1. Why does the poem start with Shield Sheafson and with a funeral? Why does it end
with another funeral? How can you explain this frame?
2. When and where does the cycle of revenge begin in the poem? Does it have an origin
or is it ongoing and eternal?
3. Beowulf ages but does his character change over the course of the poem?
4. This is far from being a linear narrative. What do you make of the poem’s treatment
of history and time? Is the poet spoiling the story for us when he tells us how it ends?
5. Explain the following structural analysis of Beowulf:
a. BINARY STRUCTURE
b. TRIPARTITE STRUCTURE
c. INTERLACE STRUCTURE
d. MAGNETIC STRUCTURE
e. RING STRUCTURE
f. ELEGY WITHIN AN ELEGY
6. Why is Wiglaf honorable? How does Beowulf reward him?
7. Discuss the code of loyalty in Beowulf. How is society structured? What is important
to the warriors in Beowulf? What qualities did they feel a good king should possess?
What do they consider “courageous”?
8. What is ironic about the tower that is built for Beowulf’s remains? What is done with
his treasure?
9. Discuss the role of women in this patriarchal world. Cite examples from the text.
10. Does Beowulf seek glory and fame throughout the text? Use examples to support your
answer.
11. What is tragic about the ending of the poem? What attitudes and actions lead to
Beowulf’s downfall? Defend your answer with examples.
12. List and develop the thematic concerns of each section of the poem Beowulf.