Relate the number of particles and volume using
Avogadro’s principle.
Relate the amount of gas present to its pressure,
temperature, and volume using ideal gas law
Apply Avogadro’s principle and idea; gas law to
problems
The Ideal
Avogadro’s Principle
States that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature
and pressure contain equal number of particles
Molar Volume is the volume that
1 mol occupies at STP
STP : 1 atm , 0⁰ C ( 273 K)
Calculate the volume that 2Kg of methane gas
will occupy at STP
Kg
g
2Kg X 1000 = 2000 g
2000 g
X 22.4 mol/L
16 g/mol
= 2.8 X 103 L
mol
L
CH4
(1C x 12) + (4H x 1)
= 16 g/mol
Mass
Molar Volume
X
Molar mass
How much carbon dioxide gas in grams is in 1 L
balloon at STP
L
1L
22.4 L/mol
mol
g
X 44 g/mol
= 1.76 g
Volume
Molar volume
X Molar mass
CO2
(1C x 12) + (2O x 16)
= 44 g/mol
LMS Time
Ideal Gas Law
Analyze: when volume and
temperature are constant, and
the number of molecules
increases, what happens to the
gas pressure?
Pressure increase
Analyze: when pressure and
temperature are constant, and
the number of molecules
increases, what happens to the
gas volume?
Volume increase
Problem 3
Problem 2
Problem 1
V
P
PV
n=
RT
=
1.50 X 3.0
0.0821 X 3 X
102
= 0.18 mol
T
n
V
T=
=
P
PV
nR
143 X 1.0
0.0821 X 2.49
= 699.5 K - 273 = 426.5⁰ C
n
P
v=
=
nRT
P
0.323 X 0.0821 X 265
0.9
= 7.8 L
T
Molar mass
&
Density
Molar Mass
D
T
?
DRT
M=
P
=
P
0.480 X 0.0821 X (260 + 273)
0.140
= 150.03 g/mol
71 X 1
0.0821 X (22 + 273)
Cl2
2Cl X 35.5
71 g/mol
= 2.9 g/L
LMS Time
Real Gas Versus Ideal Gas
Compare the properties of real and ideal gas
How ideal gas converts to real gas
How to convert ideal gas to real gas ??
Lowering the temperature
decrease the kinetic
energy of gas particles
Increasing the pressure
make particles more
closer
Shows attraction forces between particles (Real Gas)
No forces between particles ( Ideal gas)
Gas that follow the gas
laws under all conditions
of T & P is ………………..
Identify ( Real or
ideal) gas:
CO - NH3 - N2
Most of ideal gases acts
like real gases under
………..pressure and
………temperature
What are conditions that
make real gas deviate
most from ideal gas ?
Explain: water vapor
behaves like real gas
while He acts like ideal
gas
Count 3 properties
that describe an ideal
gas
6
7
8
3
4
5
Explain : butane is a real
gas even it is a nonpolar
molecule C4H10
1
Liquid nitrogen
behaves like a real
gas
2
Gas that does not
follow the gas laws is
………………..
3
write I if the sentence applies to ideal gas
write R if the sentence applies to real gas
R
Polar molecules
I
Has no volume
I
R
No attraction forces
R
Under high pressure
Inelastic collision
I
high temperature
R
Large molecules
I
Elastic collision