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 86
Description
Human health activities
861
8610
Hospital activities
862
8620
Medical and dental practice activities
869
8690
Other human health activities
Page 234 of 532 Pages
60
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4
Division
Group
Class
Division 87
Description
Residential care activities
871
8710
Residential nursing care facilities
872
8720
Residential care activities for mental retardation, mental health and substance abuse
873
8730
Residential care activities for the elderly and disabled
879
8790
Other residential care activities
Division 88
Social work activities without accommodation
881
8810
Social work activities without accommodation for the elderly and disabled
889
8890
Other social work activities without accommodation
Section R
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Division
Group
Class
Division 90
Description
Creative, arts and entertainment activities
900
9000
Division 91
Creative, arts and entertainment activities
Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities
9101
Library and archives activities
9102
Museums activities and operation of historical sites and buildings
9103
Botanical and zoological gardens and nature reserves activities
Division 92
Gambling and betting activities
920
9200
Division 93
Gambling and betting activities
Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities
931
Sports activities
9311
Operation of sports facilities
9312
Activities of sports clubs
9319
932
Other sports activities
Other amusement and recreation activities
9321
Activities of amusement parks and theme parks
9329
Other amusement and recreation activities n.e.c.
Section S
Other service activities
Division
Group
Class
Division 94
Description
Activities of membership organizations
941
942
Activities of business, employers and professional membership organizations
9411
Activities of business and employers membership organizations
9412
Activities of professional membership organizations
9420
949
Activities of trade unions
Activities of other membership organizations
9491
Activities of religious organizations
Page 235 of 532 Pages
Detailed structure
Division
Group
Class
Description
9492
Activities of political organizations
9499
Activities of other membership organizations n.e.c.
Division 95
61
Repair of computers and personal and household goods
951
Repair of computers and communication equipment
9511
9512
952
Repair of computers and peripheral equipment
Repair of communication equipment
Repair of personal and household goods
9521
Repair of consumer electronics
9522
Repair of household appliances and home and garden equipment
9523
Repair of footwear and leather goods
9524
Repair of furniture and home furnishings
9529
Repair of other personal and household goods
Division 96
Other personal service activities
9601
Washing and (dry-) cleaning of textile and fur products
9602
Hairdressing and other beauty treatment
9603
Funeral and related activities
9609
Other personal service activities n.e.c.
Section T
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing
activities of households for own use
Division
Group
Class
Division 97
Description
Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel
970
9700
Division 98
Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel
Undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of private households
for own use
981
9810
Undifferentiated goods-producing activities of private households for own use
982
9820
Undifferentiated service-producing activities of private households for own use
Section U
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
Division
Group
Class
Division 99
Description
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
990
9900
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies
Page 236 of 532 Pages
This page is blank.
Page 22 of 22
ICPSR 20320
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor [GEM]: Adult Population
Survey Data Set, 1998-2012
Variable Description and Frequencies
Note: Frequencies displayed for the variables are not
weighted. They are purely descriptive and may not be
representative of the study population. Please review any
sampling or weighting information available with the study.
Summary statistics (minimum, maximum, mean, median, and
standard deviation) may not be available for every variable in
the codebook. Conversely, a listing of frequencies in table
format may not be present for every variable in the codebook
either. However, all variables in the dataset are present and
display sufficient information about each variable. These
decisions are made intentionally and are at the discretion of
the archive producing this codebook.
-1-
GEM_YR: GEM PROC: GEM PROJECT YEAR
GEM PROJECT YEAR
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1998
1998 GEM YR
5018
0.3 %
1999
1999 GEM YR
10420
0.6 %
2000
2000 GEM YR
46363
2.5 %
2001
2001 GEM YR
76819
4.2 %
2002
2002 GEM YR
116776
6.4 %
2003
2003 GEM YR
102878
5.6 %
2004
2004 GEM YR
145189
7.9 %
2005
2005 GEM YR
118191
6.5 %
2006
2006 GEM YR
171631
9.4 %
2007
2007 GEM YR
155183
8.5 %
2008
2008 GEM YR
134990
7.4 %
2009
2009 GEM YR
183074
10.0 %
2010
2010 GEM YR
184102
10.1 %
2011
2011 GEM YR
171297
9.4 %
2012
2012 GEM YR
207582
11.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1998.00
• Maximum: 2012.00
Location: 1-4 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
SETID: GEM PROC: CASE ID+COUNTRY+PROJECT YEAR
CASE ID+COUNTRY+PROJECT YEAR
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 161913242876.88
Minimum: 1000018.00
Maximum: 8601002050023.00
Standard Deviation: 402244123957.35
Location: 5-17 (width: 13; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
ID_9812_RDM: GEM PROC: UNIQUE CASE RANDOM ID:1988-2012
UNIQUE CASE RANDOM ID:1988-2012
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
-2-
•
•
•
•
Mean: 500066052914.60
Minimum: 117347.00
Maximum: 999998336657.00
Standard Deviation: 288711939731.47
Location: 18-29 (width: 12; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
COUNTRY: GEM PROC: INTERNATIONAL PHONE ACCESS CODE
INTERNATIONAL PHONE ACCESS CODE
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
US:UNITED STATES
57991
3.2 %
7
RU:RUSSIA
24167
1.3 %
20
EG:EGYPT
7906
0.4 %
27
ZA:SOUTH AFRICA
41056
2.2 %
30
GR:GREECE
20008
1.1 %
31
NL:NETHERLANDS
40205
2.2 %
32
BE:BELGIUM
34111
1.9 %
33
FR:FRANCE
28983
1.6 %
34
ES:SPAIN
231140
12.6 %
36
HU:HUNGRY
23759
1.3 %
39
IT:ITALY
28868
1.6 %
40
RO:ROMANIA
12612
0.7 %
41
SW:SWITZERLAND
19637
1.1 %
43
AT:AUSTRIA
8782
0.5 %
44
UK:UNITED KINGDOM
237057
13.0 %
45
DK:DENMARK
35279
1.9 %
46
SE:SWEDEN
48915
2.7 %
47
NO:NORWAY
27964
1.5 %
48
PL:POLAND
10004
0.5 %
49
DE:GERMANY
76692
4.2 %
51
PE:PERU
16266
0.9 %
52
MX:MEXICO
17277
0.9 %
54
AR:ARGENTINA
26089
1.4 %
55
BR:BRAZIL
35999
2.0 %
56
CL:CHILE
35825
2.0 %
57
CO:COLUMBIA
36033
2.0 %
60
MY:MALAYSIA
10076
0.6 %
61
AU:AUSTRALIA
20723
1.1 %
62
ID:INDONESIA
2000
0.1 %
63
PH:PHILIPPINES
2000
0.1 %
64
NZ:NEW ZEALAND
8818
0.5 %
-3-
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
65
SG:SINGAPORE
23743
1.3 %
66
TH:THAILAND
12043
0.7 %
81
JP:JAPAN
25996
1.4 %
82
KR:KOREA(SOUTH)
16028
0.9 %
86
CH:CHINA
25494
1.4 %
90
TR:TURKEY
14420
0.8 %
91
IN:INDIA
15453
0.8 %
92
PK:PAKISTAN
6009
0.3 %
98
IR:IRAN
16363
0.9 %
101
CA:CANADA
21360
1.2 %
212
MA:MOROCCO
1500
0.1 %
213
DZ:ALGERIA
10422
0.6 %
216
TN:TUNISIA
6001
0.3 %
233
GH:GHANA
4669
0.3 %
234
NG:NIGERIA
4731
0.3 %
244
AO:ANGOLA
6321
0.3 %
246
BB:BARBADOS
4983
0.3 %
251
ET:ETHIOPIA
3005
0.2 %
256
UG:UGANDA
9725
0.5 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8601.00
Location: 30-33 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
CTRYALP: GEM PROC: UNIQUE 1 CHAR ALPHA COUNTRY ID
UNIQUE 1 CHAR ALPHA COUNTRY ID
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
AE
AE:UNITED ARAB EMIRAT
9266
0.5 %
AO
AO:ANGOLA
6321
0.3 %
AR
AR:ARGENTINA
26089
1.4 %
AT
AT:AUSTRIA
8782
0.5 %
AU
AU:AUSTRALIA
20723
1.1 %
AZ
AZ:AZORES (PORTUGAL)
1010
0.1 %
BA
BA:BOSNIA,HERZEGOVINA
10306
0.6 %
-4-
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
BB
BB:BARBADOS
4983
0.3 %
BD
BD:BANGLADESH
2000
0.1 %
BE
BE:BELGIUM
34111
1.9 %
BO
BO:BOLIVA
5524
0.3 %
BR
BR:BRAZIL
35999
2.0 %
BW
BW:BOTSWANA
2003
0.1 %
CA
CA:CANADA
21360
1.2 %
CH
CH:CHINA
25494
1.4 %
CL
CL:CHILE
35825
2.0 %
CO
CO:COLUMBIA
36033
2.0 %
CR
CR:COSTA RICA
4044
0.2 %
CS
CS:SHENZHEN (CHINA)
4040
0.2 %
CZ
CZ:CZECH REPUBLIC
4006
0.2 %
DE
DE:GERMANY
76692
4.2 %
DK
DK:DENMARK
35279
1.9 %
DO
DO:DOMINICAN REPUBL
6107
0.3 %
DZ
DZ:ALGERIA
10422
0.6 %
EC
EC:ECUADOR
10433
0.6 %
EE
EE:ESTONIA
2004
0.1 %
EG
EG:EGYPT
7906
0.4 %
ES
ES:SPAIN
231140
12.6 %
ET
ET:ETHIOPA
3005
0.2 %
FI
FI:FINLAND
28103
1.5 %
FR
FR:FRANCE
28983
