The Hajj is a magnificent and grand event that brings together several million Muslims from
around the world every year. Besides its cultural significance, it also carries a profound
philosophy. According to Islamic beliefs, God created the first man and woman and then divided
all their descendants into different tribes and nations. People were supposed to know, not to hate
each other, and Hajj is a symbol of uniting people of different races, professions, nations, and
classes into one community in Kaaba, the House of God. Thus, the pillars of Islam are the
ritualistic and attitudinal foundations of cultivating feelings of gratitude, generosity, and unity in
Muslims.
Organisational culture is an integral aspect of any company’s activities and has many
conventions and implications. The emphasis on maintaining a favourable microclimate and
enhancing productivity is largely realised through appropriate management practices aimed at
supporting organisational culture, which includes several sub-systems (Chatman & O’Reilly,
2016). In the aviation industry, this phenomenon is also expressed openly, and the example of
the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) will be considered. The issues of
organisational, safety and professional cultures will be assessed in the context of their roles and
influence on operational outcomes. ICAO’s activities will be evaluated by using Hofstede’s
framework, the methodology that offers specific parameters for analysing cultural aspects of
development (Helmreich & Merritt, 2018). In ICAO, adhering to organisational culture
conditions has a positive impact on operational activities and allows its management to maintain
high safety performance and job satisfaction, which is crucial parameters in civil aviation
(Klimas, 2016). The structure of Hofstede’s model will be examined concerning its core
components. Also, ICAO’s safety, organisational and professional cultures will be evaluated, and
the interaction between them and safety performance will be determined.