IBDP CHEMISTRY
S1 MODELS OF THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF
MATTER
S1.1 : Introduction to particulate nature of matter
Guiding Question:
How is the particulate nature of matter modelled?
Syed Arshad Mushtaq
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Understandings
S1.1.1
Elements are the primary constituents of matter, which cannot be chemically
broken down into simpler substances.
Compounds consist of atoms of different elements chemically bonded together in a
fixed ratio.
Mixtures contain more than one element or compound in no fixed ratio, which are
not chemically bonded and so can be separated by physical methods
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WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
 Chemistry is the study of COMPOSITION and PROPERTIES on the matter.
Particles are made up of
atoms molecules or ions
Occupies volume in the
space
Matter
Particles are in constant
motion
Has mass
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Elements and compounds
 Elements – Elements constitute the simplest chemical substances in which all the
atoms are the same.
 Compounds – Compounds are chemical substances made up of two or more
elements that are chemically bound together in a fixed ratio.
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CHEMICAL SYMBOLS
A short way of representing elements
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CLASSIFICATION OF THE MATTER
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DATA BASE QUESTION
Open Page 7 of the book. Read the information
provided. Discuss answers in your group.
After 10 minutes we will discuss answers in the
class.
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ANSWERS TO THE DATA BASE QUESTIONS
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SEPARATING TECHNIQUES
Read page 9,10 and 11 of
the textbook
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SEPARATING TECHNIQUES
Some Important Techniques
 Filtration
Distillation
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SEPARATING TECHNIQUES
Chromatography
 Separating Insoluble liquids
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RECALL SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
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S1.1.2 the kinetic molecular theory is a model to explain physical properties
of matter (solids, liquids and gases) and changes of state.
 Learning Objectives
 Distinguish the different states of matter.
 Use state symbols (s, , g and aq) in chemical equations.
14
Three States of Matter
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STATE SYMBOLS IN CHEMICAL
EQUATIONS
16
CHANGES OF STATE OF MATTER
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S1.1.3the temperature, T, in kelvin (K) is a measure of average kinetic energy
Ek of particles
Learning Objectives
 The kinetic molecular theory is a model to explain physical
properties of matter (solids, liquids, and gases) and changes of
state.
 Temperature (in k) is a measure of average kinetic energy of
particles.
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KINETIC MOLECULAR
THEORY AND
TEMPERATURE
 Temperature is defined as a
measure of average kinetic
energy of the particles.
 As a substance absorbs heat
its particles start moving
faster, hence results in
increase in the temperature
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LEARNING CHECK
Shown below is the cooling curve of an unknown
substance X?
1. What is the state of matter
between A and B?
2. What is the state of matter
between B and C?
3. What is the state of matter at 70oC?
4. Why temperature remains constant
between B and C?
5. What is the name of change of
state between D and E?
6. Find the boiling point of the
substance X.
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KELVIN AND CELSIUS TEMPERATURE
SCALE
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CITATIONS


Textbook: Oxford Chemistry Course companion Page 3 to page 19.
ThinkIB
 https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/40849/s11-introduction-to-the-particulate-nature-ofmatter-
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