1.6 %
GH
GH:GHANA
4669
0.3 %
GR
GR:GREECE
20008
1.1 %
GT
GT:GUATEMALA
6873
0.4 %
HK
HK:HONG KONG(SAR)
10062
0.5 %
HR
HR:CROATIA
22013
1.2 %
HU
HU:HUNGRY
23759
1.3 %
ID
ID:INDONESIA
2000
0.1 %
IE
IE:IRELAND
23904
1.3 %
IL
IL:ISRAEL
19741
1.1 %
IN
IN:INDIA
15453
0.8 %
IR
IR:IRAN
16363
0.9 %
IS
IS:ICELAND
18026
1.0 %
IT
IT:ITALY
28868
1.6 %
JM
JM:JAMICA
16602
0.9 %
JO
JO:JORDAN
4006
0.2 %
-5-
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
JP
JP:JAPAN
25996
1.4 %
KR
KR:KOREA(SOUTH)
16028
0.9 %
KZ
KZ:KAZAKHSTAN
2000
0.1 %
LB
LB:LEBANON
2000
0.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
Location: 34-35 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: character
NAME: GEM PROC: COUNTRY NAME:20 CHAR ALPHA
COUNTRY NAME:20 CHAR ALPHA
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Algeria
-
10422
0.6 %
Angola
-
6321
0.3 %
Argentina
-
26089
1.4 %
Australia
-
20723
1.1 %
Austria
-
8782
0.5 %
Azores (Portugal)
-
1010
0.1 %
Bangladesh
-
2000
0.1 %
Barbados
-
4983
0.3 %
Belgium
-
34111
1.9 %
Bolivia
-
5524
0.3 %
Bosnia & Herzegovina
-
10306
0.6 %
Botswana
-
2003
0.1 %
Brazil
-
35999
2.0 %
Canada
-
21360
1.2 %
Chile
-
35825
2.0 %
China
-
25494
1.4 %
Colombia
-
36033
2.0 %
Costa Rica
-
4044
0.2 %
Croatia
-
22013
1.2 %
Czech Republic
-
4006
0.2 %
Denmark
-
35279
1.9 %
Dominican Republic
-
6107
0.3 %
Ecuador
-
10433
0.6 %
Egypt
-
7906
0.4 %
-6-
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
El Salvador
-
2180
0.1 %
Estonia
-
2004
0.1 %
Ethiopia
-
3005
0.2 %
Finland
-
28103
1.5 %
France
-
28983
1.6 %
Germany
-
76692
4.2 %
Ghana
-
4669
0.3 %
Greece
-
20008
1.1 %
Guatemala
-
6873
0.4 %
Hong Kong
-
10062
0.5 %
Hungary
-
23759
1.3 %
Iceland
-
18026
1.0 %
India
-
15453
0.8 %
Indonesia
-
2000
0.1 %
Iran
-
16363
0.9 %
Ireland
-
23904
1.3 %
Israel
-
19741
1.1 %
Italy
-
28868
1.6 %
Jamaica
-
16602
0.9 %
Japan
-
25996
1.4 %
Jordan
-
4006
0.2 %
Kazakhstan
-
2000
0.1 %
Korea, South
-
16028
0.9 %
Latvia
-
15937
0.9 %
Lebanon
-
2000
0.1 %
Lithuania
-
4006
0.2 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
Location: 36-55 (width: 20; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: character
WEIGHT: GEM PROC: SURVEY VENDOR WEIGHT, ALL CASES
SURVEY VENDOR WEIGHT, ALL CASES
Based upon 1,643,749 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Mean: 1.000001366444
• Minimum: 0.000000000000
-7-
• Maximum: 31.157135772181
• Standard Deviation: 0.738349150772
Location: 56-70 (width: 15; decimal: 12)
Variable Type: numeric
WEIGHT_L: GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18-64 YEARS OLD
WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18-64 YEARS OLD
Based upon 1,669,292 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 1.000221667807
Minimum: 0.000000000000
Maximum: 41.627953001648
Standard Deviation: 0.745029225885
Location: 71-85 (width: 15; decimal: 12)
Variable Type: numeric
WEIGHT_A: GEM PROC: WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18 AND OLDER
WEIGHT RECENTERED: 18 AND OLDER
Based upon 1,802,205 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 1.00000387584
Minimum: 0.00000000000
Maximum: 189.35625454381
Standard Deviation: 0.83884526601
Location: 86-100 (width: 15; decimal: 11)
Variable Type: numeric
MOSURV: GEM PROC: MONTH SURVEY COMPLETED
MONTH SURVEY COMPLETED
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
JANUARY
3006
0.2 %
2
FEBRUARY
9183
0.5 %
3
MARCH
5408
0.3 %
4
APRIL
3121
0.2 %
5
MAY
208461
11.4 %
6
JUNE
680225
37.2 %
7
JULY
38749
2.1 %
8
AUGUST
30877
1.7 %
9
SEPTEMBER
94496
5.2 %
10
OCTOBER
2945
0.2 %
11
NOVEMBER
5010
0.3 %
12
DECEMBER
1977
0.1 %
Missing Data
-8-
Value
.
Label
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
746055
40.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Based upon 1,083,458 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 12.00
Location: 101-102 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
GEMSEX: GEM DEMO: R GENDER
R GENDER
Value
Label
1
MALE
865531
47.3 %
2
FEMALE
963671
52.7 %
Missing Data
9
DK/NR/MISS
117
0.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
194
0.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 1,829,202 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 103-104 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
GEMAGE: GEM DEMO: R EXACT AGE
R EXACT AGE
Value
Label
14
-
615
0.0 %
15
-
2127
0.1 %
16
-
6767
0.4 %
17
-
5720
0.3 %
18
-
36074
2.0 %
19
-
32878
1.8 %
20
-
33102
1.8 %
21
-
39863
2.2 %
22
-
32639
1.8 %
-9-
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
23
-
33379
1.8 %
24
-
34241
1.9 %
25
-
36623
2.0 %
26
-
32134
1.8 %
27
-
33124
1.8 %
28
-
35171
1.9 %
29
-
44805
2.4 %
30
-
44081
2.4 %
31
-
29769
1.6 %
32
-
38187
2.1 %
33
-
35374
1.9 %
34
-
37085
2.0 %
35
-
43024
2.4 %
36
-
36036
2.0 %
37
-
36351
2.0 %
38
-
39488
2.2 %
39
-
49508
2.7 %
40
-
53482
2.9 %
41
-
31494
1.7 %
42
-
41776
2.3 %
43
-
36313
2.0 %
44
-
35070
1.9 %
45
-
43427
2.4 %
46
-
33298
1.8 %
47
-
34219
1.9 %
48
-
34723
1.9 %
49
-
43047
2.4 %
50
-
49084
2.7 %
51
-
26871
1.5 %
52
-
34752
1.9 %
53
-
30769
1.7 %
54
-
31051
1.7 %
55
-
34331
1.9 %
56
-
29052
1.6 %
57
-
27954
1.5 %
58
-
29006
1.6 %
59
-
35162
1.9 %
60
-
39309
2.1 %
61
-
22058
1.2 %
- 10 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
62
-
27157
1.5 %
63
-
24692
1.3 %
5243
0.3 %
1863
0.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
999
DK/REFUSED/MISSING
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 1,822,407 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 42.46
Median: 41.00
Mode: 40.00
Minimum: 14.00
Maximum: 96.00
Standard Deviation: 15.28
Location: 105-109 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 999 , 99999
GEMAGE7C: GEM DEMO: R AGE IN CATEGORIES
R AGE IN CATEGORIES
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1017
10-17 YRS
15320
0.8 %
1824
18-24 YRS
242086
13.2 %
2534
25-34 YRS
366353
20.0 %
3544
35-44 YRS
402542
22.0 %
4554
45-54 YRS
361241
19.7 %
5564
55-64 YRS
296844
16.2 %
6598
65 UP YRS
138022
7.5 %
1048
0.1 %
6057
0.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9999
DK/R/MISING
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,822,408 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1017.00
• Maximum: 6598.00
Location: 110-114 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999 , 99999
- 11 -
GEMWORK: GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE STATUS, 6 CATEGORIES
R WORK FORCE STATUS, 6 CATEGORIES
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
FULL/FULL OR PART TIME
934179
51.1 %
2
PART TIME ONLY
148844
8.1 %
3
RETIRED/DISABLED
205695
11.2 %
4
HOMEMAKER
175011
9.6 %
5
STUDENT
105521
5.8 %
6
NOT WORKING:OTHER
189411
10.4 %
MISS/CANNOT CODE
46741
2.6 %
SYSTEM MISSING
24111
1.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Missing Data
9
999
Total
Based upon 1,758,661 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
Location: 115-117 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 999
GEMWORK3: GEM DEMO: R WORK FORCE STATUS, 3 CATEGORIES
R WORK FORCE STATUS, 3 CATEGORIES
Value
Label
10
WORK:F-T,P-T
1083023
59.2 %
20
NOT WORKING
360177
19.7 %
30
RETIRED,STUDENTS
311216
17.0 %
Missing Data
99
MISS/CANNOT CLASSIFY
51022
2.8 %
999
SYSTEM MISSING
24075
1.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,754,416 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 30.00
Location: 118-120 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99 , 999
GEMHHINC: GEM DEMO: R HH/PERSONAL INCOME, 3 CATEGORIES
- 12 -
R HH/PERSONAL INCOME, 3 CATEGORIES
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
33
LOWEST 33%TILE
462300
25.3 %
3467
MIDDLE 33%TILE
486716
26.6 %
458261
25.0 %
363854
19.9 %
58382
3.2 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
95826
5.2 %
SOME SECONDARY
465623
25.5 %
1212
SECONDARY DEGREE
562647
30.8 %
1316
POST SECONDARY
437214
23.9 %
1720
GRAD EXP
188900
10.3 %
64984
3.6 %
14319
0.8 %
1,829,513
100%
68100 UPPER 33%TILE
Missing Data
99999 MISS/CANNOT CODE
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,407,277 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 33.00
• Maximum: 68100.00
Location: 121-126 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
GEMEDUC: GEM DEMO: R EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
GEM DEMO: R EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Value
0
111
Label
NONE
Missing Data
9999
CAN NOT CODE
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,750,210 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1720.00
Location: 127-131 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999 , 99999
BSTART: SCREEN: YES, AUTNONOMOUS START-UP
Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business, including any self-employment or selling any goods or
services to others?
