Heart and Circulation Review Worksheet
Name ___________________
Blood Vessels – Complete the following chart
Vessels
Structure
Function
Speed of
blood in vessel
Pressure of
blood in vessel
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Leaving the left ventricle and going back to the heart, list the order of the vessels that the blood travels
through:
______________________, ________________________, ________________________,
___________________________, ________________________
Leaving the right ventricle and going back to the heart, list the order of the vessels that the blood travels
through:
_____________________, _________________________, ______________________,
____________________________, _______________________
When vessels get larger, this is called ________________________, which results in (increased/decreased)
blood pressure
When blood vessels get smaller, this is called ________________________, which results in
(increased/decreased) blood pressure
Parts of the Heart – Label all parts – draw arrows showing where the blood goes.
Starting at the vena cave, trace the path of blood until it is pumped through the aorta to be delivered to all
parts of the body
a. Superior/inferior vena cava (deoxygenated blood)
b. ____________________
c. _____________________ (valve)
d. ______________________
e. _____________________ (valve)
f. ______________________
g. pulmonary arterioles
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
capillaries in lungs (red blood cells exchange CO2 for O2 – blood is now oxygenated)
pulmonary venules
______________________
______________________
______________________ (valve)
______________________
______________________ (valve)
______________________ (oxygenated blood to all parts of the body
Control of the HeartBeat
The part of your brain that controls involuntary actions such as the heartbeat is the
__________________________. The heart’s tempo is set by the ____________________ located in the
right atrium of the heart. Let’s say you are exercising and you need more oxygen. The following order of
events would happen:
a. the ___________________ in the brain would get the message to speed up the heartbeat.
b. A nerve from the brain to the _____________________ in the right atrium would stimulate
the pacemaker in the heart
c. The nerve impulse will then travel to a second node, the ______________ node. This node
sends the message to a bundle of nerves in the septum called the Bundle of His. These nerves
will work to contract the ventricles (both ventricles will contract at the same time)
Heart Sounds
When the heart is contracting it is in the ______________________ phase. When it is relaxing it
is in the _____________________ phase. The sounds of the heartbeat are caused by the closing of
____________________.
The “lub” sounds are caused by the closing of the ________________ and ___________________
valves. Collectively, these vales are known as the ________________________ valves.
The “dubb” sounds are caused by the closing of the ________________ and
___________________ valves. Collectively, these vales are known as the ________________________
valves.
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is (higher/lower) in vessels that are closer to the heart. If your blood pressure is
too high, your body will try to decrease it through ________________________, which makes the vessels
larger, thereby decreasing pressure.
If your blood pressure is too low, your body will try to increase it through
_____________________________, which makes the vessels smaller, thereby increasing pressure.
Capillary Fluid Exchange
Fluids need to be exchanged between the blood and the surrounding tissues. This happens in a
capillary bed (a group of capillaries). Two types of pressure are involved in this fluid exchange.
____________________ pressure is the pressure that forces fluids out of the vessels
____________________ pressure is the pressure that brings fluids back into the vessels
____________________ pressure is always constant at 25mmHg
____________________ pressure changes. At the beginning of the capillary, it is 35mmHg, near
the end of the capillary it is ______________mmHg.
At the beginning of the capillary bed, which pressure is higher? ____________________. Where
is the fluid going to go? ____________________________
At the end of the capillary bed, which pressure is higher? Where is the fluid going to go?
________________________
All of the fluid is not reabsorbed back into the vessels. Some remains in the tissues and is picked
up by the _______________________ system
In an individual with high blood pressure, there would be (more/less) movement of fluids out of
the vessels.