Heat and Temperature Learning Target: I can compare and contrast temperature and heat. Question of the Day What do you think the difference is between temperature and heat? Laws of Thermodynamics 0. Two bodies in thermal equilibrium are at the same temperature. 1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. ΔE=q+W 2. The total entropy of the universe (the system + surroundings) must increase in every spontaneous process. 3. The entropy of a pure, perfectly crystalline compound at zero Kelvin is zero. (no disorder). Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter Matter is made up of particles that are constantly moving. All particles have energy, but the energy varies depending on the temperature the sample of matter is in. This in turn determines whether the substance exists in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Lumen Learning: Kinetic Molecular Theory Temperature The temperature of a substance is a measure of the average kinetic energy (motion) of the particles. Does not depend on the amount of substance. Units of Temperature Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin Create a diagram to show the conversion between the three units of temperature. What is 100℃ in ℉? K? Heat Heat - energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in temperature. - The total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Depends on the temperature, state of matter, and amount of substance. Units: Calorie - the energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water, 1 ℃. Joule - 1 calorie = 4.184 J Make a chart or Venn diagram to compare and contrast heat and temperature. Absolute Zero At zero Kelvin, particles would not move or vibrate. Absolute zero can’t be reached. The closest scientists have gotten to 0 is 38 trillionths of a Kelvin or 0.000000000038 K https://www.sciencealert.com/scient ists-shattered-record-for-coldest-te mperature-ever-recorded-in-a-lab