- 13 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NO
1667290
91.1 %
1
YES
156479
8.6 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
3747
0.2 %
9
DK/NR/MISS
1778
0.1 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
219
0.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,823,769 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 132-133 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
BJOBST: SCREEN: YES, JOB INVOLVES BUSS START-UP
You are, alone or with others, currently trying to start a new business or a new venture for your employer as part of your normal
work?
Value
Label
0
NO
1
YES
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1760196
96.2 %
62834
3.4 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
4143
0.2 %
9
DK/NR/MISS
2143
0.1 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
197
0.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,823,030 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 134-135 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
OWNMGE: SCREEN: YES, OWNS, MANAGES A BUSINESS
You are, alone or with others, currently the owner of a company you help manage, self-employed, or selling any goods or services
to others?
Value
0
Label
NO
- 14 -
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1572947
86.0 %
Value
Label
1
YES
Unweighted
Frequency
%
251028
13.7 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
2547
0.1 %
9
DK/NR/MISS
2291
0.1 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
700
0.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,823,975 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 136-137 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
BUSANG: SCREEN: YES, BUSS ANGEL IN PAST 3 YEARS
You have, in the past three years, personally provided funds for a new business started by someone else, excluding any purchases
of stocks or mutual funds?
Value
Label
0
NO
1
YES
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1754825
95.9 %
68460
3.7 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
2412
0.1 %
9
DK/NR/MISS
3337
0.2 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
479
0.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 1,823,285 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 138-139 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
OPPORT: SCREEN: YES, GOOD OPPORT FOR BUSS IN NEXT 6 MTHS
In the next six months will there be good opportunities for starting a business in the area where you live?
Value
Label
0
NO
827526
45.2 %
1
YES
478443
26.2 %
Missing Data
- 15 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
8
DON'T KNOW
209534
11.5 %
9
DK/NR/MISS
31964
1.7 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
282046
15.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 1,305,969 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 140-141 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
KNOWENT: SCREEN: YES, KNOW ENTRE IN PAST 2 YEARS
You know someone personally who started a business in the past 2 years?
Value
Label
0
NO
951140
52.0 %
1
YES
560608
30.6 %
18919
1.0 %
4624
0.3 %
294222
16.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Missing Data
8
DON T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,511,748 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 142-143 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
SUSKILL: SCREEN: YES, R HAS SKILL,ABILITY 4 START-UP
Do you have the knowledge, skill and experience required to start a new business?
Value
Label
0
NO
735020
40.2 %
1
YES
707516
38.7 %
45021
2.5 %
9044
0.5 %
332912
18.2 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
- 16 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Based upon 1,442,536 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 144-145 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
FEARFAIL: SCREEN: YES, FAILURE FEAR WOULD PREVENT START-UP
Would fear of failure prevent you from starting a business?
Value
Label
0
NO
928053
50.7 %
1
YES
544782
29.8 %
Missing Data
8
DON T KNOW
50832
2.8 %
9
REFUSED
10555
0.6 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
295291
16.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,472,835 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 146-147 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
FUTSUP: SCREEN: YES, EXPECTS TO START BUSS IN 3 YRS
Are you, alone or with others, expecting to start a new business, including any type of self-employment, within the next three
years?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NO
1364265
74.6 %
1
YES
256595
14.0 %
42576
2.3 %
9638
0.5 %
156439
8.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
- 17 -
Based upon 1,620,860 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 148-149 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
DISCENT: SCREEN: YES, SHUT DOWN BUSS IN PAST 12 MTHS
Have you, in the past 12 months, sold, shut down, discontinued or quit a business you owned and managed, any form of selfemployed, or selling goods or services to anyone?
Value
Label
0
NO
1
YES
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1601896
87.6 %
57884
3.2 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
2897
0.2 %
9
REFUSED
4552
0.2 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
162284
8.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 1,659,780 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 150-151 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
NBGOODC: SCREEN: YES, NEW BUSS GOOD CAREER CHOICE
In your country, most people consider starting a new business a desirable career choice?
Value
Label
0
NO
392638
21.5 %
1
YES
733307
40.1 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
86362
4.7 %
9
REFUSED
18920
1.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
598286
32.7 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,125,945 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
- 18 -
Location: 152-153 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
NBSTATUS: SCREEN: YES, SUCC IN NEW BUSS IS HI STATUS
In your country, those successful at starting a new business have a high level of status and respect?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NO
349878
19.1 %
1
YES
793486
43.4 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
75396
4.1 %
9
REFUSED
16779
0.9 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
593974
32.5 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 1,143,364 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 154-155 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
NBMEDIA: SCREEN: YES, GOOD MEDIA COVERAGE OF NEW BUSS
In your country, you will often see stories in the public media about successful new businesses?
Value
Label
0
NO
498058
27.2 %
1
YES
657877
36.0 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
63107
3.4 %
9
REFUSED
13591
0.7 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
596880
32.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 1,155,935 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 156-157 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
EQUALINC: SCREEN: YES, ALL SHOULD HAVE SAME INCOME
- 19 -
In your country, most people would prefer that everyone had a similar standard of living?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NO
402603
22.0 %
1
YES
750097
41.0 %
75393
4.1 %
4565
0.2 %
596855
32.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
8
DON T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,152,700 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 158-159 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
SUACTS: START-UP: R REPORTS START-UP ACTS IN PAST YEAR
Over the past twelve months, have you done anything to help start this new business, such as looking for equipment or a location,
organizing a start-up team, working on a business plan, beginning to save money, or any other activity that would help launch a
business?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
YES
115570
6.3 %
2
NO
56107
3.1 %
1278
0.1 %
19478
1.1 %
1637080
89.5 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 171,677 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 160-161 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
SUOWN: START-UP: R WILL OWN PART/ALL NEW FIRM
Will you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
- 20 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
ALL
53437
2.9 %
2
PART
44330
2.4 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
34526
1.9 %
8
DON'T KNOW
1712
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
6229
0.3 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1689279
92.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 97,767 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 162-163 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUOWNERS: START-UP: EXCPECTED NUMBER OF NEW FIRM OWNERS
How many people, including yourself, will both own and manage the business?
Value
Label
1
-
53658
2.9 %
2
-
23122
1.3 %
3
-
9823
0.5 %
4
-
4080
0.2 %
5
-
1903
0.1 %
6
-
776
0.0 %
7
-
306
0.0 %
8
-
270
0.0 %
9
-
77
0.0 %
10
-
426
0.0 %
11
-
28
0.0 %
12
-
118
0.0 %
13
-
15
0.0 %
14
-
26
0.0 %
15
-
113
0.0 %
16
-
13
0.0 %
17
-
7
0.0 %
18
-
24
0.0 %
19
-
5
0.0 %
20
-
117
0.0 %
- 21 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
21
-
12
0.0 %
22
-
6
0.0 %
23
-
6
0.0 %
24
-
6
0.0 %
25
-
33
0.0 %
26
-
4
0.0 %
27
-
2
0.0 %
28
-
3
0.0 %
30
-
58
0.0 %
31
-
2
0.0 %
32
-
3
0.0 %
33
-
5
0.0 %
34
-
2
0.0 %
35
-
9
0.0 %
36
-
3
0.0 %
37
-
2
0.0 %
39
-
1
0.0 %
40
-
32
0.0 %
42
-
5
0.0 %
44
-
1
0.0 %
45
-
4
0.0 %
48
-
2
0.0 %
50
-
35
0.0 %
51
-
2
0.0 %
52
-
1
0.0 %
54
-
1
0.0 %
55
-
1
0.0 %
56
-
1
0.0 %
60
-
10
0.0 %
67
-
1
0.0 %
Missing Data
9997
Not Codeable/Not Applicable
27796
1.5 %
9999
DK,R,MISSING
78396
4.3 %
1628053
89.0 %
1,829,513
100%
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 95,268 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
- 22 -
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 2.29
Median: 1.00
Mode: 1.00
Minimum: 1.00
Maximum: 1000.00
Standard Deviation: 14.19
Location: 164-168 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9999 , 99999
SUWAGE: START-UP: YES, WAGES, PROFITS PAID TO OWNERS 3+ MTHS
