WEEK 1 & 2
PROGRESS CHECK:
1. Name and define the two areas of statistics. How do they differ? How are they applied
or used?
The two main branch of Statistics are the

Descriptive - the branch of statistics devoted to the collection, organization,
summarization and presentation of data

Inferential - the branch of statistics concerned with generalizing from
samples to populations, to make an inference about population based on information
obtained from a sample of the population
2. Give five (5) specific examples of statistics being be used in everyday life.





Medical Study
Weather Forecasts
Quality Testing
Stock Market
Consumer Goods
3. Explain the differences between a sample and a population. Give examples.
A population consists of all subjects (human or otherwise) that are being studied.
While sample is a group of subjects selected from a population.
4. In each of these statements, tell whether descriptive or inferential statistics have been
used. Write D if descriptive and I if inferential.
I In the year 2020, the population of Filipinos will be 110 million.
D Nine out of ten on-the-job fatalities are men.
D Expenditures for the cable industry were $5.66 billion in 1996.
I Drinking decaffeinated coffee can raise cholesterol levels by 7%.
I Allergy therapy makes bees go away.
5. Classify each as nominal-level, ordinal-level, interval-level, or ratio-level
measurement. Write only N if nominal, O if ordinal, I if interval and R if ratio.
O Rankings of tennis players
R Weights of air conditioners
I Temperatures inside 10 refrigerators
R Salaries of the top five CEOs in the United States
O Ratings of eight local plays (poor, fair, good, excellent)
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6. Classify each variable and write ONLY 1 for qualitative or 2 for quantitative.
2 Number of bicycles sold in 1 year by a large sporting goods store
1 Colors of baseball caps in a store
2 Times it takes to cut a lawn
2 Capacity in cubic feet of six truck beds
1 Classification of children in a day care center (infant, toddler, preschool)
7. Classify each variable as discrete or continuous. Write only D if discrete and C if
continuous.
D Number of doughnuts sold each day by Doughnut Heaven
C Water temperatures of six swimming pools in Pittsburgh on a given day
C Weights of cats in a pet shelter
C Lifetime (in hours) of 12 flashlight batteries
D Number of cheeseburgers sold each day by a hamburger stand on a college
campus
8. Name the four basic sampling methods and give one (1) example each.
 Random – “Nursing supervisors are selected using random number in order to
determine annual salaries.”
 Systematic – “Every seventh customer entering a shopping mall is asked to select
his or her favorite store.”
 Stratified – “A large city's mail carriers are divided into four groups based on
gender (male or female) and whether they walk or ride their routes. Then, 10
people from each group are chosen and interviewed to see if they were bitten by a
dog in the previous year.”
 Cluster – “In a large school district, all teachers from two buildings are
interviewed to determine whether they believe the students have less homework to
do now than in previous years.”
9. In the study below made for butter and margarine, how would you conduct the study
to arrive at a convincing conclusion.
No matter what type of study is conducted, two studies on the same subject sometimes
have conflicting conclusions. Why might this occur? An article entitled “Bottom Line:
Is It Good for You?” (USA TODAY Weekend) states that in the 1960s studies
suggested that margarine was better for the heart than butter since margarine contains
less saturated fat and users had lower cholesterol levels. In a 1980 study, researchers
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found that butter was better than margarine since margarine contained trans-fatty acids,
which are worse for the heart than butter’s saturated fat. Then in a 1998 study,
researchers found that margarine was better for a person’s health. Now, what is to be
believed? Should one use butter or margarine?
I will review the studies performed on both of the products and get right to it. What's
important is the type of margarine used, not the choice of butter or margarine. Transfatty acids were discovered in solid margarine in the 1980s, and scientists believe they
are worse for the heart than saturated fat in butter. Liquid margarine was used in the
1998 study. It contains very few trans-fatty acids, making it healthier than butter, because
trans-fatty acids have been shown to raise cholesterol. As a result, instead of solid
margarine or butter, use liquid margarine.
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WEEK 3 & 4
PROGRESS CHECK (Copy and Answer):
1. The table below represents the number of incidences of various types of crimes for
the town of Thompson. Construct a histogram to represent the data.
Year
Number of Crime
1999
1109
2000
1200
2001
1287
2002
1350
2003
1443
2. The following data was collected about which introductory courses first year
university students take. Draw a bar graph to represent the data.
Course
Number of Students
Chemistry
155
Physics
120
Math
200
Psychology
300
Number of Students
Economics
Psychology
Math
Physics
Chemistry
0
50
100
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150
200
250
300
Economics
250
3. Town councils in two towns conducted a survey to determine how people feel
about the different options for protecting the bears that live in the area but still keep
the communities safe. The results are shown below; create a bar graph to represent
this data.
Bear Smart Program
Suggestions
Votes: Town 1
Use safe electric fences around the landfill
1020
Remove brush in town
294
Use bear-proof garbage bins
701
Move problem bears to the wild
773
Put out garbage on pickup day only
948
Lock commercial garbage bins
60
Votes: Town 2
711
47
710
479
518
76
Chart Title
Lock commercial garbage bins
Put out garbage on pickup day only
Move problem bears to the wild
Use bear-proof garbage bins
Remove brush in town
Use safe electric fences around the landfill
0
Bear Smart Program Votes: Town 2
200
400
600
800
1000 1200
Bear Smart Program Votes: Town 1
4. Complete the chart and then create a pie graph that represents the data.
Pet
Number
Percentage
Without Pets
420
42%
Angle/degrees
in the
Circle/Pie
151.2°
Dog
240
24%
86.4°
Cat
200
20%
72°
Bird
50
5%
18°
Other
90
9%
32.4°
Total
1000
100%
360°
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PET
Bird
5%
Other
9%
Without Pets
42%
Cat
20%
Without Pets
Dog
Cat
Bird
Dog
24%
Other
PET
18°
5%
32.4°
9%
151.2°
42%
72°
20%
72°
18°
86.4°
24%
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32.4°