For a long time, the United States has always advertised itself as the most
democratic, free, and ideal society, but it does not know that it is also a
society with numerous social problems. Racial discrimination is one of its
deep-rooted social problems. The report issued by the US State Department
on September 21, 2000 acknowledged that although the law to eliminate
racial discrimination has been enacted for decades, racial discrimination still
plagues American society. The report stated: "Although most white people
don't think there are too many racial discrimination problems in the United
States today, most ethnic minorities feel the opposite in real life." [1] A series
of races still appeared in the United States in the 1990s. Discrimination
incidents, such as the assault of Ronnie King, a black man, by the Los
Angeles police in 1991, Diallo, a black immigrant in New York, was shot by
four white policemen and killed on the spot in 1999, and a man named James
Bird in Texas The blacks were tied to cars and dragged to death, and many
Jewish, Muslim, and black religious sites were burned down, fully
demonstrating the seriousness of this problem. The report also noted that the
proportion of blacks held in prisons and sentenced to death in the United
States is significantly higher than that of whites. In state prisons,
approximately 47% of inmates are black and 16% of inmates are Hispanic
Americans. From 1977 to 1998, blacks only accounted for 10% to 12% of the
U.S. population, but among the 5709 people sentenced to death, 41% were
blacks. Why racial discrimination still exists in the United States.
The long-standing existence of racial discrimination and racial prejudice in
the United States also has a lot to do with the long-standing existence of
slavery in the United States. Slavery once existed as a legal system, it will
have a great influence, and its influence is unlikely to disappear with the
elimination of the system. Slavery has become a subconscious activity. Black
Americans are faced with the determination of whites to oppress them
intellectually and consciously, and they also face "a prolonged abnormal
psychology that has basically turned into a subconscious habit and irrational
impulse.”
White consciousness in the United States has a long history. It did not arise
after contact with black people, but the self-identity psychology that has long
been precipitated in British culture. For the English in the Elizabethan era,
white has a special cultural meaning, and it has become a representative of
people, especially women's beauty.
White is given a positive meaning, representing purity, beauty and sincerity,
and is connected with goodness, kindness, virtue, wisdom, courage, etc., and
with Christ and angels. In contrast to this black, it is a symbol of depravity
and evil, and has various meanings of suspicion.
In modern times, racial discrimination began in the colonial era. In the form
of government, racial discrimination in the United States has the basic
characteristics of persistence, systemicity, and comprehensiveness, which
seriously threatens the security and realization of its internal minority
population. In the sports world, racial discrimination also exists.
阿⾥Including the former black boxing champion Ali.He wrote in his
autobiography “Why white is good and black is bad.” In the eyes of white
people, black people always represent filth. They think that blacks are a lower
race and are not worthy to stay with whites. In the past, black people did not
even have the opportunity to sit with white people. In Martin. After Luther
King's speech, that is the famous one, I have a dream. He was assassinated on
the streets of the United States."When I was a child, I would ask my mother
why everything is white. Good is white, and bad is black." In 1971, "Boxing"
Muhammad Ali accepted BBC reporter Michael. Parkinson (Michael
Parkinson) said in an interview. 49 years later, when George Floyd passed
away due to police violent law enforcement, many athletes' vocal protests
made people see the shadow of Ali's voice for blacks. Today's athletes have
more voice channels, and they continue to work hard to change the status
quo.Ali became famous at a young age. He won the first heavyweight title at
the age of 22 and won the title of heavyweight champion 22 times in the
following 20 years. The well-deserved "boxing champion" honor has not won
him universal respect in society.
In 1960, Ali won a gold medal for the US delegation in the 81 kg boxing
event of the Rome Olympic Games. Ali thought that winning the gold would
change the prejudice of American society towards people of color, but the
reality slapped him severely. After returning to China, a restaurant refused to
provide service to Ali because of his skin color. Ali was very frustrated and
threw the gold medal he had just received into the Ohio River. After that, Ali
became more active in the cause of anti-racism, even if he bet on his boxing
career, he was fearless. In 1967, Ali publicly refused to participate in the
Vietnam War on the grounds of racial unfairness. As a result, he was deprived
of the title of heavyweight champion and passport by the federal authorities,
and he was also banned from participating in boxing events in the United
States. Although the U.S. Supreme Court overturned this ruling in 1971, Ali’s
career has been delayed for 3 years.
In the 1960s, the "Black Power Salute" (Black Power Salute) movement
prevailed in the United States. Ali's throwing of gold medals and opposing
the Vietnam War were the landmark moments of this event. At the same time,
Ali actively opposed racial discrimination and paved the way for the
subsequent Olympic protests.As the 1968 Mexico City Olympics were
approaching, the pastors Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert Kennedy were
assassinated within a few months. At that time, the Vietnam War had not yet
subsided, anxiety and division spread in American society, coupled with the
influence of Ali, some athletes decided to publicly protest racial injustice
through the Olympic stage, such as Tom Smith (Tommie Smith) and John Ka
Los (John Carlos).
Serena Jameica Williams, born in Michigan, an American female tennis
player, is one of the greatest female players in tennis history, the best female
tennis player in American sports history, and the world's first tennis grand
slam Black women's singles champion, singles highest ranked first in the
world, 23 Grand Slam women's singles champion winners. Even though she
has won so many honors, she is still discriminated against by a large number
of people. The notable difference between black excellence and white
excellence is white excellence is achieved without having to battle racism.
Po
The affirmative law first appeared in the executive order signed by President
Kennedy in 1961. It was originally a negative concept, which prohibited the
government from discriminating based on race and belief in recruitment and
enforcement, but today it has evolved into a positive meaning. The concept
refers to policies that give preferential treatment to races that have been
discriminated against in history in education, employment, and housing
matters.
A basic assumption of the affirmative act is that the economic situation of
blacks is worse than that of other ethnic groups due to historical reasons, so
preferential treatment should be given to policies to make up for the
exploitation of blacks in history.
For example, doctors in the United States often earn a lot of money. Blacks
and whites in this group have similar financial status; restaurant waiters often
earn very low income regardless of skin color. The economic difference
between a black doctor and a black waiter may be far greater than the income
difference between a black doctor and a white doctor. In this case, giving
black people preferential treatment is also unfair to those who carry the
dishes.
加⼀点The affirmative act will only keep blacks in a disadvantaged position
as a whole: because of the existence of the affirmative act, blacks can get the
same gains as other ethnicities without achieving the same results as other
ethnicities, which makes the black community very dependent. This
affirmative act lost the motivation to improve himself. In the end, he could
only rely on the charity of the white people, and he could not stand up on his
own.
Through the self-reliance of black people rather than the government's policy
tilt.。。。