Has the new business paid any salaries, wages, or payments in kind, including your own, for more than three months? 'Payments
in kind' refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
YES
27763
1.5 %
2
NO
78512
4.3 %
Missing Data
8
DON'T KNOW
1600
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
2899
0.2 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1718739
93.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 106,275 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 169-170 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 99
SUWAGEYR: START-UP: 1ST YR PAYMENTS TO OWNERS
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business? 'Payments in
kind' refer to goods or services provided as payments for work rather than cash.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1990
UP TO 1990
16
0.0 %
1991
-
1
0.0 %
1993
-
1
0.0 %
1994
-
1
0.0 %
1995
-
2
0.0 %
1996
-
1
0.0 %
1997
-
5
0.0 %
1998
-
4
0.0 %
1999
-
8
0.0 %
- 23 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
2000
-
38
0.0 %
2001
-
6
0.0 %
2002
-
13
0.0 %
2003
-
14
0.0 %
2004
-
14
0.0 %
2005
-
24
0.0 %
2006
-
16
0.0 %
2007
-
17
0.0 %
2008
-
20
0.0 %
2009
-
21
0.0 %
2010
-
15
0.0 %
2011
-
6
0.0 %
2012
-
3
0.0 %
9997
NONE YET
26297
1.4 %
Missing Data
9998
Not Applicable
21934
1.2 %
9999
NO ANSWER/REFUSED
10108
0.6 %
1770928
96.8 %
1,829,513
100%
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 26,543 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 9922.92
Median: 9997.00
Mode: 9997.00
Minimum: 1990.00
Maximum: 9997.00
Standard Deviation: 765.99
Location: 171-175 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9998 , 9999 , 99999
SUTYPE: START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow
pages?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
122
0.0 %
54
0.0 %
100
AGRI GENERAL
110
AGRI CROP,HORTIC
111
AGRI CROPS
492
0.0 %
112
AGRI VEGE HOLTI
279
0.0 %
113
AGRI FRUIT
71
0.0 %
- 24 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
36
0.0 %
4
0.0 %
119
AGRI NEC
120
AGRI FARM ANIMALS
121
AGRI RANCHING
438
0.0 %
122
AGRI OTH ANIM
331
0.0 %
130
AGRI MIXED PRODUC
788
0.0 %
140
AGRI ANIM HUSB
363
0.0 %
150
HUNT GAME
76
0.0 %
199
HUNT NEC
43
0.0 %
200
FORESTRY,LOGGING
111
0.0 %
500
FISH GENERAL
100
0.0 %
1000
MINE GENERAL
4
0.0 %
1010
MINE COAL
21
0.0 %
1030
MINE PEAT
1
0.0 %
1099
MINE COAL,PEAT NEC
11
0.0 %
1100
MINE OIL EXTRT
1
0.0 %
1110
MINE OIL GAS EXTRACT
2
0.0 %
1120
MINE SERV PETROL
6
0.0 %
1200
MINE URAN THOR
1
0.0 %
1320
MINE NFER META
3
0.0 %
1399
MINE NFER MET,NEC
5
0.0 %
1410
MINE QUAR STON SAND
8
0.0 %
1429
MINE QUAR,NEC
65
0.0 %
1500
MANU GENERAL
54
0.0 %
1510
MANU FOOD PROC&PREP
12
0.0 %
1511
MANU MEAT
21
0.0 %
1512
MANU FISH
13
0.0 %
1513
MANU FRT VEGE
18
0.0 %
1514
MANU FOOD OIL
6
0.0 %
1520
MANU DAIRY PRO
26
0.0 %
1531
MANU GRAIN PRO
20
0.0 %
1532
MANU STARH PRO
2
0.0 %
1533
MANU ANIM FEED
16
0.0 %
1540
MANU GENE FOOD
16
0.0 %
1541
MANU BAKER PRO
187
0.0 %
1542
MANU SUGAR
3
0.0 %
1543
MANU CONFECT
26
0.0 %
1544
MANU FARIN PRO
1
0.0 %
1549
MANU OTH FOOD
160
0.0 %
1550
MANU GENE DRK
3
0.0 %
- 25 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1551
MANU FERM BEVE
13
0.0 %
1552
MANU WINE
34
0.0 %
1553
MANU MALT LIQ
7
0.0 %
1554
MANU SOFT DRK
16
0.0 %
1599
MANU DRINKS, NEC
6
0.0 %
1600
MANU TOBA PRO
3
0.0 %
14861
0.8 %
169
0.0 %
12132
0.7 %
1754444
95.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9997
Not Codeable/Not Applicable
9998
MISSING DID NOT KNOW
9999
MISSING NOT CODABLE
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 47,907 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 100.00
• Maximum: 9524.00
Location: 176-179 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9998 , 9999 , .
SUTYPE_10: START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
100
-
528
0.0 %
110
-
139
0.0 %
111
-
92
0.0 %
112
-
57
0.0 %
113
-
65
0.0 %
114
-
30
0.0 %
115
-
3
0.0 %
119
-
6
0.0 %
120
-
57
0.0 %
121
-
2
0.0 %
122
-
7
0.0 %
123
-
1
0.0 %
124
-
1
0.0 %
125
-
4
0.0 %
- 26 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
129
-
5
0.0 %
130
-
78
0.0 %
140
-
122
0.0 %
141
-
97
0.0 %
142
-
8
0.0 %
144
-
24
0.0 %
145
-
42
0.0 %
146
-
229
0.0 %
149
-
269
0.0 %
150
-
267
0.0 %
160
-
64
0.0 %
161
-
11
0.0 %
162
-
10
0.0 %
164
-
3
0.0 %
169
-
1
0.0 %
170
-
2
0.0 %
194
-
1
0.0 %
200
-
38
0.0 %
210
-
6
0.0 %
220
-
10
0.0 %
230
-
1
0.0 %
300
-
22
0.0 %
310
-
57
0.0 %
320
-
25
0.0 %
500
-
7
0.0 %
610
-
2
0.0 %
631
-
4
0.0 %
691
-
1
0.0 %
700
-
2
0.0 %
710
-
2
0.0 %
729
-
1
0.0 %
741
-
2
0.0 %
771
-
1
0.0 %
800
-
5
0.0 %
810
-
3
0.0 %
890
-
1
0.0 %
1375
0.1 %
145
0.0 %
Missing Data
9997
NOT CODEABLE
9998
NOT APPLICABLE/DK,R,MISSING
- 27 -
Value
Label
9999
UNDOCUMENTED CODE
.
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
622
0.0 %
1795314
98.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 32,057 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 4960.09
Minimum: 100.00
Maximum: 9990.00
Standard Deviation: 2327.52
Location: 180-183 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9998 , 9999 , .
SUTYPE1D: START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
3308
0.2 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
2214
0.1 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
4270
0.2 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
2702
0.1 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
3672
0.2 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
16370
0.9 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
1541
0.1 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
7125
0.4 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
2572
0.1 %
4133
0.2 %
0
0.0 %
1781606
97.4 %
1,829,513
100%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 47,907 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 10000.00
Location: 184-189 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
- 28 -
SUTYPE1D_10: START-UP: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
2384
0.1 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
1247
0.1 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
3299
0.2 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
2299
0.1 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
2889
0.2 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
13134
0.7 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
710
0.0 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
2654
0.1 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
1186
0.1 %
2192
0.1 %
40
0.0 %
23
0.0 %
1797456
98.2 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
99999 OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 32,034 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 11000.00
Location: 190-195 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
SUNEWCST: START-UP: PROD/SERV NEW TO CUSTOMERS
Will all, some or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Value
Label
1
NEW TO ALL
16161
0.9 %
2
NEW TO SOME
26093
1.4 %
3
NOT NEW TO ANY
45597
2.5 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
28372
1.6 %
8
DON'T KNOW
3209
0.2 %
9
REFUSED
430
0.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1709651
93.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
- 29 -
Based upon 87,851 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 196-197 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUCOMPET: START-UP: EXPECTED LEVEL OF COMPETITION
Right now, are there many, few, or no other business offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
MANY COMPETITORS
45453
2.5 %
2
SOME COMPETITORS
34416
1.9 %
3
NO COMPETITORS
9893
0.5 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
28920
1.6 %
8
DON'T KNOW
1625
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
317
0.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1708889
93.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 89,762 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 198-199 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUNEWTEC: START-UP: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YR AGO? (UP TO 2004)
Were the technologies or procedures required for this product or service generally available more than a year ago? [Note:
Response categories were expanded in 2005. Responses after 2004 were recoded to be consistent with the earlier years and
responses are provided separately for those after 2004 (SUNEWT_5)]
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NO/NONE
12503
0.7 %
1
YES
71558
3.9 %
27752
1.5 %
1233275
67.4 %
484425
26.5 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 84,061 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
- 30 -
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 200-201 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUNEWT_5: START-UP: WHEN TECH AVAILABLE (2005 ON)
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one to five
years, or longer than five years? [Note: Responses are from 2005 and later, see SUNEWTEC for responses from 2004 and earlier]
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
9420
0.5 %
1
Less than a year
2
Between one to five years
13053
0.7 %
3
Longer than five years
43163
2.4 %
18536
1.0 %
5901
0.3 %
919
0.1 %
1738521
95.0 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
8
Don't know
9
Refused
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 65,636 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 202-203 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUEXPORT: START-UP: % CUSTOMERS LIVE ABROAD
What proportion of your customers will normally live outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than 50%,
more than 25%, or less than 25%?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NONE
64264
3.5 %
125
1- 25%
5591
0.3 %
2650
26- 50%
4051
0.2 %
5175
51- 75%
3778
0.2 %
7690
76- 90%
1838
0.1 %
91100 91-100%
2800
0.2 %
99997 Not Applicable
23097
1.3 %
99999 DK/R/MISSING
13526
0.7 %
1710568
93.5 %
Missing Data
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
- 31 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 82,322 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 91100.00
Location: 204-209 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99997 , 99999 , 999999
SUNOWJOB: START-UP: NUMBER JOBS NOW
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive subcontractors,
meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business and not working for others as well.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0.000
NONE
9273
0.5 %
1.000
-
4644
0.3 %
2.000
-
3770
0.2 %
3.000
-
1980
0.1 %
4.000
-
1269
0.1 %
5.000
-
998
0.1 %
6.000
-
564
0.0 %
7.000
-
325
0.0 %
8.000
-
359
0.0 %
9.000
-
118
0.0 %
10.000
-
551
0.0 %
11.000
-
56
0.0 %
12.000
-
158
0.0 %
13.000
-
41
0.0 %
14.000
-
56
0.0 %
15.000
-
244
0.0 %
16.000
-
43
0.0 %
17.000
-
38
0.0 %
18.000
-
31
0.0 %
19.000
-
14
0.0 %
20.000
-
278
0.0 %
21.000
-
6
0.0 %
22.000
-
26
0.0 %
23.000
-
15
0.0 %
24.000
-
8
0.0 %
25.000
-
65
0.0 %
- 32 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
26.000
-
9
0.0 %
27.000
-
6
0.0 %
28.000
-
9
0.0 %
29.000
-
3
0.0 %
30.000
-
130
0.0 %
31.000
-
6
0.0 %
32.000
-
5
0.0 %
33.000
-
2
0.0 %
34.000
-
7
0.0 %
35.000
-
28
0.0 %
36.000
-
3
0.0 %
37.000
-
1
0.0 %
38.000
-
2
0.0 %
40.000
-
67
0.0 %
42.000
-
3
0.0 %
43.000
-
5
0.0 %
44.000
-
1
0.0 %
45.000
-
11
0.0 %
48.000
-
1
0.0 %
49.000
-
1
0.0 %
50.000
-
68
0.0 %
52.000
-
2
0.0 %
53.000
-
1
0.0 %
54.000
-
1
0.0 %
Missing Data
9999997.000
Not Applicable
27338
1.5 %
9999999.000
DK/R/MISSING
3282
0.2 %
999999999.000
SYSTEM MISSING
1773215
96.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 25,678 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 84.024
Median: 1.000
Mode: 0.000
Minimum: 0.000
Maximum: 1000000.000
Standard Deviation: 7105.356
Location: 210-222 (width: 13; decimal: 3)
Variable Type: numeric
- 33 -
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999997.000 , 9999999.000 , 999999999.000
SUYR5JOB: START-UP: NUMBER JOBS 5 YRS POST-BIRTH
Not counting the owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business five
years from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not
working for others as well.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0.000
NONE
11645
0.6 %
1.000
-
7816
0.4 %
2.000
-
11233
0.6 %
3.000
-
7997
0.4 %
4.000
-
5578
0.3 %
5.000
-
7069
0.4 %
6.000
-
2814
0.2 %
7.000
-
1193
0.1 %
8.000
-
1787
0.1 %
9.000
-
298
0.0 %
10.000
-
6557
0.4 %
11.000
-
84
0.0 %
12.000
-
811
0.0 %
13.000
-
91
0.0 %
14.000
-
88
0.0 %
15.000
-
2011
0.1 %
16.000
-
75
0.0 %
17.000
-
58
0.0 %
18.000
-
81
0.0 %
19.000
-
15
0.0 %
20.000
-
2952
0.2 %
21.000
-
21
0.0 %
22.000
-
44
0.0 %
23.000
-
16
0.0 %
24.000
-
33
0.0 %
25.000
-
628
0.0 %
26.000
-
12
0.0 %
27.000
-
11
0.0 %
28.000
-
9
0.0 %
29.000
-
7
0.0 %
30.000
-
1124
0.1 %
31.000
-
4
0.0 %
32.000
-
10
0.0 %
- 34 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
33.000
-
7
0.0 %
34.000
-
6
0.0 %
35.000
-
121
0.0 %
36.000
-
10
0.0 %
37.000
-
1
0.0 %
37.500
-
1
0.0 %
38.000
-
3
0.0 %
39.000
-
1
0.0 %
40.000
-
458
0.0 %
42.000
-
4
0.0 %
43.000
-
2
0.0 %
44.000
-
1
0.0 %
45.000
-
48
0.0 %
46.000
-
1
0.0 %
47.000
-
1
0.0 %
48.000
-
3
0.0 %
50.000
-
1051
0.1 %
Missing Data
9999997.000
Not Applicable
30079
1.6 %
9999999.000
DK/R/MISSING
19771
1.1 %
999999999.000
SYSTEM MISSING
1703458
93.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 76,205 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 168.671
Median: 3.000
Mode: 0.000
Minimum: 0.000
Maximum: 1000000.000
Standard Deviation: 9732.804
Location: 223-235 (width: 13; decimal: 3)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999997.000 , 9999999.000 , 999999999.000
SUREASON: START-UP: REASON R IS INVOLVED
Are you involved in this start-up to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you have no better choices for work?
Value
1
Label
EXPLOIT BUS OPPORT
- 35 -
Unweighted
Frequency
%
48266
2.6 %
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
2
BEST WORK CHOICE
23025
1.3 %
3
WK CHOICE & OPPORT
10554
0.6 %
4
JOB & BETTER OPPORT
7002
0.4 %
6
FAMILY BUSINESS
5
0.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
26200
1.4 %
8
DON T KNOW
1606
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
6918
0.4 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1705937
93.2 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 88,852 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
Location: 236-237 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
SUOPTYPE: START-UP: NATURE OF BUSS OPPORTUNITY
Which one of the following, do you feel, is the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater independence, increase
personal income, just to maintain income, none of these.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
INDEPENDENCE
18505
1.0 %
2
INCREASE INCOME
19005
1.0 %
3
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
4647
0.3 %
4
OTHER
1439
0.1 %
5
FAMILY BUSINESS
2
0.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
13255
0.7 %
8
DON'T KNOW
484
0.0 %
9
REFUSED
466
0.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1771710
96.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 43,598 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
Location: 238-239 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
- 36 -
OMOWN: OWN-MANGE: R OWNS PART/ALL OF FIRM
Perhaps we were not clear on what we mean with a "business". If you personally share in the profits of selling any goods or
services to others that can be a business. Do you personally own all, part, or none of this business?
Value
Label
1
ALL
2
PART
3
NONE
Unweighted
Frequency
%
122555
6.7 %
61178
3.3 %
42
0.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
60472
3.3 %
8
DON'T KNOW
1070
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
70777
3.9 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1513419
82.7 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
Based upon 183,775 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 240-241 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMOWNERS: OWN-MANGE: NUMBER OF FIRM OWNERS
How many people, including yourself, both own and manage this business?
Value
Label
1
-
123352
6.7 %
2
-
36228
2.0 %
3
-
11269
0.6 %
4
-
5081
0.3 %
5
-
2212
0.1 %
6
-
999
0.1 %
7
-
525
0.0 %
8
-
390
0.0 %
9
-
149
0.0 %
10
-
463
0.0 %
11
-
64
0.0 %
12
-
162
0.0 %
13
-
43
0.0 %
14
-
42
0.0 %
15
-
166
0.0 %
- 37 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
16
-
31
0.0 %
17
-
13
0.0 %
18
-
28
0.0 %
19
-
15
0.0 %
20
-
194
0.0 %
21
-
13
0.0 %
22
-
19
0.0 %
23
-
17
0.0 %
24
-
12
0.0 %
25
-
59
0.0 %
26
-
8
0.0 %
27
-
7
0.0 %
28
-
10
0.0 %
29
-
4
0.0 %
30
-
83
0.0 %
31
-
3
0.0 %
32
-
7
0.0 %
33
-
2
0.0 %
34
-
8
0.0 %
35
-
15
0.0 %
36
-
4
0.0 %
38
-
4
0.0 %
40
-
48
0.0 %
41
-
1
0.0 %
42
-
4
0.0 %
45
-
10
0.0 %
46
-
2
0.0 %
47
-
1
0.0 %
48
-
1
0.0 %
49
-
1
0.0 %
50
-
66
0.0 %
51
-
1
0.0 %
52
-
1
0.0 %
54
-
1
0.0 %
55
-
2
0.0 %
Missing Data
9997
Not Codeable/Not Applicable
35596
1.9 %
9999
DK,R,MISSING
77170
4.2 %
1534587
83.9 %
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
- 38 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Total
1,829,513
100%
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 182,160 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 2.10
Median: 1.00
Mode: 1.00
Minimum: 1.00
Maximum: 1000.00
Standard Deviation: 14.26
Location: 242-246 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9999 , 99999
OMWAGEYR: OWN-MANGE: 1ST YR PAYMENTS TO OWNERS
What was the first year the founders of the business received wages, profits, or payments in kind from this business?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1990
UP TO 1990
40599
2.2 %
1991
-
2732
0.1 %
1992
-
3745
0.2 %
1993
-
3057
0.2 %
1994
-
3515
0.2 %
1995
-
5278
0.3 %
1996
-
4718
0.3 %
1997
-
5189
0.3 %
1998
-
6393
0.3 %
1999
-
6699
0.4 %
2000
-
10968
0.6 %
2001
-
7830
0.4 %
2002
-
8581
0.5 %
2003
-
7949
0.4 %
2004
-
8860
0.5 %
2005
-
9720
0.5 %
2006
-
9233
0.5 %
2007
-
8431
0.5 %
2008
-
7758
0.4 %
2009
-
7980
0.4 %
2010
-
7047
0.4 %
2011
-
4891
0.3 %
- 39 -
Value
Label
2012
-
9997
NONE YET
Unweighted
Frequency
%
2654
0.1 %
233
0.0 %
Missing Data
9998
Not Applicable
25363
1.4 %
9999
NO ANSWER/REFUSED
86046
4.7 %
1534044
83.8 %
1,829,513
100%
99999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 184,060 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 2009.87
Median: 2000.00
Mode: 1990.00
Minimum: 1990.00
Maximum: 9997.00
Standard Deviation: 284.45
Location: 247-251 (width: 5; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9998 , 9999 , 99999
OMTYPE: OWN-MANGE: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
What kind of business is this? What will it be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow
pages?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
100
AGRI GENERAL
588
0.0 %
110
AGRI CROP,HORTIC
220
0.0 %
111
AGRI CROPS
1686
0.1 %
112
AGRI VEGE HOLTI
659
0.0 %
113
AGRI FRUIT
224
0.0 %
119
AGRI NEC
58
0.0 %
120
AGRI FARM ANIMALS
9
0.0 %
121
AGRI RANCHING
1292
0.1 %
122
AGRI OTH ANIM
566
0.0 %
130
AGRI MIXED PRODUC
2070
0.1 %
140
AGRI ANIM HUSB
980
0.1 %
150
HUNT GAME
54
0.0 %
199
HUNT NEC
211
0.0 %
200
FORESTRY,LOGGING
450
0.0 %
500
FISH GENERAL
244
0.0 %
1000
MINE GENERAL
13
0.0 %
1010
MINE COAL
43
0.0 %
- 40 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1099
MINE COAL,PEAT NEC
37
0.0 %
1100
MINE OIL EXTRT
2
0.0 %
1110
MINE OIL GAS EXTRACT
8
0.0 %
1120
MINE SERV PETROL
12
0.0 %
1310
MINE IRON
2
0.0 %
1320
MINE NFER META
4
0.0 %
1399
MINE NFER MET,NEC
26
0.0 %
1410
MINE QUAR STON SAND
17
0.0 %
1429
MINE QUAR,NEC
128
0.0 %
1500
MANU GENERAL
63
0.0 %
1510
MANU FOOD PROC&PREP
22
0.0 %
1511
MANU MEAT
61
0.0 %
1512
MANU FISH
29
0.0 %
1513
MANU FRT VEGE
25
0.0 %
1514
MANU FOOD OIL
13
0.0 %
1519
MANU FOOD, NEC
1
0.0 %
1520
MANU DAIRY PRO
49
0.0 %
1531
MANU GRAIN PRO
45
0.0 %
1532
MANU STARH PRO
2
0.0 %
1533
MANU ANIM FEED
20
0.0 %
1540
MANU GENE FOOD
59
0.0 %
1541
MANU BAKER PRO
332
0.0 %
1542
MANU SUGAR
4
0.0 %
1543
MANU CONFECT
55
0.0 %
1544
MANU FARIN PRO
8
0.0 %
1549
MANU OTH FOOD
256
0.0 %
1550
MANU GENE DRK
3
0.0 %
1551
MANU FERM BEVE
31
0.0 %
1552
MANU WINE
55
0.0 %
1553
MANU MALT LIQ
21
0.0 %
1554
MANU SOFT DRK
24
0.0 %
1599
MANU DRINKS, NEC
14
0.0 %
1600
MANU TOBA PRO
10
0.0 %
24591
1.3 %
92
0.0 %
12969
0.7 %
1693926
92.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9997
Not Codeable/Not Applicable
9998
MISSING DID NOT KNOW
9999
MISSING NOT CODABLE
.
Total
- 41 -
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 97,935 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 100.00
• Maximum: 9900.00
Location: 252-255 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9998 , 9999 , .
BBTYPE_10: OWN-MANGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
100
-
219
0.0 %
110
-
72
0.0 %
111
-
114
0.0 %
112
-
15
0.0 %
113
-
35
0.0 %
114
-
8
0.0 %
115
-
9
0.0 %
116
-
5
0.0 %
119
-
2
0.0 %
120
-
32
0.0 %
122
-
2
0.0 %
123
-
2
0.0 %
126
-
2
0.0 %
127
-
2
0.0 %
130
-
32
0.0 %
140
-
41
0.0 %
141
-
41
0.0 %
142
-
8
0.0 %
144
-
7
0.0 %
145
-
13
0.0 %
146
-
46
0.0 %
149
-
91
0.0 %
150
-
114
0.0 %
160
-
21
0.0 %
161
-
6
0.0 %
162
-
6
0.0 %
164
-
6
0.0 %
200
-
22
0.0 %
- 42 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
210
-
1
0.0 %
220
-
7
0.0 %
300
-
4
0.0 %
310
-
30
0.0 %
312
-
1
0.0 %
320
-
5
0.0 %
500
-
5
0.0 %
510
-
1
0.0 %
700
-
1
0.0 %
800
-
1
0.0 %
890
-
1
0.0 %
899
-
8
0.0 %
900
-
3
0.0 %
910
-
1
0.0 %
990
-
2
0.0 %
1000
-
29
0.0 %
1010
-
39
0.0 %
1020
-
1
0.0 %
1030
-
6
0.0 %
1040
-
1
0.0 %
1050
-
17
0.0 %
1060
-
7
0.0 %
7
0.0 %
21
0.0 %
3943
0.2 %
1808109
98.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9997
NOT CODEABLE
9998
NOT APPLICABLE
9999
DK,R,MISSING
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 17,433 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 5109.27
Minimum: 100.00
Maximum: 9990.00
Standard Deviation: 2247.69
Location: 256-259 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9998 , 9999 , .
- 43 -
EBTYPE_10: OWN-MANGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
100
-
926
0.1 %
110
-
299
0.0 %
111
-
390
0.0 %
112
-
248
0.0 %
113
-
56
0.0 %
114
-
13
0.0 %
115
-
15
0.0 %
116
-
4
0.0 %
119
-
12
0.0 %
120
-
184
0.0 %
121
-
7
0.0 %
122
-
5
0.0 %
123
-
1
0.0 %
124
-
1
0.0 %
125
-
2
0.0 %
127
-
6
0.0 %
128
-
2
0.0 %
130
-
154
0.0 %
140
-
251
0.0 %
141
-
256
0.0 %
142
-
12
0.0 %
144
-
26
0.0 %
145
-
23
0.0 %
146
-
71
0.0 %
149
-
255
0.0 %
150
-
657
0.0 %
160
-
67
0.0 %
161
-
16
0.0 %
162
-
9
0.0 %
164
-
18
0.0 %
170
-
2
0.0 %
200
-
89
0.0 %
210
-
4
0.0 %
220
-
29
0.0 %
300
-
17
0.0 %
310
-
105
0.0 %
- 44 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
311
-
1
0.0 %
320
-
19
0.0 %
321
-
1
0.0 %
500
-
17
0.0 %
510
-
1
0.0 %
600
-
1
0.0 %
610
-
3
0.0 %
710
-
2
0.0 %
720
-
1
0.0 %
741
-
2
0.0 %
810
-
4
0.0 %
890
-
1
0.0 %
899
-
32
0.0 %
900
-
7
0.0 %
Missing Data
9997
NOT CODEABLE
77
0.0 %
9998
NOT APPLICABLE
45
0.0 %
9999
DK,R,MISSING
761
0.0 %
1791017
97.9 %
1,829,513
100%
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 37,613 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 4815.87
Minimum: 100.00
Maximum: 9990.00
Standard Deviation: 2541.56
Location: 260-263 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9997 , 9998 , 9999 , .
OMTYPE1D: OWN-MANGE: SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
9311
0.5 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
7102
0.4 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
9430
0.5 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
6007
0.3 %
- 45 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
8542
0.5 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
27178
1.5 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
3087
0.2 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
15052
0.8 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
4984
0.3 %
7239
0.4 %
0
0.0 %
3
0.0 %
1731578
94.6 %
1,829,513
100%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
99999 OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 97,932 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 10000.00
Location: 264-269 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
BBTYPE1D_10: OWN-MANGE: NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
NEW FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
1021
0.1 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
878
0.0 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
1626
0.1 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
1442
0.1 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
1181
0.1 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
7242
0.4 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
405
0.0 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
1682
0.1 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
631
0.0 %
1304
0.1 %
19
0.0 %
2
0.0 %
1812080
99.0 %
1,829,513
100%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
99999 OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 17,431 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
- 46 -
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 11000.00
Location: 270-275 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
EBTYPE1D_10: OWN-MANGE: ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
ESTAB FIRM, ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
4253
0.2 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
2939
0.2 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
4133
0.2 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
2869
0.2 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
2790
0.2 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
11217
0.6 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
993
0.1 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
4189
0.2 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
1594
0.1 %
2593
0.1 %
27
0.0 %
16
0.0 %
1791900
97.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
99999 OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 37,597 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 11000.00
Location: 276-281 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
OMNEWCST: OWN-MANGE: PROD/SERV NEW TO CUSTOMERS
Do all, some, or none of your potential customers consider this product or service new and unfamiliar?
Value
Label
1
NEW TO ALL
20779
1.1 %
2
NEW TO SOME
36828
2.0 %
3
NOT NEW TO ANY
113983
6.2 %
36004
2.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
- 47 -
Value
Label
8
DON'T KNOW
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
5133
0.3 %
970
0.1 %
1615816
88.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 171,590 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 282-283 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMCOMPET: OWN-MANGE: EXPECTED LEVEL OF COMPETITION
Right now, are there many, few, or no other businesses offering the same products or services to your potential customers?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
MANY COMPETITORS
111676
6.1 %
2
SOME COMPETITORS
51530
2.8 %
3
NO COMPETITORS
10974
0.6 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
36935
2.0 %
8
DON'T KNOW
2284
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
680
0.0 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1615434
88.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 174,180 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 284-285 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMNEWTEC: OWN-MANGE: TECH AVAILABLE 1 YR AGO? (UP TO 2004)
Were technologies or procedures required by this product or service generally available more than a year ago? [Responses up to
2004]
Value
Label
0
NO/NONE
1
YES
Missing Data
- 48 -
Unweighted
Frequency
%
13475
0.7 %
153378
8.4 %
Value
Label
7
Not Applicable
9
REFUSED
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
34395
1.9 %
1166294
63.7 %
461971
25.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 166,853 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 286-287 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMNEWT_5: OWN-MANGE: WHEN TECH AVAILABLE (2005 ON)
Have the technologies or procedures required for this product or service been available for less than a year, or between one to five
years, or longer than five years? [Responses 2005 on]
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
8797
0.5 %
1
Less than a year
2
Between one to five years
19340
1.1 %
3
Longer than five years
96672
5.3 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
20173
1.1 %
8
Don't know
10129
0.6 %
9
Refused
1847
0.1 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1672555
91.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 124,809 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
Location: 288-289 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMEXPORT: OWN-MANGE: % CUSTOMERS LIVE ABROAD
What proportion of your customers normally lives outside your country? Is it more than 90%, more than 75%, more than 50%, more
than 25%, more than 10%, or 10% or less?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NONE
139964
7.7 %
125
1- 25%
10167
0.6 %
- 49 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
2650
26- 50%
6262
0.3 %
5175
51- 75%
5227
0.3 %
7690
76- 90%
2673
0.1 %
91100 91-100%
3993
0.2 %
99997 Not Applicable
30152
1.6 %
99999 DK/R/MISSING
14017
0.8 %
1617058
88.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 168,286 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 91100.00
Location: 290-295 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99997 , 99999 , 999999
OMNOWJOB: OWN-MANGE: NUMBER JOBS NOW
Not counting the owners, how many people are currently working for this business? Please include all exclusive subcontractors,
meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working for others as well.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0
NONE
60581
3.3 %
1
-
30683
1.7 %
2
-
23571
1.3 %
3
-
13504
0.7 %
4
-
9143
0.5 %
5
-
7224
0.4 %
6
-
4156
0.2 %
7
-
2439
0.1 %
8
-
2539
0.1 %
9
-
934
0.1 %
10
-
3888
0.2 %
11
-
476
0.0 %
12
-
1421
0.1 %
13
-
343
0.0 %
14
-
467
0.0 %
15
-
1833
0.1 %
16
-
320
0.0 %
17
-
263
0.0 %
- 50 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
18
-
361
0.0 %
19
-
91
0.0 %
20
-
1766
0.1 %
21
-
89
0.0 %
22
-
195
0.0 %
23
-
127
0.0 %
24
-
107
0.0 %
25
-
685
0.0 %
26
-
72
0.0 %
27
-
57
0.0 %
28
-
105
0.0 %
29
-
21
0.0 %
30
-
969
0.1 %
31
-
13
0.0 %
32
-
73
0.0 %
33
-
33
0.0 %
34
-
26
0.0 %
35
-
257
0.0 %
36
-
32
0.0 %
37
-
29
0.0 %
38
-
40
0.0 %
39
-
11
0.0 %
40
-
529
0.0 %
41
-
10
0.0 %
42
-
33
0.0 %
43
-
20
0.0 %
44
-
10
0.0 %
45
-
145
0.0 %
46
-
17
0.0 %
47
-
14
0.0 %
48
-
19
0.0 %
49
-
3
0.0 %
Missing Data
9999997
Not Applicable
37470
2.0 %
9999999
DK/R/MISSING
13779
0.8 %
999999999
SYSTEM MISSING
1604936
87.7 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
- 51 -
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 173,328 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 54.97
Minimum: 0.00
Maximum: 1000000.00
Standard Deviation: 4148.07
Location: 296-304 (width: 9; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999997 , 9999999 , 999999999
OMYR5JOB: OWN-MANGE: NUMBER JOBS IN 5 YRS
Not counting owners, how many people, including both present and future employees, will be working for this business five years
from now? Please include all exclusive subcontractors, meaning people or firms working ONLY for this business, and not working
for others as well.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
0.000
NONE
40817
2.2 %
1.000
-
19346
1.1 %
2.000
-
19853
1.1 %
3.000
-
12219
0.7 %
4.000
-
8418
0.5 %
5.000
-
9913
0.5 %
6.000
-
4608
0.3 %
7.000
-
2052
0.1 %
8.000
-
2899
0.2 %
9.000
-
674
0.0 %
10.000
-
8076
0.4 %
11.000
-
269
0.0 %
12.000
-
1484
0.1 %
13.000
-
258
0.0 %
14.000
-
361
0.0 %
15.000
-
2959
0.2 %
16.000
-
274
0.0 %
17.000
-
158
0.0 %
18.000
-
316
0.0 %
19.000
-
49
0.0 %
20.000
-
3636
0.2 %
21.000
-
61
0.0 %
22.000
-
132
0.0 %
23.000
-
83
0.0 %
24.000
-
103
0.0 %
- 52 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
25.000
-
1093
0.1 %
26.000
-
46
0.0 %
27.000
-
39
0.0 %
28.000
-
50
0.0 %
29.000
-
11
0.0 %
30.000
-
1680
0.1 %
31.000
-
6
0.0 %
32.000
-
43
0.0 %
33.000
-
16
0.0 %
34.000
-
21
0.0 %
35.000
-
342
0.0 %
36.000
-
33
0.0 %
37.000
-
13
0.0 %
38.000
-
26
0.0 %
39.000
-
5
0.0 %
40.000
-
789
0.0 %
41.000
-
7
0.0 %
42.000
-
15
0.0 %
43.000
-
4
0.0 %
44.000
-
13
0.0 %
45.000
-
151
0.0 %
46.000
-
7
0.0 %
47.000
-
4
0.0 %
48.000
-
18
0.0 %
49.000
-
2
0.0 %
Missing Data
9999997.000
Not Applicable
33062
1.8 %
9999999.000
DK/R/MISSING
108435
5.9 %
999999999.000
SYSTEM MISSING
1538980
84.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 149,036 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mean: 86.519
Median: 2.000
Mode: 0.000
Minimum: 0.000
Maximum: 1000000.000
Standard Deviation: 5243.010
- 53 -
Location: 305-317 (width: 13; decimal: 3)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9999997.000 , 9999999.000 , 999999999.000
OMREASON: OWN-MANGE: REASON R IS INVOLVED
Did you become involved in this firm to take advantage of a business opportunity or because you had no better choices for work?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
EXPLOIT BUS OPPORT
88876
4.9 %
2
BEST WORK CHOICE
49311
2.7 %
3
WK CHOICE & OPPORT
20684
1.1 %
4
OTHER
6790
0.4 %
6
FAMILY BUSINESS
76
0.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
40032
2.2 %
8
DON T KNOW
6141
0.3 %
9
REFUSED
9522
0.5 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1608081
87.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
Based upon 165,737 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
Location: 318-319 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
OMOPTYPE: OWN-MANGE: NATURE OF BUSS OPPORTUNITY
Which one of the following, do you feel, was the most important motive for pursuing this opportunity? Greater independence,
increase person income, just to maintain income, or none of these.
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
INDEPENDENCE
36975
2.0 %
2
INCREASE INCOME
29135
1.6 %
3
JUST MAINTAIN INCOME
10063
0.6 %
4
OTHER
2774
0.2 %
5
FAMILY BUSINESS
51
0.0 %
Missing Data
7
Not Applicable
12300
0.7 %
8
DON'T KNOW
780
0.0 %
9
REFUSED
1237
0.1 %
99
SYSTEM MISSING
1736198
94.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Total
- 54 -
Based upon 78,998 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
Location: 320-321 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 7 , 8 , 9 , 99
BATYPE: BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Considering the most recent personal investment in a business start-p, what kind of business were you investing in? What did it
expect to be selling? How would it be listed in a business directory, such as the phone book yellow pages?
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
93
0.0 %
2
0.0 %
175
0.0 %
100
AGRI GENERAL
110
AGRI CROP,HORTIC
111
AGRI CROPS
112
AGRI VEGE HOLTI
48
0.0 %
113
AGRI FRUIT
39
0.0 %
120
AGRI FARM ANIMALS
1
0.0 %
121
AGRI RANCHING
119
0.0 %
122
AGRI OTH ANIM
45
0.0 %
130
AGRI MIXED PRODUC
33
0.0 %
140
AGRI ANIM HUSB
132
0.0 %
150
HUNT GAME
44
0.0 %
199
HUNT NEC
33
0.0 %
200
FORESTRY,LOGGING
60
0.0 %
500
FISH GENERAL
100
0.0 %
1000
MINE GENERAL
3
0.0 %
1010
MINE COAL
3
0.0 %
1099
MINE COAL,PEAT NEC
6
0.0 %
1100
MINE OIL EXTRT
1
0.0 %
1110
MINE OIL GAS EXTRACT
1
0.0 %
1120
MINE SERV PETROL
6
0.0 %
1310
MINE IRON
2
0.0 %
1320
MINE NFER META
2
0.0 %
1399
MINE NFER MET,NEC
4
0.0 %
1410
MINE QUAR STON SAND
3
0.0 %
1421
MINE CHEM
1
0.0 %
1429
MINE QUAR,NEC
28
0.0 %
1500
MANU GENERAL
37
0.0 %
1510
MANU FOOD PROC&PREP
1
0.0 %
1511
MANU MEAT
12
0.0 %
- 55 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1512
MANU FISH
10
0.0 %
1513
MANU FRT VEGE
10
0.0 %
1514
MANU FOOD OIL
5
0.0 %
1520
MANU DAIRY PRO
18
0.0 %
1531
MANU GRAIN PRO
12
0.0 %
1532
MANU STARH PRO
1
0.0 %
1533
MANU ANIM FEED
2
0.0 %
1540
MANU GENE FOOD
4
0.0 %
1541
MANU BAKER PRO
35
0.0 %
1543
MANU CONFECT
11
0.0 %
1544
MANU FARIN PRO
4
0.0 %
1549
MANU OTH FOOD
42
0.0 %
1551
MANU FERM BEVE
13
0.0 %
1552
MANU WINE
16
0.0 %
1553
MANU MALT LIQ
4
0.0 %
1554
MANU SOFT DRK
7
0.0 %
1599
MANU DRINKS, NEC
6
0.0 %
1600
MANU TOBA PRO
1
0.0 %
1700
MANU GENE FABRIC
3
0.0 %
1710
MANU GENE SEWING
4
0.0 %
1711
MANU PREP TEXT
7
0.0 %
Missing Data
9998
MISSING DID NOT KNOW
172
0.0 %
9999
MISSING NOT CODABLE
1663
0.1 %
1810693
99.0 %
1,829,513
100%
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 16,985 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 100.00
• Maximum: 9900.00
Location: 322-325 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9998 , 9999 , .
BATYPE1D: BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
BUS ANGEL: ECON SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
- 56 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
924
0.1 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
1045
0.1 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
1605
0.1 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
1041
0.1 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
1623
0.1 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
5162
0.3 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
835
0.0 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
2770
0.2 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
711
0.0 %
1268
0.1 %
0
0.0 %
173
0.0 %
1812356
99.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
29059
1.6 %
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
99999 OTHER,CAN NOT CODE,MISS
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 16,984 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 10000.00
Location: 326-331 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
BAREL: BUS ANGEL: R RELATION TO INVESTEE
What was your relationship with the person that received your most recent personal investment?
Value
Label
1
CLOSE FAMILY
2
OTHER RELATIVE
6428
0.4 %
3
WORK COLLEAGUE
4254
0.2 %
4
FRIEND/NEIGHBOR
17266
0.9 %
5
STRANGER
3544
0.2 %
6
OTHER
1488
0.1 %
Missing Data
8
DON T KNOW
1298
0.1 %
9
REFUSED
1802
0.1 %
1764374
96.4 %
1,829,513
100%
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 62,039 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
- 57 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
Location: 332-337 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 8 , 9 , 999999
SUBOANWT: TRANSFORM: START-UP, OWNER, ACTIVE, NO WAGES
TRANSFORM: START-UP, OWNER, ACTIVE, NO WAGES
Value
0
100
Label
NOT ACTIVE
ACTIVE
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1731746
94.7 %
97767
5.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 100.00
Location: 338-340 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 999
OMBABYBT: TRANSFORM: NEW (BABY) BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, <3.5 YRS PAYMENTS
TRANSFORM: NEW (BABY) BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, <3.5 YRS PAYMENTS
Value
0
100
Label
NOT ACTVE
ACTIVE
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1762323
96.3 %
67190
3.7 %
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 100.00
Location: 341-343 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 999
OMESTBBT: TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, >3.5 YRS PAYMENTS
TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS, OWNER, ACTIVE, >3.5 YRS PAYMENTS
Value
0
100
Label
NOT ACTIVE
ACTIVE
Total
- 58 -
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1704354
93.2 %
125159
6.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Based upon 1,829,513 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 100.00
Location: 344-346 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 999
SUWHY: TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVATIONS: RECODED
TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVATIONS: RECODED
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
-1
BEST CHOICE
23025
1.3 %
0
OPPORT & OTHER
17556
1.0 %
1
OPPORT PRIMARY
48266
2.6 %
5
0.0 %
1740661
95.1 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Missing Data
9
OTHER,DK,R,MISSING
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 88,847 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: -1.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 347-348 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
OMWHY: TRANSFORM: OWN-MANGE MOTIVATONS: RECODED
TRANSFORM: OWN-MANGE MOTIVATIONS: RECODED
Value
Label
-1
BEST CHOICE
49311
2.7 %
0
OPPORT & OTHER
27474
1.5 %
1
OPPORT PRIMARY
88876
4.9 %
76
0.0 %
1663776
90.9 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9
OTHER,DK,R,MISSING
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 165,661 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: -1.00
• Maximum: 1.00
Location: 349-350 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
- 59 -
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
SU_MOT: TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVES: RECODE 2
TRANSFORM: START-UP MOTIVES: RECODE 2
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
OPPORUNITY
65822
3.6 %
2
BEST CHOICE
23025
1.3 %
3
MIXED,OTHER
0
0.0 %
6993
0.4 %
1733673
94.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Missing Data
9
NO DATA
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 88,847 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 351-352 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
OMBB_MOT: TRANSFORM: BABY (NEW) BUSS MOTIVES: RECODE 2
TRANSFORM: BABY (NEW) BUSS MOTIVES: RECODE 2
Value
Label
1
OPPORUNITY
44601
2.4 %
2
BEST CHOICE
18024
1.0 %
3
MIXED,OTHER
0
0.0 %
3592
0.2 %
1763296
96.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
9
NO DATA
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 62,625 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 353-354 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
OMEB_MOT: TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS MOTIVES: RECODE 2
TRANSFORM: ESTABLISHED BUSS MOTIVES: RECODE 2
- 60 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1
OPPORUNITY
77183
4.2 %
2
BEST CHOICE
33662
1.8 %
3
MIXED,OTHER
0
0.0 %
12424
0.7 %
1706244
93.3 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1654216
90.4 %
159859
8.7 %
15438
0.8 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Missing Data
9
NO DATA
99
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 110,845 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 355-356 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
TEA: TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE ACTIVITY INDEX
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE ACTIVITY INDEX
Value
0
100
Label
NOT ACTIVE
ACTIVE
Missing Data
999
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 1,814,075 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 100.00
Location: 357-359 (width: 3; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 999
TEA_MOT: TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE INDEX MOTIVATION
TRANSFORM: TEA/EARLY STAGE INDEX MOTIVATION
Value
Label
1
OPPORUNITY
107441
5.9 %
2
BEST CHOICE
39994
2.2 %
3
MIXED,OTHER
0
0.0 %
10014
0.5 %
Missing Data
9
NO DATA
- 61 -
Value
99
Label
SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1672064
91.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Unweighted
Frequency
%
Based upon 147,435 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
Location: 360-361 (width: 2; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 9 , 99
TEATYPE: TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990] B4 2010
Value
Label
100
-
193
0.0 %
110
-
84
0.0 %
111
-
786
0.0 %
112
-
429
0.0 %
113
-
117
0.0 %
119
-
82
0.0 %
120
-
5
0.0 %
121
-
680
0.0 %
122
-
501
0.0 %
130
-
1226
0.1 %
140
-
608
0.0 %
150
-
111
0.0 %
199
-
76
0.0 %
200
-
231
0.0 %
500
-
175
0.0 %
1000
-
8
0.0 %
1010
-
35
0.0 %
1030
-
1
0.0 %
1099
-
15
0.0 %
1100
-
2
0.0 %
1110
-
2
0.0 %
1120
-
5
0.0 %
1200
-
1
0.0 %
1310
-
1
0.0 %
1320
-
5
0.0 %
1399
-
6
0.0 %
- 62 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1410
-
9
0.0 %
1429
-
100
0.0 %
1500
-
79
0.0 %
1510
-
16
0.0 %
1511
-
35
0.0 %
1512
-
19
0.0 %
1513
-
26
0.0 %
1514
-
9
0.0 %
1519
-
1
0.0 %
1520
-
40
0.0 %
1531
-
31
0.0 %
1532
-
3
0.0 %
1533
-
25
0.0 %
1540
-
25
0.0 %
1541
-
297
0.0 %
1542
-
4
0.0 %
1543
-
54
0.0 %
1544
-
4
0.0 %
1549
-
250
0.0 %
1550
-
4
0.0 %
1551
-
18
0.0 %
1552
-
43
0.0 %
1553
-
14
0.0 %
1554
-
27
0.0 %
1749790
95.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 79,723 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 5558.34
Minimum: 100.00
Maximum: 9900.00
Standard Deviation: 2289.75
Location: 362-365 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
TEATYPE_10: TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008] 2010 ON
- 63 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
100
-
734
0.0 %
110
-
207
0.0 %
111
-
198
0.0 %
112
-
70
0.0 %
113
-
95
0.0 %
114
-
37
0.0 %
115
-
11
0.0 %
116
-
4
0.0 %
119
-
7
0.0 %
120
-
89
0.0 %
121
-
2
0.0 %
122
-
9
0.0 %
123
-
3
0.0 %
124
-
1
0.0 %
125
-
4
0.0 %
126
-
2
0.0 %
127
-
1
0.0 %
129
-
5
0.0 %
130
-
107
0.0 %
140
-
161
0.0 %
141
-
137
0.0 %
142
-
15
0.0 %
144
-
31
0.0 %
145
-
55
0.0 %
146
-
269
0.0 %
149
-
351
0.0 %
150
-
376
0.0 %
160
-
81
0.0 %
161
-
17
0.0 %
162
-
15
0.0 %
164
-
8
0.0 %
169
-
1
0.0 %
170
-
2
0.0 %
194
-
1
0.0 %
200
-
59
0.0 %
210
-
7
0.0 %
220
-
16
0.0 %
230
-
1
0.0 %
300
-
25
0.0 %
- 64 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
310
-
84
0.0 %
312
-
1
0.0 %
320
-
29
0.0 %
500
-
11
0.0 %
510
-
1
0.0 %
610
-
2
0.0 %
631
-
4
0.0 %
691
-
1
0.0 %
700
-
3
0.0 %
710
-
2
0.0 %
729
-
1
0.0 %
1781370
97.4 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
.
Total
Please note that only the first 50 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
Based upon 48,143 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
•
•
•
•
Mean: 5013.51
Minimum: 100.00
Maximum: 9990.00
Standard Deviation: 2307.29
Location: 366-369 (width: 4; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
TEATYPE1D: TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE3.1,1990],11 CAT, B4 2010
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
5304
0.3 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
4135
0.2 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
7015
0.4 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
4691
0.3 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
6298
0.3 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
26494
1.4 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
2559
0.1 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
12163
0.7 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
4292
0.2 %
6771
0.4 %
0
0.0 %
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
- 65 -
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1749791
95.6 %
1,829,513
100%
Missing Data
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 79,722 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 10000.00
Location: 370-375 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
TEATYPE1D_10: TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
TRANSFORM: TEA SECTOR,ISIC [UN,RE4.0,2008],11 CAT, 2010 ON
Value
Label
Unweighted
Frequency
%
1000
AGR,FOR,HUNT,FISH
2384
0.1 %
2000
MINING, CONSTRUCTION
1247
0.1 %
3000
MANUFACTURING
3299
0.2 %
4000
TRANS,COMM,UTIL
2299
0.1 %
5000
WHOLE,MV SALE,REPAIR
2889
0.2 %
6000
RETAIL,HOTEL,REST,BAR
13134
0.7 %
7000
FIN,INSUR,REAL EST
710
0.0 %
8000
BUS SERVICES
2654
0.1 %
9000
HLTH,EDUC,SOC SERV
1186
0.1 %
2192
0.1 %
40
0.0 %
1797479
98.2 %
1,829,513
100%
10000 CONSUMER SERVICE
11000 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Missing Data
999999 SYSTEM MISSING
Total
Based upon 32,034 valid cases out of 1,829,513 total cases.
• Minimum: 1000.00
• Maximum: 11000.00
Location: 376-381 (width: 6; decimal: 0)
Variable Type: numeric
(Range of) Missing Values: 99999 , 999999
- 66 -